• Source: Conditional comment

Conditional comments are conditional statements interpreted by Microsoft Internet Explorer versions 5 through 9 in HTML source code. They can be used to provide and hide code to and from these versions of Internet Explorer. Conditional comments are not supported in Internet Explorer 10 and 11.
Conditional comments in HTML first appeared in Microsoft's Internet Explorer 5 browser, although support has now been deprecated. In Internet Explorer 10, HTML conditional comments are not supported when the page is in standards mode (document mode 10). JScript conditional comments were introduced in Internet Explorer 4, and they continued to be supported in Internet Explorer 10, in standards mode or compatibility mode.




Examples


Here is a simple example that demonstrates how conditional comments work.




Syntax


There are two types of "conditional comments": downlevel revealed, and downlevel hidden.
The basic syntax of each type of comment is shown in the following table. The first comment shown is the basic HTML Comment, which is included for the purpose of comparison and to illustrate the different syntax used by each type of conditional comment.

The HTML shown inside the syntax block in each of the conditional comments denotes any block of HTML content, including script. Both types of conditional comment use a conditional expression to indicate whether the content inside the comment block should be parsed or ignored. The conditional expression is formed from a combination of feature, operator, and/or value, depending on the feature. The following table shows the supported features and describes the values each feature supports.

The following table describes the operators that can be used to create conditional expressions.




= Downlevel-hidden conditional comment

=
Below are two examples of a "downlevel hidden" conditional comment:

or

The directive in the first example will let IE 8 read the specified CSS file, while IE 7 or older IE versions will ignore it. Browsers other than IE will also ignore it because it looks like a standard HTML comment. The tag in the second example will let IE versions 5.0 through 7 read the internal CSS style. With different uses of this tag you can also single out IE 6, IE 5, or versions of IE that are newer (greater) or older (less) than a specified version.




= Downlevel-revealed conditional comment

=
Below is an example of a "downlevel revealed" conditional 'comment', which is not an (X)HTML comment at all, despite the misleading name, using the default Microsoft syntax:

This example shows content that should be exposed only to non-IE browsers, as the condition evaluates to "false" on IE (and hence the content is ignored), while the tags themselves are unrecognized (and hence ignored) on non-IE browsers. This is not valid HTML or XHTML.
Microsoft acknowledges this syntax is not standardized markup, intending these tags to be overlooked by other browsers and expose the content in the middle. In order to ensure compliance with W3C standards, some web developers use an alternative technique for downlevel-revealed conditional comments:

While somewhat confusing in structure, this specific syntax is valid (X)HTML and is useful for conditional sections intended specifically for non-IE browsers; if the condition evaluates to true (for example, if writing code meant to display on non-IE browsers and on some versions of IE), IE will then display the --> present before the HTML content. This problem is easily solved by prepending as follows:

The extra conditional comment is ignored, and if true, the resulting tag is unrecognized and therefore ignored.




= Conditional comments in JScript

=
Starting with Internet Explorer 4, there exists a similar proprietary mechanism for adding conditional comments within JScript, known as conditional compilation.
Code examples:

There were also several predefined variables, though these cannot be relied on any longer as Microsoft altered the JScript engine of IE6 with XP SP3 and it now reports as @_jscript_version == 5.7. As a result, a possible way to detect Internet Explorer version using conditional compilation can be seen below:

However, conditional compilation is no longer supported in Internet Explorer 11 Standards mode.




See also


CSS filter




External links


Conditional Comments in HTML




References

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