• Source: 1913 Australian referendum

The 1913 Australian referendum was held on 31 May 1913. It contained six referendum questions and was held in conjunction with the 1913 federal election.




Background


Having failed with the 1911 referendum, the Attorney-General, Billy Hughes, tried again, breaking each of the changes into separate questions. The changes were said to be necessary because the Commonwealth's powers had been cut down by successive decision of the High Court in applying the inter-governmental immunities and reserved state powers doctrines until they were said to be futile. The cases referred to by the Attorney-General were:

Union label case (1908) - trade marks
Huddart, Parker & Co Ltd v Moorehead (1909) - control of corporations
SS Kalibia v Wilson (1910) - navigation power
Melbourne Steamship Co Ltd v Moorehead (1912) - trade & commerce power
Railway servants Case (1906) - State railways employees could not be part of an interstate industrial dispute
Jumbunna Coal Mine NL v Victorian Coal Miners’ Association (1908) - appeal from the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration
R v Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration; Ex parte BHP (1909) - prohibition against the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration
Federated Sawmill Employees Association v James Moore & Sons Pty Ltd (1909) - federal award could not be inconsistent with a State wages board determination
Australian Boot Trade Employees' Federation v Whybrow & Co (1910) - Court of Conciliation and Arbitration could not make a common-rule award to prevent industrial disputes
Federated Engine Drivers' & Firemen's Association of Australasia v Broken Hill Pty Co Ltd (1911) - a union in different industries could not be registered
R v Barger (1908) - the new Protection policy, in which protection was linked to paying fair & reasonable wages, was invalid




The results






Aftermath


Writs were issued for a further referendum to be held on 11 December 1915 to cover substantially the same questions as were rejected in 1911 and 1913, however the referendum was cancelled and the writs withdrawn.




See also


Referendums in Australia
Politics of Australia
History of Australia




References






Further reading


Select sources on constitutional change in Australia 1901-1997. Part 2 - History of Australian Referendums (PDF). Commonwealth of Australia. 24 March 1997. ISBN 0644484101.
Bennett, Scott (2003). "Research Paper no. 11 2002–03: The Politics of Constitutional Amendment". Canberra: Parliamentary Library of Australia..
Australian Electoral Commission (2007) Referendum Dates and Results 1906 – Present AEC, Canberra.

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• 1913 Australian referendum
• 1913 Australian referendum (Monopolies)
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• 1913 Australian referendum (Corporations)
• 1913 Australian referendum (Railway Disputes)
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• 1913 Australian referendum (Trade and Commerce)
• 1919 Australian referendum (Monopolies)
• Referendums in Australia
• 1946 Australian referendum (Industrial Employment)