• Source: List of military legions

This list of military legions is in chronological order where possible. In modern times, most units using the name "military legions" were composed of soldiers from a specific ethnic, national, religious or ideological background, and that background is often specified in the legion's name. Since the Napoleonic Wars, many countries have used the term "legionnaire" to refer to recruits who are neither citizens nor imperial subjects of the government whose military they enter. These governments often, but do not always, group these foreign recruits into specific units that bear the name "legion."




Ancient Rome


List of Roman legions
Theban Legion, a Roman legion whose members, according to a long-lasting tradition, were massacred for their Christian beliefs




18th century


Western Legion and Eastern Legion, Greek rebel forces under Russian command in the Orlov Revolt (1770)
Lee's Legion (1776–83), an infantry and cavalry unit of the American Continental Army
Armand's Legion (1778–83), an American dragoon unit
British Legion (American Revolution) (1778–83), made up of Loyalist American infantry and cavalry
Lauzun's Legion (1778–82), a composite corps of the French Army comprising cavalry, infantry and artillery elements, mostly recruited from foreign mercenaries
Jamaica Legion, fighting on the British side in the American War of Independence, involved in the San Juan Expedition (1780).
Pulaski's Legion (1778–80), one of the few cavalry regiments in the American Continental Army, later merged into Armand's Legion
Legion of the United States (1792–96), an early United States land force commanded by Anthony Wayne
French Revolutionary Legion of the Mississippi, a French commissioned force of Americans commanded by George Rogers Clark




= French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

=
Légion des Allobroges, Swiss, Piedmontese, and Savoyard supporters of the French Revolution
Batavian Legion, Dutch supporters of the French Revolution in 1793
Belgian Legion (1792), Liégeois Legion, and Legion of Belgians and Liégeois: Belgian volunteers fighting on the side of the Republicans in the French Revolution
Irish Legion, a French battalion established in 1803 for a future invasion of Ireland
King's German Legion, British units of expatriate German personnel that fought against the French during the Napoleonic Wars
La Legion Noire (The Black Legion), a military unit of the French Revolutionary Army
Polish Legions (Napoleonic period), Polish units in the service of Napoleonic France
Russian–German Legion, Germans (as well as Dutch and Belgians) in the service of Tsarist Russia




19th century


Belgian Legion, the name of several units of Belgian volunteers who fought in various 19th century conflicts
British Legions, foreign volunteer units, established in 1819, who fought against Spain in South America's independence wars
British German Legion, a group of German soldiers recruited to fight for Britain in the Crimean War, 1855–1856
Greek Legion (Septinsular Republic), a Septinsular Republic unit active between 1805 and 1807, taking part in the War of the Third Coalition and the Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)
Royal Foreign Legion (Légion royal étrangère), infantry corps of mostly German mercenaries forming part of the restored French Bourbon army in 1815, renamed the Hohenlohe Regiment after 1821
British Legion (1835), officially the Auxiliary Legion, a British military force sent to Spain to support the Liberals and Queen Isabella II against the Carlists in the First Carlist War
Italian Legion, commanded by Garibaldi in the Uruguayan Civil War
Academic Legion (Vienna), a revolutionary students' group in Vienna in 1848
Academic Legion (Lviv), Polish nationalist students at the University of Lviv in 1848
Greek Volunteer Legion, helping Russia in the Crimean War
International Legion, a military force formed by Garibaldi in 1860 during the wars of Italian unification
The British Legion (1860) British contingent of the above
Nauvoo Legion, a significant militia in early Mormon history
List of American Civil War legions, both Confederate and Union
Guelphic Legion, Hanoverian paramilitary unit supporting George V, deposed king of Hanover, from 1866 to 1870
Carabinieri legions, the regional units of the Italian gendarmerie, established following the unification of the country.




20th century






= World War I

=
Czechoslovak Legions, Czech and Slovak volunteer forces fighting on the Allied Powers side
French Armenian Legion, part of the French Army; also involved in the Franco-Turkish War of 1918–21
Georgian Legion (1914–1918), a unit of the German Army recruited from Georgians
Infantry Regiment of the Academic Legion, formed by volunteer Polish students in 1918, later taken into the regular Polish Army
Italian Legione Redenta, an Italian military formation that participated in the Siberian Intervention during the Russian Civil War
Jewish Legion, in the British Army at Gallipoli and Palestine
Polish Legion in Finland, fighting for the Finns against the Russians
Polish Legions in World War I, part of the Austro-Hungarian Army
Puławy Legion, a Polish formation that was part of the Imperial Russian Army
Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, a corps of the Austro-Hungarian Army




= Interwar period

=
2nd Legions Infantry Division (Poland), elite unite of the Polish Army, mostly composed of veterans of the Polish Legions in World War I
Condor Legion, a unit of "volunteers" from the German Luftwaffe serving with the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War
British Legion Volunteer Police Force, a short-lived police force established in response to the outcome of the Munich Agreement in September 1938
Aviazione Legionaria, Italian air force in the Spanish Civil War




= World War II

=
Czechoslovak Legion opposing the Germans in Poland, 1939
Note: Except for the above, all World War II legions fought on the German side.

Free Arabian Legion, Arab volunteers, notably from Iraq, and North Africa fighting on the German side.
Armenian or Armenische Legion, name given to the 812th Armenian Battalion of the German Army, made up largely of Armenian Red Army prisoners of war
Azerbaijani Legion (Azerbaijan legion), made up largely of Azerbaijani Red Army prisoners of war
Blue Legion, Spanish volunteers fighting against the Soviet Union on the Eastern Front
Crna Legija (Black Legion), the name given to the 1st and 5th Croatian Ustaše Brigades
Croatian Legion
Croatian Air Force Legion
Croatian Anti-Aircraft Legion
Croatian Naval Legion
Estonian Legion, a unit in the Waffen SS created in 1942, mainly consisting of Estonian soldiers
Flemish Legion (Dutch: Vlaams Legioen), recruited among Dutch-speaking volunteers from German-occupied Belgium, notably from Flanders.
Walloon Legion (French: Légion Wallonie), recruited among French-speaking volunteers from German-occupied Belgium.
Légion française des combattants (French Legion of Fighters), a pro-Nazi Vichy French unit
Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism (LVF), pro-Nazi French
Georgian Legion (1941–1945), a unit of the German army recruited from Georgians
Indische Legion, also known as the Free India Legion or Tiger Legion, an Indian unit raised in 1941 and attached to the German Army
Latvian Legion, a formation of the Waffen-SS created in 1943 and consisting primarily of ethnic Latvians
Legion of St. George, the original name of the British Free Corps
Ostlegionen (literally "Eastern Legions"), conscripts and volunteers from the occupied eastern territories recruited into the German Army
La Légion Tricolore, a pro-Nazi French unit which was absorbed into the LVF after six months
Volga Tatar Legion, one of several units formed by the Wehrmacht out of Soviet prisoners of war according to their ethnicity




= Other

=
Arab Legion (al-Jaysh al-Arabī) (1920–56), the regular army of Transjordan, predecessor of the present Jordanian Army
Foreign legion (disambiguation)
French Foreign Legion, a unit of the French Army mainly composed of foreigners wishing to fight for France (1831–present)
Polish Legions (disambiguation), eleven units at different times between the 18th and 20th centuries (some of which are listed separately above)
Spanish Legion, an elite unit of the Spanish Army (1920–present)




21st century


International Legion of Territorial Defence of Ukraine, a volunteer foreign legion military unit created by the Government of Ukraine to fight in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine




See also


National Legion, a far right Belgian paramilary and political movement in the 1920s and 1930s, headed by Paul Hoornaert
Légion Belge, a far right but anti-Nazi World War II Belgian Resistance movement
White Legion, a Georgian guerrilla group in Abkhazia after the Georgian regular army's defeat in the War in Abkhazia
Caribbean Legion, active in Central American politics of the 1950s




References






External links

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Adolf Hitler
• List of military legions
• List of Roman legions
• Roman legion
• Polish Legions in World War I
• Legion of Honour
• Polish Legions (Napoleonic era)
• Eight Legions
• List of Roman army unit types
• 1st Legions Infantry Division (Poland)
• French Legion