- Source: 2018 United States House of Representatives elections
The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 6, 2018, as part of the 2018 midterm elections during President Donald Trump's first term, with early voting taking place in some states in the weeks preceding that date. Voters chose representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states to serve in the 116th United States Congress. Non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and four of the five inhabited U.S. territories were also elected. On Election Day, Republicans had held a House majority since January 2011.
In the 2018 elections, the Democrats, led by Nancy Pelosi, won control of the House. The Democrats gained a net total of 41 seats from the total number of seats they had won in the 2016 elections. The 41-seat gain was the Democrats' largest gain of House seats since the post-Watergate 1974 elections, when they picked up 49 seats. This was the first time since 1954 that Democrats flipped a chamber of Congress in a Republican president's first midterm. Democrats also won the popular vote by an 8.6% margin, the largest margin of victory for any party during a midterm election since 1986.
Upon the opening of the 116th Congress, Pelosi was elected as Speaker of the House. Incumbent Republican House Speaker Paul Ryan chose not to run for another term. In November 2018, House Republicans elected Kevin McCarthy as House Minority Leader.
The House Republicans' passage of the widely unpopular American Health Care Act of 2017 to repeal the Affordable Care Act, as well as opposition to Trump's policies, his low approval ratings, and questions about his personal stamina for office, are credited for the Democratic takeover of the House.
This marks the last time Democrats won any house seats in Oklahoma and Utah, the last time they won a majority of seats in Iowa and Minnesota, and the last time they won every seat based in New York City, Los Angeles County, or Orange County, California.
Results summary and analysis
= Federal
=The Democratic Party won control of the House of Representatives in the 2018 midterm elections. The Democrats gained a net total of 41 seats from the total number of seats they had won in the 2016 elections. This was their largest gain of House seats in an election since the 1974 elections, when the Democrats gained 49 House seats. Democrats won the popular vote by more than 9.7 million votes, or 8.6%, the largest midterm margin for any party and the largest margin on record for a minority party.
According to the Associated Press' statistical analysis, gerrymandering cost the Democrats an additional sixteen House seats from Republicans.
Voter turnout in this election was 50.3%, the highest turnout in a U.S. midterm election since 1914.
Note that the results summary does not include blank and over/under votes which were included in the official results or votes cast in the voided election in North Carolina's 9th congressional district.
= Per states
== Maps
=Retirements
In the November general elections, 55 incumbents did not seek re-election, some of whom sought other elected office.
= Democrats
=18 Democrats did not seek re-election.
Arizona 9: Kyrsten Sinema retired to run for U.S. Senator.
Colorado 2: Jared Polis retired to run for Governor of Colorado.
Connecticut 5: Elizabeth Esty retired after involvement in sexual harassment allegations against an employee.
Hawaii 1: Colleen Hanabusa retired to run for Governor of Hawaii.
Illinois 4: Luis Gutiérrez retired.
Maryland 6: John Delaney retired to run for U.S. President.
Massachusetts 3: Niki Tsongas retired.
Michigan 9: Sander Levin retired.
Minnesota 1: Tim Walz retired to run for Governor of Minnesota.
Minnesota 5: Keith Ellison retired to run for Minnesota Attorney General.
Minnesota 8: Rick Nolan retired to run for Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota.
Nevada 3: Jacky Rosen retired to run for U.S. Senator.
Nevada 4: Rubén Kihuen retired due to sexual harassment allegations.
New Hampshire 1: Carol Shea-Porter retired.
New Mexico 1: Michelle Lujan Grisham retired to run for Governor of New Mexico.
Pennsylvania 2: Bob Brady retired after being redistricted from the 1st district.
Texas 16: Beto O'Rourke retired to run for U.S. Senator.
Texas 29: Gene Green retired.
= Republicans
=37 Republicans did not seek re-election.
Vacancies during the 115th Congress that resulted in a special election
= Democrats
=One Democrat resigned and one died.
Michigan 13: John Conyers resigned.
New York 25: Louise Slaughter died.
= Republicans
=Arizona 8: Tent Franks resigned on December 8, 2017.
Ohio 12: Pat Tiberi resigned on January 15, 2018.
Pennsylvania 5: Pat Meehan resigned on April 27, 2018, after being redistricted from the 7th district.
Pennsylvania 7: Charlie Dent resigned on May 12, 2018, after being redistricted to the 15th district.
Texas 27: Blake Farenthold (R) announced his retirement December 14, 2017. He resigned on April 6, 2018.
Utah 3: Jason Chaffetz (R) announced his retirement April 19, 2017. He resigned on June 30, 2017.
Incumbents defeated
= In primary elections
=Democrats
Three Democrats (including one non-voting delegate) lost renomination.
Guam at-large: Delegate Madeleine Bordallo lost renomination to Michael San Nicolas, who went on to win the general election.
Massachusetts 7: Mike Capuano lost renomination to Ayanna Pressley, who went on to win the general election.
New York 14: Joe Crowley lost renomination to Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, who went on to win the general election.
Republicans
Two Republicans lost renomination.
North Carolina 9: Robert Pittenger lost renomination to Mark Harris. A new special election was ordered due to electoral fraud conducted by associates of Republican Harris's campaign.
South Carolina 1: Mark Sanford lost renomination to Katie Arrington, who lost the general election to Joe Cunningham (D).
= In the general election
=Democrats
No Democrats lost re-election to Republicans.
Republicans
Thirty Republicans lost re-election to Democrats.
Open seats that changed parties
= Democratic seats won by Republicans
=Three open Democratic seats were won by Republicans.
Minnesota 1: won by Jim Hagedorn.
Minnesota 8: won by Pete Stauber.
Pennsylvania 14: Conor Lamb instead ran in the 17th district; won by Guy Reschenthaler.
= Republican seats won by Democrats
=Thirteen open Republican seats were won by Democrats.
Arizona 2: won by Ann Kirkpatrick.
California 39: won by Gil Cisneros.
California 49: won by Mike Levin.
Florida 27: won by Donna Shalala.
Michigan 11: won by Haley Stevens.
New Jersey 2: won by Jeff Van Drew, who later became a Republican on December 19, 2019.
New Jersey 11: won by Mikie Sherrill.
New Mexico 2: won by Xochitl Torres Small.
Pennsylvania 5: won by Mary Gay Scanlon.
Pennsylvania 6: won by Chrissy Houlahan.
Pennsylvania 7: won by Susan Wild.
South Carolina 1: won by Joe Cunningham.
Washington 8: won by Kim Schrier.
Open seats that parties held
Vacancies during the 115th Congress that did not result in a special election
3 Republicans, all of whom already announced their retirement, resigned early.
Florida 6: Ron DeSantis resigned on September 10, 2018, retroactive to September 1, to focus on his campaign for Governor of Florida. This seat was then left vacant until the 116th Congress was sworn in on January 3, 2019.
Oklahoma 1: Jim Bridenstine resigned on April 23, 2018, to become head of NASA. This seat was then left vacant until Kevin Hern was sworn in early on November 13, 2018, having won the regularly scheduled November 6, 2018 election for the next full term.
West Virginia 3: Evan Jenkins announced his retirement May 8, 2017, to run for U.S. Senator. He lost the nomination and then resigned September 30, 2018, when appointed to the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia. This seat was then left vacant until the 116th Congress was sworn in on January 3, 2019.
Closest races
Eighty-nine races were decided by 10% or lower.
Election ratings
Special elections
Elections ordered by election date.
Voter demographics
Source: Edison Research exit poll for the National Election Pool
Election dates
For the regularly scheduled November elections.
Alabama
The state congressional delegation remained the same, at 6–1 for Republicans.
Alaska
Republicans maintained control of the sole seat in the state.
Arizona
The state congressional delegation flipped from a 5–4 Republican majority to a 5–4 Democratic majority.
Arkansas
The state congressional delegation remained the same with a 4–0 Republican majority.
California
The Democratic majority increased from 39–14 to 46–7.
Colorado
The state congressional delegation flipped from a 4–3 Republican majority to a 4–3 Democratic majority.
Connecticut
The state congressional delegation remained unchanged at 5–0 Democrats.
Delaware
Democrats retained control of the sole seat in the state.
Florida
The Republican majority was reduced from 16–11 to 14–13.
Georgia
The Republican majority was reduced from 10–4 to 9–5.
Hawaii
Hawaii maintained its 2-0 Democratic hold.
Idaho
Idaho maintained its 2-0 Republican hold.
Illinois
The Democratic majority increased from 11–7 to 13–5.
Indiana
The Republican majority remained at 7–2.
Iowa
Iowa's delegation flipped from a 3–1 Republican majority to a 3–1 Democratic majority.
Kansas
The Republican majority slipped from 4–0 to 3–1.
Kentucky
Republicans maintained their 5–1 majority.
Louisiana
All incumbents were re-elected, and Republicans maintained their 5–1 majority.
Maine
The 1–1 tie became a 2–0 Democratic hold. This was the first use of ranked choice voting to decide a House race.
Maryland
Democrats maintained their 7–1 majority.
Massachusetts
Democrats maintained their 9–0 hold.
Michigan
The delegation flipped from a 9–5 Republican majority to a 7–7 split.
Minnesota
Although half of the seats switched parties, Democrats maintained the same 5–3 majority.
Mississippi
The Republicans maintained their 3–1 majority in the state.
Missouri
The Republicans maintained their 6-2 seat majority.
Montana
Republicans maintained control of the lone house seat.
Nebraska
Republicans maintained their 3–0 majority.
Nevada
Democrats maintained their 3–1 majority.
New Hampshire
The Democrats maintained control of both house seats.
New Jersey
The state congressional delegation changed from 7–5 for Democrats to 11–1 for Democrats.
New Mexico
The state congressional delegation changed from 2–1 for Democrats to all 3 seats controlled by Democrats.
New York
Democrats increased their seat majority in New York's congressional delegation from 18–9 to 21–6.
North Carolina
Due to allegations of electoral fraud, the 116th Congress was sworn in with one seat vacant. On February 21, 2019, a new election was ordered by the state election board.
North Dakota
Republicans maintained control of the sole house seat.
Ohio
The state congressional delegation remained the same at 12–4 for Republicans.
Oklahoma
The state congressional delegation changed from 5–0 for Republicans to a 4–1 Republican majority.
Oregon
The state congressional delegation remained the same, with a 4–1 Democratic majority.
Pennsylvania
As a result of changes in the congressional map, the state congressional delegation changed from a 13–5 Republican majority to a 9–9 split.
Rhode Island
The state congressional delegation remained unchanged at 2–0 for Democrats.
South Carolina
The state congressional delegation changed from 6–1 for Republicans to 5–2 for Republicans.
South Dakota
Republicans retained control of the sole seat in the state.
Tennessee
Republicans maintained their 7-2 seat majority.
Texas
The state congressional delegation changed from a 25–11 Republican majority to a 23–13 Republican majority.
Utah
The state congressional delegation changed from 4–0 for Republicans to a 3–1 Republican majority.
Vermont
The Democrats maintained control of the sole seat in the state.
Virginia
The state congressional delegation flipped from a 7–4 Republican majority to a 7–4 Democratic majority.
Washington
Democrats increased their seat majority from 6–4 to 7–3.
West Virginia
The state congressional delegation remained the same at 3–0 for Republicans.
Wisconsin
Republicans maintained their 5-3 seat majority.
Wyoming
Republicans maintained control of the sole seat in the state.
Non-voting delegates
= American Samoa
== District of Columbia
== Guam
== Northern Mariana Islands
=The election for a non-voting delegate from the Northern Mariana Islands was postponed until Tuesday, November 13, 2018, due to the impact of Typhoon Yutu.
= Puerto Rico
=The Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico is not up for re-election until 2020. Currently held by Republican Jenniffer González, who was first elected in 2016, the Resident Commissioner is the only member of the United States House of Representatives to serve a four-year term.
= United States Virgin Islands
=See also
115th United States Congress
116th United States Congress
List of new members of the 116th United States Congress
2018 United States elections
2018 United States gubernatorial elections
2018 United States Senate elections
Notes
References
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Amerika Serikat
- Ketua Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Amerika Serikat
- Presiden Amerika Serikat
- Daftar negara bagian dan teritori di Amerika Serikat
- Steve Scalise
- Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2016
- Ronny Jackson
- Jamaika
- California
- Stephanie Murphy
- 2018 United States House of Representatives elections
- 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida
- 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa
- 2020 United States House of Representatives elections
- 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in New York
- 2008 United States House of Representatives elections
- 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania
- 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in California
- 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota
- 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas
