- Source: List of inorganic pigments
The following list includes commercially or artistically important inorganic pigments of natural and synthetic origin.
Purple pigments
Aluminum pigments
Ultramarine violet (PV15): a synthetic or naturally occurring sulfur containing silicate mineral.
Copper pigments
Han purple: BaCuSi2O6.
Cobalt pigments
Cobalt violet (PV14): Co3(PO4)2.
Manganese pigments
Manganese violet: NH4MnP2O7 (PV16) manganic ammonium pyrophosphate.
Gold pigments
Purple of Cassius: Gold nanoparticles suspended in tin dioxide - Aux • SnO2.
Arsenic pigments
London purple As2O3.
Blue pigments
Aluminum pigments
Ultramarine (PB29): a synthetic or naturally occurring sulfur containing silicate mineral - Na8–10Al6Si6O24S2–4 (generalized formula)
Persian blue: made by grinding up the mineral Lapis lazuli. The most important mineral component of lapis lazuli is lazurite (25% to 40%), a feldspathoid silicate mineral with the formula (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,SO4,Cl)1–2.
Cobalt pigments
Cobalt blue (PB28): cobalt(II) aluminate.
Cerulean blue (PB35): cobalt(II) stannate.
Cerium uranium blue
Copper pigments
Egyptian blue: a synthetic pigment of calcium copper silicate (CaCuSi4O10). Thought to be the first synthetically produced pigment.
Han blue: BaCuSi4O10.
Azurite: cupric carbonate hydroxide (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2).
Basic copper carbonate: Cu2(OH)2CO3.
Iron pigments
Prussian blue (PB27): a synthetic inert pigment made of iron and cyanide: C18Fe7N18.
Manganese pigments
YInMn Blue: a synthetic pigment discovered in 2009 (YIn1−xMnxO3).
Manganese blue: barium manganate(VI) sulfate.
Green pigments
Arsenic Pigments
Scheele's Green: yellowish-green pigment commonly used during the early to mid-19th century (AsCuHO3)
Paris Green: It was manufactured in 1814 to be a pigment to make a vibrant green paint
Cadmium pigments
Cadmium green: a light green pigment consisting of a mixture of cadmium yellow (CdS) and chrome green (Cr2O3).
Chromium pigments
Chrome green (PG17): anhydrous chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3).
Viridian (PG18): hydrated chromium(III) oxide Cr2O3 • xH2O.
Cobalt pigments
Cobalt green: also known as Rinman's green or zinc green (CoZnO2).
Copper pigments
Malachite: cupric carbonate hydroxide (Cu2CO3(OH)2).
Scheele's Green (also called Schloss green): cupric arsenite (CuHAsO3).
Other pigments
Green earth: also known as terre verte and Verona green (K[(Al,Fe3+),(Fe2+,Mg](AlSi3,Si4)O10(OH)2).
Yellow pigments
Arsenic pigments
Orpiment: natural monoclinic arsenic sulfide (As2S3).
Bismuth pigments
Primrose yellow (PY184): bismuth vanadate (BiVO4).
Cadmium pigments
Cadmium yellow (PY37): cadmium sulfide (CdS), which also occurs as the mineral greenockite.
Chromium pigments
Chrome yellow or crocoite (PY34): lead chromate (PbCrO4).
Cobalt pigments
Aureolin or cobalt yellow (PY40): potassium cobaltinitrite (K3Co(NO2)6).
Iron pigments
Yellow ochre (PY43): a naturally occurring clay of monohydrated ferric oxide (Fe2O3·H2O).
Lead pigments
Naples yellow (PY41).
Lead-tin-yellow: PbSnO4 or Pb(Sn,Si)O3.
Strontium pigments
Strontium yellow (PY32): SrCrO4
Titanium pigments
Titanium yellow (PY53): NiO·Sb2O3·20TiO2
Tin pigments
Mosaic gold: stannic sulfide (SnS2).
Zinc pigments
Zinc yellow (PY36): zinc chromate (ZnCrO4), a highly toxic substance with anti-corrosive properties which was historically most often used to paint over metals.
Orange pigments
Bismuth pigments
Bismuth vanadate orange (PO86): non-toxic pigment similar to vermilion.
Cadmium pigments
Cadmium orange (PO20): an intermediate between cadmium red and cadmium yellow: cadmium sulfoselenide.
Chromium pigments
Chrome orange: a now obscure pigment composed of a mixture of lead chromate and lead(II) oxide (PbCrO4•PbO).
Red pigments
Arsenic pigments
Realgar: As4S4 - a highly toxic natural pigment.
Cadmium pigments
Cadmium red (PR108): cadmium sulfo-selenide (Cd2SSe).
Cerium pigments
Cerium sulfide red (PR265).
Iron oxide pigments
Sanguine, Caput mortuum, Indian red, Venetian red, oxide red (PR102).
Red ochre (PR102): anhydrous Fe2O3.
Burnt sienna (PBr7): a pigment produced by heating raw sienna.
Lead pigments
Minium (pigment): also known as red lead, lead tetroxide, Pb3O4.
Mercury pigments
Vermilion or cinnabar (PR106): HgS.
Brown pigments
Clay earth pigments (naturally formed iron oxides)
Raw umber (PBr7): a natural clay pigment consisting of iron oxide, manganese oxide and aluminum oxide: Fe2O3 + MnO2 + nH2O + SiO2 + Al2O3. When calcined (heated) it is referred to as burnt umber and has more intense colors.
Raw sienna (PBr7): a naturally occurring yellow-brown pigment from limonite clay. Used in art since prehistoric times.
Black pigments
Carbonaceous pigments
Carbon black (PBk7).
Ivory black (PBk9).
Vine black (PBk8).
Lamp black (PBk6).
Iron pigments
Mars black or Iron black (PBk11) (C.I. No.77499) Synthetic magnetite Fe3O4.
Manganese pigments
Manganese dioxide: blackish or brown in color, used since prehistoric times (MnO2).
Titanium pigments
Titanium black: Titanium(III) oxide (Ti2O3).
White pigments
Antimony pigment
Antimony white: antimony(III) oxide (Sb2O3).
Barium pigments
Barium sulfate (PW5 or baryte): barium sulfate (BaSO4).
Lithopone: BaSO4•ZnS.
Lead pigment
Cremnitz white (PW1): basic lead(II) carbonate ((PbCO3)2·Pb(OH)2).
Titanium pigment
Titanium white (PW6): titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2).
Zinc pigments
Zinc white (PW4): zinc oxide (ZnO).
Sachtolith: zinc sulfide (ZnS).
Fluorescent pigments
Uranium salts.
Safety
A number of pigments, especially traditional ones, contain heavy metals such as lead, mercury, and cadmium that are highly toxic. The use of these pigments is now highly restricted in many countries.
See also
List of dyes
Blue pigments
Green pigments
Red pigments
References
External links
"Mineral Paints" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Biru Prusia
- Seng sulfida
- Bismut
- Seng oksida
- Bakteri
- Tembaga
- Mangan
- Kromium
- Unsur golongan 7
- List of inorganic pigments
- Cadmium pigments
- Manganese violet
- Cobalt green
- Minium (pigment)
- Azurite
- Naples yellow
- Prussian blue
- Aureolin
- Lithopone
