• Source: Dutch jazz

Dutch jazz refers to the jazz music of the Netherlands. The Dutch traditionally have a vibrant jazz scene as shown by the North Sea Jazz Festival as well as other venues.




History






= Early period

=
In the Netherlands jazz began around 1919 to 1921. In the early thirties Paul Whiteman and Duke Ellington would perform in the nation sparking further interest. By the late 1930s the Dutch jazz group The Ramblers performed with Coleman Hawkins among others. The AVRO employed the Dutch Dick Willebrandts between 1937 and 1940 as a pianist with the AVRO Dance Orchestra the bandleader of which was the clarinetist Hans Mossel. Willebrandts also wrote arrangements for the AVRO Dance Orchestra.
Still there was some discomfort with the jazz clubs and fear the musicians would be corrupting on Dutch women. In addition to that the staffs were often Surinamese and racial aspects came into play at times. The clubs also had Surinamese musicians like Teddy Cotton.




= The occupation and WWII

=
At first jazz in the Netherlands was not curtailed by Nazi Germany's occupation. In 1940 the US was not yet at war with Germany so the music was given a degree of freedom. Still restrictions on Jewish musicians had some effect and caused the Ramblers to fire several musicians. In some cases, however, Dutch jazz musicians aided Nazi propaganda at this point.
In March 1941 the Nazis took over the control of the Dutch radio and the AVRO Dance Orchestra was forced to disband. However, Willebrandts was able to continue to perform for the Dutch radio. In 1942 he was able to form a big band, Dick Willebrandts and His Dance Orchestra, which became one of the most popular jazz big bands in the Netherlands. Recordings were made by Decca Records, the label who also sponsored his concert tours in the Netherlands.
The situation began to deteriorate in 1941 as the war with the Soviet Union and then the United States led to restrictions. At first this limited them to performing in theatres and prohibited English-language names for bands. In time groups were forbidden to use the word "jazz" and restrictions grew severe. In some cases musicians adjusted by switching to Polynesian music, but in the case of Jewish musicians life became perilous. Later there would also be repressions of the Surinamese jazz musicians for being "Non-Aryan".




= Post-war

=
Dutch jazz musicians had reflected Americans before the war and this continued to varying degrees until the late 1950s. In the 1970s jazz gained acceptance in Rotterdam, Amsterdam, and government funding. Since then many jazz musicians choose the Netherlands as a place to study or settle. Examples of this include Sean Bergin, Cab Kaye, Wilbur Little, and Michael Moore.




= Styles

=
Dutch jazz includes various styles although avant garde and European free jazz has been significant in the last few decades. In addition to that trad jazz and smooth jazz, the latter perhaps exemplified by Candy Dulfer, also has many adherents. The Netherlands is also home to Stochelo Rosenberg, one of the leading living figures in Gypsy jazz.
The VPRO/Boy Edgar Award is a jazz award from the Netherlands. This prize is given to an individual that must have made significant contributions to the Dutch jazz scene over a significant period of time. In 2008 the prize was given to Pierre Courbois.




Musicians


Rob Agerbeek - pianist
Peter Beets - pianist
Han Bennink - Percussionist
Bert Boeren - Trombonist
Michiel Borstlap - Pianist and composer
Michiel Braam - Pianist and bandleader
Willem Breuker - Bandleader and saxophonist
Bert van den Brink (nl) - Pianist and composer/arranger
Glenn Corneille - Pianist
Pierre Courbois - Drummer
Hans Dulfer - Saxophonist
Candy Dulfer - Saxophonist (Hans Dulfer's daughter)
Max Geldray - Harmonica, comedy
Hein van de Geyn - Double Bassist
Maarten van der Grinten (de) - Guitarist
Richard Hallebeek - Jazz-fusion
Benjamin Herman (Saxophonist) (de)
Jasper van 't Hof - Pianist and bandleader
John Hondorp - Organist
Yuri Honing - Saxophonist
Ilse Huizinga - Singer
Wessel Ilcken (de) (nl) - Drummer
Eric Ineke - Drummer
Greetje Kauffeld - Singer
Tim Kliphuis - Violinist
Frits Landesbergen - Drummer
Erik van der Luijt - Pianist
Rob Madna (nl) - Pianist and composer/arranger
Willem van Manen (de) (nl)- Trombonist, composer, Big Band leader
Johnny Meijer - Accordionist (folk and jazz)
Misha Mengelberg - Pianist and composer
Hans Mossel - Clarinetist, saxophonist and band leader
Piet Noordijk (de) (nl) - Saxophonist
Wim Overgaauw (nl) (de) - Guitarist
Tony Overwater (de) (nl) - Bassist
Lodewijk Parisius - Dutch/Surinamese tenor saxophonist
Rita Reys - Singer
Ernst Reijseger - Cellist
Han Reiziger (nl) - Pianist
Marc van Roon (nl) - Pianist
Toon Roos (de) - Saxophonist
Stochelo Rosenberg - Guitarist
Jesse van Ruller (de) (nl) - Guitarist
Paulus Schäfer (nl)- Guitarist
Marzio Scholten - Guitarist
Cees Slinger (de) - Pianist
Jelle van Tongeren - Violinist
Joe Vanenkhuizen - Accordionist saxophonist and composer
Nelly Verschuur (nl) - Singer
Eric Vloeimans - Trumpeter
Wolter Wierbos - Trombonist
Dick Willebrandts - Piano and big band leader
Diederik Wissels - Piano




= Bands

=
Amsterdam Jazz Quintet - Modern Jazz.
Bik Bent Braam - Experimental big band
Clusone Trio - Modern jazz, free improvisation
Dick Willebrandts and His Dance Orchestra
Dutch Swing College Band - Dixieland revival
New Cool Collective (nl) - Edison Award winners
Johnny & Jones (nl)
The Ploctones (nl)
The Ramblers (nl) - Early Dutch jazz band and the longest surviving big band according to the Guinness World Records
Rosenberg Trio
The Skymasters (nl) - 1940s Big band
Tzigane Swing - Student Jazz Orchestra
Nillihc - acid jazz
MARUTYRI - jazz fusion




See also


Jazz in Belgium




External links


Dutch jazz history site (in Dutch)
Dutch Jazz Connection
Dutch Jazz Agency




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Daniel Sahuleka
• Mary Lou Williams
• Orang Indo
• Daftar tokoh Sulawesi Utara
• Adolf Hitler
• Pat Metheny
• Emily Remler
• Chili
• Sejarah Amerika Serikat
• Daftar alumni Universitas Indonesia
• Dutch jazz
• Dixieland jazz
• Nu jazz
• Dave Holland (bassist)
• List of Dutch musicians
• Jazz
• Bert Boeren
• Candy Dulfer
• Music of the Netherlands
• Caro Emerald