- Source: 2024 United States state legislative elections
The 2024 United States state legislative elections were held on November 5, 2024, for 85 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats were up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C., also held elections. The elections take place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.
Prior to the election, Republicans controlled 56 legislative chambers, while Democrats controlled 41. Both chambers of the Alaska Legislature were controlled by bipartisan coalitions. The states of Arizona, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania were expected to hold the most competitive elections for legislative control. Additionally, court-ordered redistricting in Wisconsin was expected to lead to Democratic gains in both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature. Favorable redistricting from Montana's independent redistricting commission was also expected to lead to Democratic gains in that state.
Republicans made very modest gains in state legislative chambers across the country, which were hampered by Democratic redistricting-based gains in states such as Montana and Wisconsin. Republicans only gained full control of the Michigan House of Representatives from Democrats. The net change in chamber control and the net change in seat control were both well below average for state legislative elections during the twenty-first century. Republicans broke the Democratic supermajority in both houses of the Vermont General Assembly and the New York State Senate, while Democrats broke supermajorities in the North Carolina House of Representatives, both chambers of the Montana Legislature, the Ohio House of Representatives, and the Wisconsin Senate.
Control of multiple legislative chambers are still unknown pending recounts and coalition negotiations.
Summary table
Regularly scheduled elections were held in 85 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections were held for 5,809 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Many legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber. The chambers not up for election either hold regularly-scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly scheduled elections in presidential midterm election years.
Note that this table only covers regularly scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.
Election predictions
Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive chambers. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the party, the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each chambers, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that election.
Most election predictors use:
"Tossup": No advantage
"Tilt": Advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
"Lean": Slight advantage
"Likely": Significant, but surmountable, advantage
"Safe" or "Solid": Near-certain chance of victory
State summaries
= Alaska
=Half of the seats of the Alaska Senate and all of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. The Alaska Senate and the Alaska House of Representatives are controlled by coalitions of Democrats, Republicans, and independents. The Alaska House of Representatives and the Alaska Senate are currently the only two state legislative chambers controlled by a cross-partisan coalition.
= Arizona
=All of the seats of the Arizona Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Arkansas
=Half of the seats of the Arkansas Senate and all of the seats of the Arkansas House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= California
=Half of the seats of the California State Senate and all of the seats of the California State Assembly were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Colorado
=Half of the seats of the Colorado Senate and all of the seats of the Colorado House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Connecticut
=All of the seats of the Connecticut State Senate and the Connecticut House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Delaware
=Half of the seats of the Delaware State Senate and all of the Delaware House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats maintained control of both chambers.
= Florida
=Half of the seats of the Florida Senate and all of the seats of the Florida House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Georgia
=All of the seats of the Georgia State Senate and the Georgia House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Hawaii
=Half of the seats of the Hawaii Senate and all of the seats of the Hawaii House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Idaho
=All of the seats of the Idaho Senate and the Idaho House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Conflict within the Idaho Republican Party's freedom caucus and more moderate wing led to a high number of primary challenges. These challenges resulted in modest gains for the freedom caucus, including the ouster of Senate President Pro Tempore Chuck Winder. In the general election, Republicans won a handful of seats from the Democrats, further expanding their supermajorities in both legislative chambers.
= Illinois
=One third of the seats of the Illinois Senate and all of the seats of the Illinois House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Indiana
=Half of the seats of the Indiana Senate and all of the seats of the Indiana House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Iowa
=Half of the seats of the Iowa Senate and all of the seats of the Iowa House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Kansas
=All of the seats of the Kansas Senate and the Kansas House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Kentucky
=Half of the seats of the Kentucky Senate and all of the seats of the Kentucky House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans maintained supermajorities in both chambers with no net change in seat share in either.
= Maine
=All of the seats of the Maine Senate and the Maine House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Massachusetts
=All of the seats of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Michigan
=All of the seats of the Michigan House of Representatives were up for election in 2024; the Michigan Senate did not hold regularly-scheduled elections. Republicans won control of the House from the Democrats, creating a divided government.
= Minnesota
=All of the seats of the Minnesota House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. The Minnesota Senate did not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Missouri
=Half of the seats of the Missouri Senate and all of the seats of the Missouri House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Montana
=Half of the seats of the Montana Senate and all of the seats of the Montana House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. This was be the first election under new legislative lines drawn by an independent, bipartisan commission as Montana does not adopt new legislative lines until 4 years after the census. Aided by the new maps, Democrats broke the Republicans' legislative supermajority in both chambers, although Republicans still maintained control.
= Nebraska
=Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the Nebraska Legislature were up for election in 2024. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates.
= Nevada
=Half of the seats of the Nevada Senate and all of the seats of the Nevada Assembly were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= New Hampshire
=All of the seats of the New Hampshire Senate and the New Hampshire House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.
= New Mexico
=All of the seats of the New Mexico Senate and the New Mexico House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= New York
=All of the seats of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= North Carolina
=All of the seats of the North Carolina Senate and the North Carolina House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= North Dakota
=Half of the seats of the North Dakota Senate and the North Dakota House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Ohio
=Half of the seats of the Ohio Senate and all of the seats of the Ohio House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans maintained control of both chambers, but Democrats made minor gains in each, breaking Republicans' two-thirds supermajority in the House.
= Oklahoma
=Half of the seats of the Oklahoma Senate and all of the seats of the Oklahoma House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Oregon
=Half of the seats of the Oregon State Senate and all of the seats of the Oregon House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= Pennsylvania
=Half of the seats of the Pennsylvania State Senate and all of the seats of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. There was no net change in seat composition in either chamber, leaving Republicans with control of the Senate and Democrats with control of the House.
= Rhode Island
=All of the seats of the Rhode Island Senate and the Rhode Island House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= South Carolina
=All of the seats of the South Carolina Senate and the South Carolina House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= South Dakota
=All of the seats of the South Dakota Senate and the South Dakota House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Tennessee
=Half of the seats of the Tennessee Senate and all of the seats of the Tennessee House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans maintained control of both chambers.
= Texas
=Half of the seats of the Texas Senate and all of the seats of the Texas House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers. Texas House Republicans have experienced considerable intraparty strife over issues such as school vouchers and the 2023 impeachment of Ken Paxton, the state's attorney general. Retirements and primary battles left over 30 seats open for the general election. Republicans made minor gains in both legislative chambers, flipping two House seats and one Senate seat in the heavily Hispanic and historically-Democratic Rio Grande Valley.
= Utah
=Half of the seats of the Utah State Senate and all of the seats of the Utah House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.
= Vermont
=All of the seats of the Vermont Senate and the Vermont House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Republicans made significant gains in both legislative chambers, breaking the Democratic supermajorities in each.
= Washington
=Half of the seats of the Washington State Senate and all of the seats of the Washington House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.
= West Virginia
=Half of the seats of the West Virginia Senate and all of the seats of the West Virginia House of Delegates were up for election in 2024. Republicans expanded their supermajorities in both legislative chambers, flipping three open Democratic-held seats in the general election.
= Wisconsin
=Half of the seats of the Wisconsin Senate and all of the seats of the Wisconsin State Assembly were up for election in 2024. Redistricting ordered by the Wisconsin Supreme Court completely reshuffled the state's legislative districts, leaving dozens of seats across both chambers with no incumbents. The new maps were considered favorable to Democrats than previous maps. Aided by this favorable redistricting, Democrats made significant gains in both legislative chambers, breaking the supermajority in the Senate, though Republicans still maintained legislative control.
= Wyoming
=Half of the seats of the Wyoming Senate and all of the seats of the Wyoming House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. The far-right freedom caucus of the Wyoming Republican Party ousted several incumbents in the Republican primaries. In the general election, despite a Democratic gain in a majority-native district, the freedom caucus won a majority of seats in the House of Representatives. The Republican supermajority in the Senate remained unchanged.
Territorial and federal district summaries
= American Samoa
=All of the seats of the American Samoa Senate and the American Samoa House of Representatives were up for election in 2024. Members of the Senate serve four-year terms, while members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.
= Guam
=All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of Guam were up for election in 2024. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.
= Northern Mariana Islands
=A portion of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate, and all of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives, were up for election in 2024. Members of the Senate serve either four-year terms, while members of the House serve two-year terms.
= Puerto Rico
=All of the seats of the Senate of Puerto Rico and the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico were up for election in 2024. Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives both serve four-year terms.
= U.S. Virgin Islands
=All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of the Virgin Islands were up for election in 2024. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.
= Washington, D.C.
=The Council of the District of Columbia serves as the legislative branch of the federal district of Washington, D.C. Half of the council seats were up for election in 2024. Council members serve four-year terms.
Special elections
There were fifty-four state legislative special elections scheduled for 2024.
= Alabama
== Connecticut
== Florida
== Georgia
== Hawaii
== Illinois
== Kentucky
== Maine
== Massachusetts
== Michigan
== Minnesota
== New Hampshire
== New York
== North Dakota
== Ohio
== Oklahoma
== Pennsylvania
== South Carolina
== Texas
== Utah
== Virginia
== Wisconsin
=See also
2024 United States presidential election
2024 United States Senate elections
2024 United States House of Representatives elections
2024 United States gubernatorial elections
Notes
References
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Senat Amerika Serikat
- Presiden Amerika Serikat
- Britania Raya
- California
- Hansen Clarke
- Qatar
- Steve Scalise
- Johor Bahru
- Oman
- Barack Obama
- 2024 United States state legislative elections
- 2025 United States state legislative elections
- 2024 United States presidential election in Nebraska
- 2024 United States elections
- List of elections in 2024
- 2024 United States presidential election in Arizona
- 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New York
- 2024 United States presidential election
- 2024 United States presidential election in Texas
- 2024 United States presidential election in Maine
