- Source: Coventry-class frigate
The Coventry-class frigates were 28-gun sixth rate frigates of the Royal Navy, principally in service during the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War. They were designed in 1756 by Britain's Surveyor of the Navy, Sir Thomas Slade, and were largely modeled on HMS Tartar, which was regarded as an exemplar among small frigates due to its speed and maneuverability. The 1750s were a period of considerable experimentation in ship design, and Slade authorized individual builders to make "such alterations withinboard as may be judged necessary" in final construction.
A total of twelve Coventry-class frigates were built in oak during the Seven Years' War. Eleven of these were ordered from private shipyards and built over the relatively short period of three years; the twelfth was completed following the close of the War in a royal dockyard after its original contractor became bankrupt.
The five vessels in the second batch were built fir hulls rather than oak. The use of fir instead of oak increased the speed of construction but reduced the frigate's durability over time. This batch also differed in external appearance to the oak-built frigates, as they had a square tuck stern. The third and fourth batches returned to oak frames.
More than a quarter-century after the design was produced, two further oak-built ships to this design were ordered to be built by contract in October 1782. One of these was cancelled a year later, when the builder became bankrupt.
Ships
= First batch
== Second batch
=Admiralty's intention for the second batch was for a total of ten frigates, swiftly and cheaply built from fir rather than oak. The design for these vessels was modified to square the stern, increasing stability in rough seas and allowing a marginal improvement in storage capacity. Construction tenders were offered to private shipyards but the proposed prices exceeded Admiralty's budget. The batch was therefore reduced to just five ships, to be built using government labour at the Royal Dockyards. The use of fir significantly reduced construction time from the average nine months for the first batch of oak-hulled frigates to three and a half months for the fir-hulled ships. However the fir timbers were significantly less durable: the four vessels that served without being captured averaged only nine years at sea before being broken up or sold. All of the second batch of vessels were out of service before any of the first batch had been retired. Admiralty returned to using oak-built hulls for all subsequent ships in the Coventry-class.
= Third batch
=9 oak-built ships
Griffin
Ordered: 6 May 1757
Built by: Moody Janvrin, Bursledon.
Keel laid: June 1757
Launched: 18 October 1758
Completed: 13 March 1759 at Portsmouth Dockyard.
Fate: Wrecked off Barbuda 27 October 1761.
Levant
Ordered: 6 May 1757
Built by: Henry Adams, Buckler's Hard.
Keel laid: June 1757
Launched: 6 July 1758
Completed: 16 June 1759 at Portsmouth Dockyard.
Fate: Taken to pieces at Deptford Dockyard in September 1780.
Argo
Ordered: 19 September 1757
Built by: Henry Bird, Rotherhithe.
Keel laid: 22 September 1757
Launched: 20 July 1758
Completed: 29 January 1759 at Deptford Dockyard.
Fate: Taken to pieces at Portsmouth Dockyard in November 1776.
Milford
Ordered: 19 September 1757
Built by: Richard Chitty, Milford.
Keel laid: November 1757
Launched: 20 September 1759
Completed: 28 December 1759 at builder's shipyard.
Fate: Sold at Woolwich Dockyard on 17 May 1785.
Guadeloupe
Ordered: 19 September 1757
(originally ordered from John Williams, Neyland (Pembs.), but the ordered was transferred to Plymouth Dockyard following Williams's bankruptcy in 1758.)
Re-ordered: 29 June 1758
Built by: Plymouth Dockyard.
Keel laid: 8 May 1759
Launched: 5 December 1763
Completed: 11 July 1764.
Fate: Scuttled in York River, Virginia on 10 October 1781, but salved by the French Navy in which service she was maintained until 1786.
Carysfort
Ordered: 4 February 1764
Built by: Sheerness Dockyard.
Keel laid: June 1764
Launched: 23 August 1766
Completed: 11 August 1767
Fate: Sold at Deptford Dockyard on 28 April 1813.
= Final batch
=2 oak-built ships, only 1 completed
Hind
Ordered: 2 October 1782
Built by: Sheerness Dockyard.
Keel laid: February 1783
Launched: 22 July 1785
Completed: 24 November 1787 at Deptford Dockyard.
Fate: Taken to pieces at Deptford Dockyard in July 1811.
Laurel
Ordered: 22 October 1782
Built by: Philemon Jacobs, Sandgate.
Cancelled: 7 October 1783.
References
Bibliography
David Lyon, The Sailing Navy List, Brasseys Publications, London 1993.
Winfield, Rif (2007). British Warships of the Age of Sail 1714–1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth. ISBN 9781844157006..
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