- Source: Foro Italico
Foro Italico is a sports complex in Rome, Italy, on the slopes of Monte Mario. It was built between 1928 and 1938 as the Foro Mussolini (literally Mussolini's Forum) under the design of Enrico Del Debbio and, later, Luigi Moretti. Inspired by the Roman forums of the imperial age, its design is lauded as a preeminent example of Italian fascist architecture instituted by Mussolini. The purpose of the prestigious project was to get the Olympic Games of 1940 to be organised by fascist Italy and held in Rome.
History
The first buildings of the architectural complex were inaugurated on November 4, 1932: they were Palazzo H, the seat of the Fascist School of Physical Education; the so-called "Monolith"; the Stadio dei Marmi; the Stadio dei Cipressi (then Stadio dei Centomila and now Stadio Olimpico).
In 1936 and, subsequently, until 1941, Luigi Moretti - former author of the Accademia di scherma al Foro Italico in the Foro Mussolini - worked out designs that, while incorporating Del Debbio's urban plan, involved an expansion of the Foro towards Tor di Quinto; these designs were never put into practice.
Description
The main entrance of the Foro is south-east, in line with the ponte Duca d'Aosta: here - on a wide avenue entirely covered with a mosaic made of black and white tesserae - rises a huge obelisk 17,5 meters high (excluding the base), carved in Carrara marble, known as Stele Mussolini.
The facility is decorated with statues, donated by the different Italian Provinces and therefore of different authors, which represent various sport activities: for example, the statue dedicated to javelin throw was donated by the Province of Perugia, while the one representing the so-called "ball with the bracelet" (an ancient Renaissance game) is due to the Province of Forlì-Cesena.
Near the Stadio Olimpico rises the Palazzo della Farnesina, the seat of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs since 1959, designed by the architects who won the architectural design competition: Enrico Del Debbio, Arnaldo Foschini, Vittorio Ballio Morpurgo.
The Foro is home to numerous sports venues, such as the largest sports facility in Rome, the Stadio Olimpico, the ornate Stadio dei Marmi and the adjoining building which is the seat of the Italian National Olympic Committee (originally built for the purposes of the Fascist Male Academy of Physical Education). Foro Italico also comprises an aquatics center built for the 1960 summer Olympics, the Stadio del Nuoto ("Swimming Stadium") and a tennis center.
The tennis center, which annually hosts the Italian Open, an ATP Masters 1000 and WTA 1000 event, is an extensive area with a total of 18 clay surface tennis courts, nine of which are used for the Italian Open tournament and the rest for training purposes. There are currently three stadium courts: the main one, Stadio Centrale, was rebuilt for the 2010 tournament and has a capacity of 10,400 spectators; the other grounds are the Stadio Nicola Pietrangeli (formerly Stadio Pallacorda), 3,500 seats, and the Grand Stand Arena.
Foro Italico has hosted important events, most notably the 1960 Summer Olympics. Since 2012, the Stadio Olimpico hosts the home games of the Italy national rugby union team at the Guinness Six Nations. Other live events like music concerts are also held at the various venues in the complex.
= Sports venues
=Stadio Olimpico
Stadio dei Marmi
Stadio Centrale del Tennis
Stadio Olimpico del Nuoto
= International sporting events
=1960, Summer Olympics
1968, UEFA European Football Championship
1974, European Athletics Championships
1980, UEFA European Football Championship
1983, LEN European Aquatics Championships
1987, World Championships in Athletics
1990, FIFA World Cup
1994, World Aquatics Championships
2009, World Aquatics Championships
2011, Beach Volleyball World Championships
2021, Street Skateboarding World Championships
2021, UEFA European Football Championship
2022, LEN European Aquatics Championships
2024, European Athletics Championships
= Walk of fame
=On May 7, 2015 a walk called "The legends of Italian Sport - Walk of fame" has been inaugurated on Viale delle Olimpiadi. On this walk, 100 plaques were set bearing the names of former athletes who wrote the history of national sport chosen by the CONI Athletes Commission.
Many personalities of Italian sport attended at the ceremony, chaired by the President of CONI, Giovanni Malagò. The President announced that in the following years the plates of other former Italian athletes of international importance would be added to the walk.
See also
List of tennis stadiums by capacity
Fascist Male Academy of Physical Education
Opera Nazionale Balilla (ONB)
Gioventù Italiana del Littorio (GIL)
Accademia fascista maschile di educazione fisica
Foro Italico University of Rome
Italian National Olympic Committee (CONI)
References
Bibliography
Marcello Piacentini, Il Foro Mussolini in Roma. Arch. Enrico Del Debbio Archived 2016-06-24 at the Wayback Machine, in "Architettura", February 1933, file II, pp. 65–75
Mario Paniconi, Criteri informatori e dati sul Foro Mussolini Archived 2016-06-24 at the Wayback Machine, in "Architettura", February 1933, file II, pp. 76–89
Organizzazioni e caratteristiche tecniche dell'opera Archived 2016-06-24 at the Wayback Machine, in "Architettura", February 1933, file II, pp. 90–105
Casini-Cortesi, Mariella (November–December 2007). "Le figura femminile del Foro Italico". Monte Mario. 39 (248). Roma: Amici di Monte Mario: 1–4.
External links
Media related to Foro Italico (Rome) at Wikimedia Commons
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