- Source: List of ecoregions in the United States (EPA)
This list of ecoregions in the United States provides an overview of United States ecoregions designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC). The CEC was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The Commission's 1997 report, Ecological Regions of North America, provides a framework that may be used by government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and academic researchers as a basis for risk analysis, resource management, and environmental study of the continent's ecosystems. In the United States, the EPA and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) are the principal federal agencies working with the CEC to define and map ecoregions. Ecoregions may be identified by similarities in geology, physiography, vegetation, climate, soils, land use, wildlife distributions, and hydrology.
The classification system has four levels, but only Levels I and III are on this list. Level I divides North America into 15 broad ecoregions; of these, 12 lie partly or wholly within the United States. Fifty Level II regions were created to allow for a narrower delineation of Level I areas. Three level I areas were not subdivided for level 2. Level III subdivides the continent into 182 smaller ecoregions; of these, 104 lie partly or wholly with the United States. Level IV is a further subdivision of Level III ecoregions. Level IV mapping is still underway but is complete across most of the United States. For an example of Level IV data, see List of ecoregions in Oregon and the associated articles. The classification system excludes the U.S. state of Hawaii, which is not part of the North American continent.
Ecoregions in the United States
= Marine West Coast Forest
=1 Coast Range
2 Puget Lowland
3 Willamette Valley
111 Ahklun Mountains and Kilbuck Mountains
113 Alaska Peninsula Mountains
115 Cook Inlet
119 Pacific Coastal Mountains
120 Coastal Western Hemlock-Sitka Spruce Forests
The corresponding CEC ecoregion in Canada is called the Pacific Maritime Ecozone.
= Western Forested Mountains
=4 Cascades
5 Sierra Nevada
9 Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills
11 Blue Mountains
15 Northern Rockies
16 Idaho Batholith
17 Middle Rockies
19 Wasatch and Uinta Mountains
21 Southern Rockies
41 Canadian Rockies
77 North Cascades
78 Klamath Mountains
105 Interior Highlands
116 Alaska Range
117 Copper Plateau
118 Wrangell Mountains
The corresponding CEC ecoregion in Canada is called the Montane Cordillera Ecozone.
= Mediterranean California
=6 Southern and Central California Chaparral and Oak Woodlands
7 Central California Valley
8 Southern California Mountains
= North American Deserts
=10 Columbia Plateau
12 Snake River Plain
13 Central Basin and Range
14 Mojave Basin and Range
18 Wyoming Basin
20 Colorado Plateaus
22 Arizona/New Mexico Plateau
24 Chihuahuan Deserts
80 Northern Basin and Range
81 Sonoran Basin and Range
= Temperate Sierras
=23 Arizona/New Mexico Mountains
= Great Plains
=25 Western High Plains
26 Southwestern Tablelands
27 Central Great Plains
28 Flint Hills
29 Central Oklahoma/Texas Plains
30 Edwards Plateau
31 Southern Texas Plains
40 Central Irregular Plains
42 Northwestern Glaciated Plains
43 Northwestern Great Plains
44 Nebraska Sand Hills
46 Northern Glaciated Plains
47 Western Corn Belt Plains
48 Lake Agassiz Plain
The corresponding name in Canada for the same ecoregion is the Prairies Ecozone.
= Eastern Temperate Forest
=These forests stretch from the Southern Appalachians towards Canada, up to the northern Midwest. For a general description of these forests, refer to Temperate Deciduous Forest. The standard reference is The Deciduous Forest of Eastern North America. The adjoining forests in Canada are generally referred to as the Mixedwood Plains Ecozone or the Great Lakes-St.Lawrence Forest Region.
32 Texas Blackland Prairies
33 East Central Texas Plains
34 Western Gulf Coastal Plain
36 Ouachita Mountains
37 Arkansas Valley
38 Boston Mountains
39 Ozark Highlands
51 North Central Hardwood Forests
52 Driftless Area
53 Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains
54 Central Corn Belt Plains
55 Eastern Corn Belt Plains
56 Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains
57 Huron/Erie Lake Plains
58 Northeastern Highlands
59 Northeastern Coastal Zone
60 Northern Appalachian Plateau and Uplands
61 Erie Drift Plain
63 Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain
64 Northern Piedmont
65 Southeastern Plain
66 Blue Ridge
67 Ridge and Valley
68 Southwestern Appalachians
69 Central Appalachians
70 Western Allegheny Plateau
71 Interior Low Plateaus
72 Interior River Valleys and Hills
74 Mississippi Valley Loess Plains
82 Laurentian Plains and Hills
83 Eastern Great Lakes and Hudson Lowlands
84 Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens
= Northern Forests
=49 Northern Minnesota Wetlands
50 Northern Lakes and Forests
58 Northeastern Highlands
62 North Central Appalachians
The corresponding name in Canada for the same ecoregions are the Boreal Shield and the Atlantic Maritime Ecozones.
= Tropical Wet Forests
=76 Southern Florida Coastal Plain
= Southern Semi-Arid Highlands
=79 Madrean Archipelago
= Taiga
=101 Arctic Coastal Plain
102 Arctic Foothills
103 Brooks Range
104 Interior Forested Lowlands and Uplands
106 Interior Bottomlands
107 Yukon Flats
108 Ogilvie Mountains
= Temperate coniferous forest
=35 South Central Plains
45 Piedmont
63 Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain
65 Southeastern Plains
73 Mississippi Alluvial Plain
74 Mississippi Valley Loess Plains
75 Southern Coastal Plain
= Tundra
=109 Subarctic Coastal Plains
110 Seward Peninsula
112 Bristol Bay-Nushagak Lowlands
114 Aleutian Islands
Listings by state
List of ecoregions in California
List of ecoregions in Illinois
List of ecoregions in Indiana
List of ecoregions in Louisiana
List of ecoregions in Minnesota
List of ecoregions in Oregon
List of ecoregions in Wisconsin
See also
Ecoregions defined by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation and partner agencies:
List of ecoregions in North America (CEC)
Ecozones of Canada
The conservation group World Wildlife Fund maintains an alternate classification system:
List of terrestrial ecoregions (WWF)
List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)
List of ecoregions in Canada (WWF)
References
External links
State maps of US Level III Ecoregions (Select a state. Then select "Level III Ecoregions")
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- List of ecoregions in the United States (EPA)
- List of ecoregions in the United States (WWF)
- Lists of ecoregions
- List of North American deserts
- Lists of ecoregions in the United States
- List of ecoregions in Indiana
- Columbia Plateau (ecoregion)
- Northern Lakes and Forests (ecoregion)
- List of ecoregions in Illinois
- Ozark Highlands (ecoregion)
