• Source: Edward Bernays

Edward Louis James Bernays (; Jerman: [bɛɐ̯ˈnaɪs]; 22 November 1891 – 9 Maret 1995) adalah seorang pionir Austria-Amerika dalam bidang hubungan masyarakat dan propaganda, merujuk dalam obituarinya sebagai "bapak hubungan masyarakat". Bernays diangkat menjadi salah satu dari 100 orang Amerika paling berpengaruh pada abad ke-20 oleh majalah Life. Ia adalah subyek dari biografi jangka penuh karya Larry Tye berjudul The Father of Spin (1999) dan kemudian sebuah dokumenter tahun 2002 pemenang penghargaan untuk BBC karya Adam Curtis berjudul The Century of the Self.
Kampanye-kampanye paling terkenalnya meliputi sebuah upaya tahun 1929 untuk mempromosikan perempuan perokok dengan rokok-rokok bermerek khusus feminis "Torches of Freedom" dan karyanya pada United Fruit Company berkaitan dengan pelengseran pemerintahan Guatemala pada 1954. Ia bekerja untuk puluha perusahaan Amerika besar yang meliputi Procter & Gamble dan General Electric, dan untuk badan-badan pemerintahan, politikus dan organisasi nirlaba.
Dari beberapa buku buatannya, Crystallizing Public Opinion (1923) dan Propaganda (1928) meraih perhatian khusus sebagai upaya-upaya awal untuk mendefinisikan dan menteorisasikan bidang hubungan masyarakat. Ia banyak mengutip karya-karya dari para penulis seperti Gustave Le Bon, Wilfred Trotter, Walter Lippmann, dan pamannya sendiri Sigmund Freud.




Referensi






= Sumber

=
Bernays, Edward. Biography of an Idea: Memoirs of Public Relations Counsel Edward L. Bernays New York: Simon and Schuster, 1965.
Cutlip, Scott M. The Unseen Power: Public Relations. A History. Hove, UK: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1994. ISBN 0-8058-1465
Ewen, Stuart. PR! A Social History of Spin. New York: Basic Books (Perseus), 1996. ISBN 0-465-06179-6
Marks, Barry Alan. “The Idea of Propaganda in America.” PhD dissertation accepted at the University of Minnesota, 1957.
Olasky, Marvin. “Reception of Edward Bernays’ Doctrine of ‘Manipulating Public Opinion”. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, 6 August 1984; (ERIC).
Olasky, Marvin. “Bringing ‘Order Out of Chaos”: Edward Bernays and the Salvation of Society Through Public Relations”. Journalism History, 12(1), Spring 1985.
Rampton, Sheldon, and John Stauber. Trust Us, We’re Experts! How Industry Manipulates Science and Gambles With Your Future. New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Putnam, 2001. ISBN 1-58542-059-X
Tye, Larry. The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays and the Birth of Public Relations. New York: Crown, 1998. ISBN 0-517-7043-8




= Bacaan tambahan

=
American National Biography v. 2, Oxford University Press, 1999.
John Stauber and Sheldon Rampton, Toxic Sludge Is Good For You: Lies, Damn Lies and the Public Relations Industry
Edward Bernays, Biography of an Idea: Memoirs of a Public Relations Counsel (excerpt )
Curtis, Adam (November 26, 2008). "Century Of Self. 1-1 Happiness Machines". BBC. Diakses tanggal February 12, 2010.
"Freud's Nephew and the Origins of Public Relations". National Public Radio. Diakses tanggal 2010-02-12.
Nimmo, Dan D.; Chevelle Newsome (1997). Political Commentators in the United States in the 20th Century: A Bio-Critical Sourcebook. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. hlm. 1–9. ISBN 0-313-29585-9.
Marvin Olasky column on his interview with Bernays at Townhall.com Diarsipkan 2008-12-07 di Wayback Machine.
Wilfred Trotter (1919). Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War – 4th impression, with postscript. New York, MacMillan.
Stephen Bender. Karl Rove & the Spectre of Freud’s Nephew, LewRockwell.com, 2005-02-04




Pranala luar



Edward L. Bernays papers at Library of Congress (finding aid)
Some Bernays papers at LOC are online as part of “Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy, 1921–1929”.
The Edward L. Bernays papers, 1982–1998 (bulk 1993–1995) Diarsipkan 2017-10-19 di Wayback Machine. are located in the Northeastern University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections Department, Boston, MA.
Torches of Freedom Video Clip
Edward L. Bernays tells the story of "Torches of Freedom" in his own words – video clip −1999 Diarsipkan 2014-07-18 di Wayback Machine.
"Everett Dean Martin and Edward L. Bernays, Are We Victims of Propaganda? (Library of Congress reproduction from The Forum Magazine, March, 1929)". Memory.loc.gov. Diakses tanggal 2010-02-12.
Booknotes interview with Larry Tye on The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays & The Birth of Public Relations, September 20, 1998. Diarsipkan 2014-11-07 di Wayback Machine.
Kemunculan di C-SPAN
Karya Edward L. Bernays di Project Gutenberg
Karya oleh/tentang Edward Bernays di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
LETTER TO MR. EDWARD L. BERNAYS FROM RDP80B01676R003800020083-0 ; “LETTER TO MR. EDWARD L. BERNAYS FROM RDP80B01676R003800020084-9 ”, 1958, Central Intelligence Agency,

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Edward Bernays
• Martha Bernays
• Eva Tanguay
• Ivy Lee
• Hubungan masyarakat
• Aksi publisitas
• Selipan Freudian
• Gustave Le Bon
• Berpikir kritis
• Himpunan (matematika)
• Edward Bernays
• Martha Bernays
• Propaganda (book)
• The Century of the Self
• Bernays family
• Public relations campaigns of Edward Bernays
• Bernays
• The Engineering of Consent
• Crystallizing Public Opinion
• Torches of Freedom