- Source: Cameroon Armed Forces
The Cameroon Armed Forces (French: Forces armées camerounaises (FAC)) are the military of the Republic of Cameroon. The armed forces number 40,000 personnel in ground, air, and naval forces. There are approximately 40,000 troops in the army across three military regions. Approximately 1,300 troops are part of the Cameroonian Navy, which is headquartered at Douala. Under 600 troops are part of the Air Force. There is an additional 12,500 paramilitary troops that serve as a gendarmerie (policing force) or reconnaissance role.
The Cameroonian armed forces have bases spread all over Cameroon, including in Ngaoundéré. Air Force bases are located in Garoua, Yaoundé, Douala and Bamenda.
It has generally remained loyal to the government and acted to ensure the stability of the regime, and not acted as an independent political force. Traditional dependence on the French defense capability, although reduced, continues to be the case as French military advisers remain closely involved in preparing the Cameroonian forces for deployment to the contested Bakassi Peninsula.
Army
With over 40,000 troops, the Army remains the most important component in terms of numbers. The Army is under the responsibility of the Chief of Staff, Major-General Nkoa Atenga, whose staff is in Yaoundé.
Currently, the organization dates from 2001 with a distribution in several types of units: combat units, response units (unités d'intervention), unités de soutien et d'appui, and finally special reserve units as part of 3 joint military régions (interarmées) and the 10 military land sectors.
Army units have been trained and equipped to fight in the swampy coastal terrain facing the Bakassi peninsula. Although prepared for an armed conflict with Nigeria in recent years, the Cameroon Army does not have operational experience against other forces, therefore, it is not possible to assess its ability to respond to changing threats and opposing tactics.
Combat units of the army include:
The Headquarters Brigade, located in Yaoundé. This brigade is responsible for protecting the capital and supporting the institutions. The President of the Republic has to allow any of its deployments. The brigade consists of acommand and support battalion; a support battalion; a bataillon honneurs et protection (BHP); and three infantry battalions.
Three command and support battalions;
The Rapid Intervention Battalion (Btaillon d'Intervention Rapide, BIR)
The Rapid Response Brigade (Cameroon) (Brigade d'Intervention Rapide, or also BIR), (which currently has no general staff) and is made up of three rapid response battalions, stationed in Douala, Tiko and Koutaba. These three battalions are respectively the Special Amphibious Battalion (Bataillon Spécial Amphibie; BSA), the Bataillon des Troupes Aéroportées (BTAP), and the Armored Reconnaissance Battalion (Bataillon Blindé de Reconnaissance; BBR) equipped with Type 07P infantry fighting vehicle and PTL-02 tank destroyer bought recently from China. The BSA is inspired by the French Special Forces. This brigade is a tactical battle unit under the authority of the Chief of Staff of the armed forces. For this to be engaged, the President's agreement is necessary.
Five motorised infantry brigades, supposed to be stationed in one military sector but which can then be engaged without any regard to the territorial division of the country. These brigades currently do not have a general staff. In theory, they consist of 11 motorised infantry battalions; 5 support battalions and 3 backing battalions; however, the motorised battalions are in reality not operational due to a lack of staff, equipment and vehicles.
= Organization
=The territory is divided into 5 combined arms military regions (RMIA):
RMIA1 (Yaoundé)
RMIA2 (Douala)
RMIA3 (Garoua)
RMIA4 (Maroua)
RMIA5 (Bamenda)
= 1st Military Region
=11th Ebolowa Brigade:
11th BCS (command and support battalion) in Ebolowa
12th BIM (motorized infantry battalion) in Ebolowa
12th BIM at Djoum
13th BIM at Ambam
11th BA (support battalion) at Sangmélima
12th Bertoua brigade
12th BCS in Bertoua
14th BIM in Bertoua
15th BIM to Yokadouma
16th BIM at Garoua-Boulaï
12th BA in Bertoua
= 2nd Military Region
=Rapid Intervention Brigade
Headquarters at Bafoussam
Special Amphibious Battalion (BSA) at Tiko
Airborne Battalion (BTAP) in Koutaba
Armored Reconnaissance Battalion (BBR) in Douala
21st Motorized infantry brigade of Buéa
21st BCS in Buéa
21 BIM in Buéa
22nd BIM at Mamfé
23rd BIM at Loum
24th BIM at Akwaya
21st BA in Kumba
201st Douala Air Base
21st Air Transport Squadron
211st Transport and Assault Transport Squadron
212nd Transport and Assault Transport Squadron
22nd Air Squadron
221st Transport and Assault Transport Squadron
222nd Reconnaissance Squadron
= Army equipment
=Cameroonian Air Force
The air force has bases in Garoua, Koutaba, Yaoundé, Douala, and Bamenda. The Cameroonian Air Force was founded in 1960, the year of independence from France. There are under 400 troops in the air force. Cameroon's Air Force has 9 combat-capable aircraft.
Cameroon Navy
There are about 1,300 troops in the navy including naval infantry.
= History
=Around May 1999, Philip Njaru wrote a newspaper article where he alleged ill-treatment of civilians conducted by the 21st Navy Battalion based in Ekondo-Titi. In late May Njaru was approached by the local captain who asked Njaru "to stop writing such articles and to disclose his sources". Refusing to do this, Njaru five days later found his house encircled by armed soldiers, and escaped to Kumba. Here, he was assaulted by police in June 2001, with no particular reason stated. Njaru complained to the local authorities, but later learned that "his complaint had not been received".
Cameroon's Marine Nationale République modernised and increased its capabilities during 2000 with the acquisition of a number of small Rodman patrol craft and the retirement of some small older craft. A number of small patrol boats have been acquired or ordered from France. Latest estimates indicate naval strength consists of two combat patrol vessels, three coastal patrol vessels and approximately 30 smaller inshore and river patrol craft allocated to both the navy and the local gendarmerie. These include two 135 tonne Yunnan-class landing craft, which are able to carry and launch smaller craft for troop insertions. Some effort has been made to assess equipment needs to bring L'Audacieux P103 and Bakassi P104 to an effective combat status. This has resulted in weapons capabilities being reduced in favour of an increase in serviceability and the service is now effectively without missile attack capabilities. Bakassi (a Type P 48S missile patrol craft) completed a major refit at Lorient, France in August 1999. This included removing the Exocet missile system and EW equipment, and fitting a funnel aft of the mainmast to replace the waterline exhausts. New radars were also installed. Bakassi is now armed only with 40 mm cannon. Although the Bizerte (P48 large patrol craft) class L'Audacieux is fitted for SS-12M missiles these are not embarked and its operational status is in some doubt, having not been reported at sea since 1995. The Quartier-Maître Alfred Moto patrol boat was listed as out of service in 1991 but has since been reactivated.
= Ships
=List of active ships.
1: DIPIKAR patrol boat (former French navy "Grèbe", upgraded with LYNCEA PATROL CMS) (Gun)
2: FRA P-48 (Gun)
6: Rodman 101/46 (Gun)
1: Quartier class (Gun)
3: Boston Whaler patrol boats
1: Bakassi class patrol boat (P48S type)
1: L’Audacieux class missile FAC (P48 type)
1: Alfred Motto class patrol craft
20: Swiftships type river boats
2: Yunnan landing craft utility
8: Simoneau
2: Aresa 2400 CPV Defender patrol boats
1: Aresa 2300 landing craft
6: Aresa 750 Commandos RIBs
5: 1200 Stealth RIBs
1: 1200 Defcon RIB
2: P108 and P109 patrol boats
Gendarmerie
The Gendarmerie is a paramilitary force composed of about 9,000 soldiers as of 2016. It performs both law enforcement and national security responsibilities across the country. (See Gendarmerie)
Military education
After an initial period of development, training requirements were formalized in an April 1967 per government decree. There was a shortage of Cameroonian instructors at that time. The two educational institutions of the nation are the following:
Combined Services Military Academy (Ecole Militaire Interarmes Camerounaises—EMIAC): It is the interforce academy for officers, being the educational center for future officers of the armed forces and the National Gendarmerie. It was established in 1959 and inaugurated on 18 January 1961. No officers were graduated until 1970. Every graduation of cadets takes place on 18 January.
Non-Commissioned Officer Training School (Ecole des sous officiers du cameroun)
Both commissioned and noncommissioned officers were sent to various military schools in France, Greece, and the Soviet Union. The total number of Cameroonian military cadets with a Russian educational background were few.
References
External links
Military appointments
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Negara Islam Irak dan Syam
- Olimpiade Musim Panas 2012
- Kematian dan pemakaman Pangeran Philip, Adipati Edinburgh
- Cameroon Armed Forces
- President of Cameroon
- Military ranks of Cameroon
- Cameroon Air Force
- Cameroon
- Anglophone Crisis
- Bakassi conflict
- List of militaries by country
- Nigerian Armed Forces
- Operation Bui Clean
