• Source: Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee

Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee (JAFRC) was a nonprofit organization to provide humanitarian aid to refugees of the Spanish Civil War.




History



In 1941, the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee was formed by Lincoln Battalion veterans of the Spanish Civil War to provide aid to refugees Who were Spanish Loyalists from Francoist Spain. It superseded previous groups, including the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy and the American Medical Bureau, the latter of which Barsky had founded in 1936. Specifically, the JAFRC was "dedicated to the rescue and relief of thousands of anti-fascist fighters trapped in Vichy, France, and North Africa' so that they might "return to the active fight against the Axis."
The JAFRC established a fundraising organization, the Spanish Refugee Appeal of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee. Dorothy Parker took charge of the fundraising of the committee, which soon attracted the support of Leonard Bernstein, Albert Einstein, Lillian Hellman, Langston Hughes, and Orson Welles.
In 1942, the committee was licensed to do so in Vichy France by President Franklin Roosevelt's wartime administration and was then granted tax-exempt status.: 70 
In 1946, the committee began to face relentless criticism and scrutiny from federal government organizations. In 1948, the Bureau of Internal Revenue (now known as the Internal Revenue Service) revoked the JAFRC's tax-exempt status. Following this, the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB) attempted to compel the JAFRC to register as a communist front organization.n.
In April 1951, Allan Rosenberg successfully argued for the committee in Anti-Fascist Committee v. McGrath before the US Supreme Court.
In 1955, the committee's board voted to disband.




People






= Leaders

=
According to letterhead dated March 17, 1944, leaders included:

Walter Rautenstrauch, National Honorary Chairman
Edward K. Barsky, National Chairman
Lyman R. Bradley, National Treasurer
Helen R. Bryan, National Secretary
National Sponsors included:

Dr. Comfort A. Adams
Rabbi Michael Aper
Dr. Hery Lambert Bibby
James L. Brewer
Dr. Walter B. Cannon
Prof. Richard T. Cox
Martha Dodd
Julien Duvivier
Dr. Frederick May Eliot
Dr. Henry Pratt Fairchild
Lion Feuchtwanger
Prof. Irving Fisher
Prof. Mitchell Franklin
Rev. Stephen H. Fritchman
Prof. Marion Hathaway
Kenneth Leslie
Princess Helga zu Loewenstein
Dr. Robert Morss Lovett
Prof. Kirtley F. Mather
Philip Merivale
Rt. Rev. Edward L. Parsons
Prof. Renato Poggioli
Dr. Francis M. Pottenger
Paul Robeson
Prof. Harlow Shapley
Dalton Trumbo
Dame May Whitty
Dr. Max Yergan




= Members

=
Moses Fishman
Mark Straus MD
Arthur Szyk (alleged)




= Spanish Refugee Appeal supporters

=

Appeal Officers:

Pablo Picasso, Honorary Chair
Dorothy Parker, Chairman
National Sponsors included:

Rev. Dr. Charles B. Ackley
Lemuel Ayers
Aline Bernstein
Leonard Bernstein
Alvah Bessie
Lyman R. Bradley
Dorothy Brewster
Arthur G. Brodeur
Henrietta Buckmaster
Rabbi Elliott Burstein
Allan Chase
Edward Chodorov
John M. Coffee
Rabbi J. X. Coeh
Charles A. Collins
Eugene P. Connolly
Kyle Crichton
Bartley C. Crum
Bernard Davidoff
Agnes George De Mille
Mrs. George Adams Dewey
Earl B. Dickerson
Dean Dixon
Martha Dodd
Olin Downes
Muriel Draper
Albert Einstein
Rabbi Mitchel S. Eskolsky
Philip Evergood
Henry Pratt Fairchild
L.S. Fanning
Howard Fast
Lion Feuchtwanger
Louis Finger
Elizabeth P. Frazier
Rve. Stephen Fritchman
Betty Garrett
Frank Gervasi
Elinor S. Gimbel
Rabbi Solomon Goldman
Robert Gordis
William Gropper
Chaim Gross
Ralph H. Grundlach
Richard Gump
Ralph Gundlach
Marion Hathaway
Rita Hayworth
Lillian Hellman
Libby Holman
Langston Hughes
Walter Huston
Stanley M. Isaacs
Mrs. Sydney Joseph
Barney Josephson
Rober W. Kenny
Rockwell Kent
Fiske Kimball
Arthur Kober
Alfred Kreymborg
Canada Lee
M.V. Leof
Kenneth Leslie
Ray Lev
Walter H. Leibman
Daniel A. Longbaker
Louis Lozowick
Florence J. Luscomb
Richard Lyndon
Louis F. McCabe
John T. McManus
Rev. Dr. John D. Mackay
Manuel Magana
Albert Maltz
Alfred T. Manacher
Richard Maney
Heinrich Mann
Thomas Mann
Alicia Markova
George Marshall
Kirtley F. Mather
F.O. Matthiesen
Rev. William Howard Melesh
Yehudi Menuhin
Saul Mills
James K. Moffitt
Pierre Monteux
Karen Morley
William Morris Jr.
Zero Mostel
Jarmila Novotná
Michael J. Obermeier
Harvey O'Connor
Eugene O'Neill
Isabel de Palencia
Aubrey Pankey
Beryl Parker
Edward L. Parsons
J. Gilbert Peirce
Gerry Pelles
Gregor Piatigorsky
David de Sola Pool
Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
Walter Rautenstrauch
Anton Refregier
John Reiner
Quentin Reynolds
Paul Robeson
William M. Rubin
Mrs. Maurice Bower Saul
Jimmy Savo
Geoges Schreiber
Hazel Scott
Anna Seghers
Lisa Sergio
Harlow Shapley
Sol Silverman
Hilda Simms
Edgar Snow
Moses Soyer
Johannes Steel
Vilhjalmur Stefansson
Mark Straus
Jack Strauss
Arthur Szyk
Genevieve Tabouis
Dalton Trumbo
M.S. Vidaver
Harry F. Ward
Morris Watson
Margaret Webster
Orson Welles
Mrs. Philip E. Wilcox
Mitchell Wilson
Carl Zigrosser
Leane Zugsmith




See also


Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath
North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy
American Medical Bureau
Lincoln Battalion




References






External sources


Yale University Archives
Digital Commonwealth

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath
• Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee
• Harold H. Burton
• Edward K. Barsky
• Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations
• Howard Fast
• Sherman Minton
• Berlin Wall
• New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
• Richard Collins (screenwriter)