• Source: Aldol

In organic chemistry, an aldol is a structure consisting of a hydroxy group (-OH) two carbons away from either an aldehyde or a ketone. The name combines the suffix 'ol' from the alcohol and the prefix depending on the carbonyl group, either 'ald' for an aldehyde, or 'ket' for a ketone, in which case it referred to as a 'ketol'. An aldol may also use the term β-hydroxy aldehyde (or β-hydroxy ketone for a ketol). The term "aldol" may refer to 3-hydroxybutanal.
Aldols are the product of a carbon-carbon bond-formation reaction, giving them wide applicability as a precursor for a variety of other compounds.




Synthesis and reactions



Aldols are usually synthesized from an aldol addition reaction using two aldehydes or an aldehyde and a ketone for a ketol. These reactions may also be done intramolecularly to form 5 or 6 member rings or for stereoselective syntheses in the active area of asymmetric synthesis.
Aldols may also undergo a condensation reaction in which the hydroxy group is replaced by a pi bond. The final structure is a reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound, which can also be used in a variety of other reactions:

RC(O)CH2CH(OH)R' → RC(O)CH=CHR' + H2O




Applications


Aldols synthesized from two aldehydes are usually unstable, often producing secondary compounds such as diols, unsaturated aldehydes, or alcohols. Hydroxypivaldehyde is a rare example of a distillable aldol. The aldol 3-hydroxybutanal is a precursor to quinaldine, which is a precursor to the dye quinoline Yellow SS.
Aldols are also used as intermediates in the synthesis of polyketide natural products and drugs such as Oseltamivir and Epothilone.




See also


Aldol reactions




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Reaksi aldol
• Kondensasi aldol
• Adisi aldol Mukaiyama
• Reaksi Aldol-Tishchenko
• Reaksi kondensasi
• Reaksi Cannizzaro
• Karbonil
• Reaksi Perkin
• David A. Evans
• Raspberry ketone
• Aldol
• Aldol condensation
• Aldol reaction
• Aldol reactions
• Mukaiyama aldol addition
• Multiple Michael/aldol reaction
• Enolate
• Modified aldol tandem reaction
• Aldo
• Stork enamine alkylation