• Source: 5th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)

The 5th Infantry Brigade was a regular infantry brigade of the British Army that was in existence since before the First World War, except for a short break in the late 1970s. It was an Airborne Brigade from the early 1980s until amalgamating with 24th Airmobile Brigade, in 1999, to form 16 Air Assault Brigade.




History


During the Boer War, the 5th Infantry Brigade, known as the Irish Brigade, fought in the Battle of Colenso under Major General Arthur Fitzroy Hart. It consisted of the 1st Royal Dublin Fusiliers, 1st Inniskilling Fusiliers, 1st Connaught Rangers, and the 1st Border Regiment.
Following the end of the Boer war in 1902 the army was restructured, and a 3rd Infantry division was established permanently at Bordon as part of the 1st Army Corps, comprising the 5th and 6th Infantry Brigades.




= World Wars

=
The brigade was part of the 2nd Division during the First World War and was one of the first British units to be sent overseas on the outbreak of war. The brigade became part of the British Expeditionary Force and saw action on the Western Front in the Battle of Mons and the subsequent Great Retreat and at the First Battle of Ypres, which saw the old Regular Army virtually destroyed.

During the Second World War, the 5th Brigade was again part of the 2nd Infantry Division and was sent to France in 1939 shortly after the outbreak of war, where it joined the British Expeditionary Force. It served on the Franco-Belgian border until May 1940, when it was evacuated at Dunkirk after fighting in the short but fierce battles of France and Belgium in which the German Army nearly cut off the entire BEF from the French Army. With the division, the brigade remained in Britain on home defence until 10 April 1942, when it was shipped out to India to fight the Imperial Japanese Army after a series of disasters suffered by the British and Indian troops stationed there. The 5th Brigade served with the 2nd Infantry Division in the Burma Campaign under General Slim's British Fourteenth Army and fought in the Battle of Kohima, which managed to help turn the tide of the campaign in the Far East.




= Post 1945

=
Following the war, it was part of the British Commonwealth Occupation Force in Japan, and then the British Army of the Rhine until 1964, when the Brigade Group was released to bolster the strategic reserve. It arrived in Borneo in October 1965 to take control of the Mid West Sector during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation, but by 1968 it was back in the United Kingdom as part of the 3rd Infantry Division. It did a tour in Northern Ireland during the early part of the Troubles.
In 1979-80 Headquarters 8 Field Force was heavily involved in directing the Commonwealth Monitoring Force during the transition to the newly independent state of Zimbabwe.
In the early 1980s, the Field Force concept was dropped in favour of traditional Brigades; 5th Infantry Brigade was reformed at Aldershot in January 1982 by the redesignation of 8th Field Force. The Brigade consisted of the former elements of the Parachute Contingency Force (PCF) from 6 Field Force (which became the 1st Infantry Brigade), at the time 2 PARA, together with a second Parachute Battalion from 8 Field Force (3 PARA).



Falklands War

The Brigade was sent to the Falklands in 1982 as the follow-on force to 3rd Commando Brigade. Having had its two Parachute Regiment battalions withdrawn to reinforce 3 Commando Brigade, it was hurriedly reconstituted with two Guards battalions pulled from Public duties in London and No. 63 Squadron RAF Regiment, (based at RAF Gütersloh, Germany) initially to provide additional Short Range Air Defence (SHORAD) of land forces landing at San Carlos Water.



5th Airborne Brigade

Following the Falklands War, it was converted into 5th Airborne Brigade by its Commander, Brigadier Tony Jeapes. The brigade consisted of two battalions of the Parachute Regiment, a Gurkha battalion, and a Territorial Army infantry battalion, together with additional parachute support elements and a small parachute deployable Brigade HQ. The 7th Parachute Regiment RHA returned from Germany and was converted to an airborne unit and attached to the brigade. A Brigade Logistic Battalion was formed. On 1 September 1999, the brigade merged with 24 Airmobile Brigade to produce 16 Air Assault Brigade.




Structure






= First World War Order of Battle

=
The brigade was part of 2nd Division. The brigade commanded the following units in the First World War:

2nd Battalion, Worcestershire Regiment (transferred to 33rd Division on 15 December 1915)
2nd Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry
2nd Battalion, Highland Light Infantry
2nd Battalion, Connaught Rangers (transferred to 3rd (Lahore) Division on 26 November 1914)
1/9th Battalion, (Glasgow Highlanders), Highland Light Infantry (November 1914 to January 1916)
2nd Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers (January to July 1915)
1st Battalion, Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment) (July to December 1915)* 1/7th Battalion, King's (Liverpool Regiment) (September to November 1915)
17th (Service) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers (Empire) (December 1915 to February 1918)
24th (Service) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers (2nd Sportsman's) (from December 1915)
5th Machine Gun Company (from 1 January 1916 to 4 March 1918")
5th Trench Mortar Battery (from March 1916")




= Second World War Order of Battle

=
The brigade commanded the following units in the Second World War:

2nd Battalion, Royal Warwickshire Regiment (until 5 February 1940)
2nd Battalion, Dorsetshire Regiment
1st Battalion, Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders
7th Battalion, Worcestershire Regiment (from 5 February 1940)




= Falklands War Order of Battle

=
The final order of battle included:

205 signal squadron HQ, Royal Signals
1st Battalion, Welsh Guards
2nd Battalion, Scots Guards
1st Battalion, 7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles
4th Regiment, Royal Artillery
1 troop of the Blues and Royals
63 Squadron RAF Regiment (SHORAD)




= 5th Airborne Brigade

=
The 5th Airborne Brigade Order of Battle was as follows:

HQ 5 Airborne Brigade
89 Abn Intelligence Section, Intelligence Corps
No.1 Air Force Liaison Section
2 x Parachute Battalions
1 x Infantry Battalion (2nd Battalion The Wessex Regiment (Volunteers). Note that while this was a Territorial Army battalion, it was a resident unit of the brigade, not part of the Territorial Army enhancement described below).
1 x Gurkha Battalion
1 x Armoured Recce Regiment Life Guards/ The Blues & Royals
4th Field Regiment Royal Artillery (1977–1983)
7th Parachute Regiment Royal Horse Artillery (1984 - TBA)
Royal Pioneer Corps
36 Engineer Regiment Royal Engineers
9 Para Squadron RE
20 Sqn RE
50 Field Construction Sqn RE
61 Field Support Sqn RE
216 (Parachute) Signal Sqn Royal Signals
Det 224 Signal Sqn Royal Signals
658 Aviation Sqn Army Air Corps
23 Parachute Field Ambulance Royal Army Medical Corps
160 Provost Company Royal Military Police
613 Tactical Air Control Party (Parachute) RAF Regt
614 Tactical Air Control Party (Parachute) RAF Regt
Logistic Battalion
63 Abn Squadron Royal Corps of Transport/ Royal Logistic Corps
82 Abn Ordnance Company Royal Army Ordnance Corps/ Royal Logistic Corps
10 Abn Workshop Royal Electrical & Mechanical Engineers




Commanders


Commanders included:

September 1911 – 16 September 1914 Brigadier-General Richard Haking
16 September – 20 November 1914 Colonel Claude Berners Westmacott (acting)
20 November – 20 December 1914 Brigadier-General Richard Haking
20 December – 31 December 1914 Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Davies (acting)
31 December 1914 – 13 July 1915 Brigadier-General Augustus Chichester
13 July 1915 – 15 May 1916 Brigadier-General Charles Corkran
15 May 1916 – 25 March 1918 Brigadier-General George Bullen-Smith
25 March – 5 April 1918 Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Pipon (acting)
5 April – 5 October 1918 Brigadier-General William Osborn
5 October – 12 November 1918 Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Pipon (acting)
12 November 1918 – Brigadier-General William Osborn
1938–1941 Brigadier Gerald Gartlan
1941–1942 Brigadier J.R.T. Aldous
1942–1944 Brigadier V.F.S. Hawkins
1944–1945 Brigadier M.M. Alston-Roberts-West
1982–1983 Brigadier Tony Wilson
1983–1985 Brigadier Tony Jeapes




Notes






References






Sources


Delaforce, Patrick (2006). Smashing the Atlantic Wall: The Destruction of Hitler's Coastal Fortresses. Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 978-1844153718.
Van der Bijl, Nick (2014). British Military Operations in Aden and Radfan: 100 Years of British Colonial Rule. Pen & Sword Military. ISBN 9781783032914.
Watson, Graham (2005). Germany: An Organizational History 1947-2004. General Data. ISBN 978-0972029698.




External links


"5 Infantry Brigade". Orders of Battle.com.

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