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Source: Basketball scorekeeping

Points in basketball are used to keep track of the score in a game. Points can be accumulated by making field goals (two or three points) or free throws (one point). The team that has recorded the most points at the end of a game is declared that game's winner.
If a player makes a field goal from within the three-point line, the player scores two points; if that player is fouled in the act of shooting, a made free throw turns it into a three-point play.
If a player makes a field goal from beyond the three-point line, the player scores three points; if that player is fouled in the act of shooting, a made free throw turns it into a four-point play.