• Source: Amitriptyline/perphenazine

Amitriptyline/perphenazine (Duo-Vil, Etrafon, Triavil, Triptafen) is a formulation that contains the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline and the medium-potency typical (first-generation) antipsychotic, perphenazine. In the United States amitriptyline/perphenazine is marketed by Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Remedy Repack Inc.




Medical uses


In the United States amitriptyline/perphenazine is indicated for the treatment of patients with:

Moderate to severe anxiety and/or agitation and depression
Depression and anxiety in association with chronic physical disease
Schizophrenia with prominent depressive symptoms




Adverse effects


Common (>1% incidence) adverse effects include

Sedation
Hypertension
Neurological impairments (such as extrapyramidal side effects which include dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, muscle rigidity, etc.)
Anticholinergic side effects such as:
Blurred vision
Constipation
Dry mouth
Nasal congestion
Increased appetite
Weight gain
Nausea
Dizziness
Headache
Vomiting
Unknown frequency adverse effects include

Diarrhoea
Alopecia
Photophobia
Pigmentation
Eczema up to exfoliative dermatitis
Urticaria
Erythema
Itching
Photosensitivity
Hypersalivation
Hyperprolactinaemia — This may present with the following symptoms:
Galactorrhea
Gynaecomastia
Disturbances in menstrual cycle
Sexual dysfunction
Pigmentation of the cornea and lens
Hyperglycaemia
Hypoglycaemia
Disturbed concentration
Excitement
Anxiety
Insomnia
Restlessness
Nightmares
Weakness
Fatigue
Diaphoresis — excessive/abnormal sweating.
Uncommon/Rare adverse effects include

Tardive dyskinesia, an often irreversible adverse effect that usually results from chronic use antipsychotic medications, especially the high-potency first-generation antipsychotics. It is characterised by slow (hence tardive), involuntary, repetitive, purposeless muscle movements.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a potentially fatal complication of antipsychotic drug use. It is characterised by the following symptoms:
Muscle rigidity
Tremors
Mental status change (e.g., hallucinations, agitation, stupor, confusion, etc.)
Hyperthermia
Autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, high blood pressure, diaphoresis, diarrhoea, etc.)
Urinary retention
Blood dyscrasias, e.g., agranulocytosis (a potentially fatal drop in white blood cell count), leukopaenia (a drop in white blood cell counts but not to as extreme an extent as agranulocytosis), neutropaenia (a drop in neutrophil count), thrombocytopaenia (a dangerous drop in platelet counts), eosinophilia (raised eosinophil count), purpura (the appearance of red or purple discolourations of the skin that do not blanch when pressure is applied)
Hepatitis
Jaundice
Pigmentary retinopathy
Anaphylactoid reactions
Oedema
Asthma
Coma
Seizures
Confusional states
Disorientation
Incoordination
Ataxia
Tremors
Peripheral neuropathy
Numbness, tingling and paresthesias of the extremities
Dysarthria
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
Tinnitus
Alteration in EEG patterns
Paralytic ileus
Hyperpyrexia (elevated body temperature)
Disturbance of accommodation
Increased intraocular pressure
Mydriasis




Pharmacology



Binding affinities (Ki [nM]; for human cloned receptors when available)




See also


Flupentixol/melitracen
Olanzapine/fluoxetine
Tranylcypromine/trifluoperazine




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Amitriptyline/perphenazine
• Amitriptyline
• Perphenazine
• List of antidepressants
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