• Source: Communist revolution

A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism. Depending on the type of government, the term socialism can be used to indicate an intermediate stage between capitalism and communism and may be the goal of the revolution, especially in Marxist–Leninist views. The idea that a proletarian revolution is needed is a cornerstone of Marxism; Marxists believe that the workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression to create a world run by and for the working class. Thus, in the Marxist view, proletarian revolutions need to happen in countries all over the world.




Theory


Karl Marx saw revolution as a necessity for communism, where the revolution would be based on class struggle led by the organised proletariat to overthrow capitalism and the bourgeoisie, followed by the establishment of a dictatorship of the proletariat.
Leninism argues that a communist revolution must be led by a vanguard of "professional revolutionaries", men and women who are fully dedicated to the communist cause and who can then form the nucleus of the revolutionary movement. Thus meaning that under Lenin's framework a communist revolution is not necessarily a proletarian revolution. Some Marxists, such as Rosa Luxemburg, disagree with the idea of a vanguard as put forth by Lenin, especially left communists. Another line of criticisms insist that the entire working class—or at least a large part of it—must be deeply involved and equally committed to the socialist or communist cause in order for a proletarian revolution to be successful. To this end, they seek to build massive communist parties with very large memberships.




Communist revolutions and coups throughout history



The following is a list of successful and unsuccessful communist revolutions and coups throughout history. Among the lesser-known revolutions, a number of borderline revolutions have been included which may or may not have been communist revolutions. The nature of unsuccessful revolutions is particularly contentious since one can only speculate as to the kinds of policies that would have been implemented by the revolutionaries had they achieved victory.




= Successful

=

1917–1923: The October Revolution and the subsequent Russian Civil War led to the establishment of the Soviet Union.
1921: The Mongolian Revolution ended imperial Chinese rule over Mongolia and established the Mongolian People's Republic.
1927–1949: The Chinese Communist Revolution led to the establishment of the People's Republic of China and fleeing of the Republic of China to Taiwan.
1941–1945: The Yugoslav People's Liberation War led to the defeat of axis powers in the Balkans, abolishment of the Yugoslav monarchy, and the establishment of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia.
1942–1945: The National Anti-Fascist Liberation Movement in Albania established the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.
1944: The Bulgarian coup d'état led to the immediate abolishment of the Bulgarian monarchy, followed soon after by the establishment of the People's Republic of Bulgaria.
1945: The August Revolution forced Emperor Bảo Đại to abdicate and established the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
1946–1954: First Indochina War
1948: Czechoslovak coup d'état.
1953–1959: The Cuban Revolution overthrew the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista, reestablishing the Republic of Cuba as a socialist state.
1955–1975: Vietnam War
1959–1975: Laotian Civil War
1961–1974: Angolan War of Independence
1961–1979: The Nicaraguan Revolution sees the Sandinistas oust the Somoza government.
1963: Les Trois Glorieuses in Congo-Brazzaville.
1968–1975: Cambodian Civil War
1969: The Corrective Move in South Yemen.
1969: The Somali coup d'état led to the formation of the Somali Democratic Republic.
1972: Mathieu Kérékou leads a military coup in Benin, leading to the creation of the People's Republic of Benin.
1974: Carnation Revolution (while the revolution overthrew the Estado Novo, the demands for a workers' democracy were quashed by the center-left Socialist Party)
1974: The 1974 Ethiopian coup d'état.
1978: The Saur Revolution leads to the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and the start of the Afghan conflict.
1979: The New Jewel Movement overthrow's Eric Gairy's government in Grenada, creating the People's Revolutionary Government.
1983: The Upper Voltan coup d'état led by Thomas Sankara and Blaise Compaoré. Upper Volta was renamed Burkina Faso. Blaise Compaoré led the 1987 Burkina Faso coup d'état, which killed Thomas Sankara and reversed his far-left policies.
1996–2006: Nepalese Civil War.




= Unsuccessful and ongoing

=

1871: Paris Commune
1915–1920: Jungle Movement of Gilan
1916: Easter Rising
1918: Finnish Civil War
1918–1925: Canadian Labour Revolt
1918: Aster Revolution
1918–1919: German Revolution of 1918–19
1918: Red Week
1918: Luxembourg communist revolution
1918–1920: Estonian War of Independence
1919–1923: Irish soviets

1919: Hungarian Soviet Republic
1919: Bender Uprising
1920: Georgian coup attempt
1921: Proština rebellion

1923: September Uprising
1923: Hamburg Uprising
1924: Tatarbunary Uprising
1924: Estonian coup d'état attempt
1932: 1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising
1935: Brazilian communist uprising
1936–1937: Spanish Revolution of 1936
1942–1954: Hukbalahap Rebellion
1946–1949: Greek Civil War
1946–1951: Telangana Rebellion
1948–1949: Jeju uprising
1948–1989: Communist insurgency in Burma
1948–1960: Malayan Emergency
1948: Madiun Affair
1960–1996: Guatemalan Civil War
1962–1990: Communist insurgency in Sarawak
1964–present: Colombian conflict
1965–1983: Communist insurgency in Thailand
1967–present: Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
1968–1989: Communist insurgency in Malaysia
1969–present: New People's Army rebellion
1970: Teoponte Guerrilla
1971: JVP insurrection
1971: Sudanese coup d'état

1972–1974: Araguaia Guerrilla War
1972–present: Maoist insurgency in Turkey
1975: 7 November 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état
1979–1992: Salvadoran Civil War
1980–present: Internal conflict in Peru
1982: Amol uprising
1987–1989: JVP insurrection
2021–2023: Eswatini protests
2021–: Myanmar civil war (2021–present)




= Table of revolutions

=




See also



Class conflict
Communist state
Communist society




Notes






References






= Bibliography

=

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Revolusi Kebudayaan
• Komunisme
• Partai Komunis Indonesia
• Pak Chong-ae
• Wilayah Perbatasan Shaan-Gan-Ning
• Boluan Fanzheng
• Jiang Feng
• Partai Komunis Rumania
• Inkulturasi (Katolik)
• County Yuanqu (Shandong)
• Communist revolution
• Chinese Communist Revolution
• German revolution of 1918–1919
• Chinese Civil War
• October Revolution
• Hungarian Revolution of 1956
• Russian Revolution
• Communist International
• Cuban Revolution
• Communism