• Source: All Yesterdays

All Yesterdays: Unique and Speculative Views of Dinosaurs and Other Prehistoric Animals is a 2012 art book on the palaeoartistic reconstruction of dinosaurs and other extinct animals by John Conway, C. M. Kosemen and Darren Naish. A central tenet of the book concerns the fact that many dinosaur reconstructions are outdated, overly conservative, and inconsistent with the variation observed in modern animals. This focus is communicated through an exploration of views of dinosaurs and related animals that are unusual and sometimes even confusing to viewers, but which are well within the bounds of behaviour, anatomy and soft tissue that we see in living animals.




Overview


The book first recounts the history of changing perceptions of dinosaurs as expressed in artwork. It begins with the sluggish and slow dinosaurs seen in the works of Charles R. Knight, and then continues into analyzing reconstructions after the dinosaur renaissance. It points out that these reconstructions do not take the often bizarre integumentary coverings of living animals into account, and that dinosaurs should be portrayed as natural animals that aren't 'shrink-wrapped' with many of the individual bones visible.
The remainder of the book consists of pictures with accompanying explanatory texts. Each picture displays a hypothetical adaptation that an extinct animal could have possessed, such as a plesiosaur disguised on the seafloor like a wobbegong or something that dinosaurs aren't usually shown doing, such as a sleeping Tyrannosaurus. The texts describe the adaptations or habits and explain why they are plausible. Some of the entries are deliberately made to break a paleoartistic cliché, such as a Tenontosaurus walking alone without a predatory Deinonychus in sight (Tenontosaurus is almost exclusively depicted in dinosaur art as the prey of Deinonychus).
The second and last major section of the book is titled "All Todays", and depicts animals from the present day as if non-human paleontologists from the future were reconstructing them from fossilized skeletons. Some of the creatures are somewhat recognizable, like a vulture depicted with pterosaur-like wings; others are completely unrecognizable, like a rhinoceros reconstructed with no nose horn and a sail instead of a hump. By showing how completely extant animals might be misunderstood if known only from skeletal remains, All Yesterdays shows that our own conceptions of extinct animals are likely equally mistaken.




Reception


Subsequent to its publication, All Yesterdays has proven influential on the modern culture of palaeoart. The book and its associated concepts have sometimes appeared in publications covering the nature, history, and 'best practices' of palaeoart, particularly in the context of emphasizing the need for modern depictions of dinosaurs to be consistent with how living animals look and behave. This 'post modern' approach to palaeoart is thought to be seminal in the modern culture of identifying and subverting overused palaeoart memes and tropes, and may be an accurate reflection of the "contemporary mood of palaeoartists more than any other project."
All Yesterdays has received mostly very enthusiastic reviews from palaeontologists, and is perceived as introducing or popularising a new "third wave" approach to palaeoart after the classical period of Knight, Zallinger, Burian and others, and the more modern work of Bakker, Paul, Henderson and others. For example, John Hutchinson of the Royal Veterinary College wrote "This is a thinking person’s book ... for rumination, to challenge your preconceptions, not to have a flashy coffee table book. It’s not eye candy — it’s more like brain jerky." And Mike Taylor wrote "All Yesterdays is not only the most beautiful but also the most important palaeoart book of the last four decades". Writing for The Guardian, palaeontologist David Hone notes that "... the key point is that they are in many ways no more extreme or unlikely that what we see in living species of birds, mammals and reptiles, and no less plausible than many more 'traditional' views of dinosaurs."




2013 sequel


In 2013, an All Your Yesterdays "crowdsourced" sequel was released, also focusing on speculative aspects of paleoart, which invited "fan works" in the style of All Yesterdays, by various invited hobbyist to professional artists, including established paleoartists.
A creature dubbed "Bearded Ceticaris", conceived by artist John Meszaros as a filter-feeding anomalocarid, was published in All Your Yesterdays as a speculative art concept. In 2014, during a taxonomic study, the actual Cambrian anomalocarid Tamisiocaris was discovered to have been a filter-feeder. In honor of Meszaros's prediction, Tamisiocaris was included in a new clade named the Cetiocaridae. Though, Cetiocaridae would later be renamed Tamisiocarididae in 2019.




See also


Speculative evolution
All Tomorrows




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• All Our Yesterdays (Star Trek: The Original Series)
• Anna Karen Morrow
• Blackmore's Night
• Heart of the Sunrise
• Q Planes
• Natalia Ginzburg
• The Lion Has Wings
• One of Our Aircraft is Missing
• HMS Curacoa (D41)
• Victor Herbert
• All Yesterdays
• All Our Yesterdays
• All Tomorrows
• All Those Yesterdays
• All Our Yesterdays (Star Trek: The Original Series)
• C. M. Kosemen
• All My Yesterdays
• Yesterday
• Yesterday (song)
• All Our Yesterdays (TV series)