• Source: List of the first women holders of political offices in Europe

This is a list of political offices which have been held by a woman, with details of the first woman holder of each office. It is ordered by the countries in Europe and by dates of appointment. Please observe that this list is meant to contain only the first woman to hold of a political office, and not all the female holders of that office.




Albania






= People's Socialist Republic

=
Member of Parliament – Naxhije Dume, Liri Gega and Ollga Plumbi – 1946
Minister of Culture, Education and Science – Nexhmije Hoxha – 1946
Member of the Praesidium of the People's Republic of Albania – Liri Belishova – 1950
Chairperson of the State-Planning Committee in the Council of Ministers – Petra Dode – 1972
Minister of Agriculture – Themie Thomai – 1975
President of the Praesidium of the People's Republic of Albania – Mine Guri – 1978
Minister of Light Industry – Esma Ulqinaku – 1982
Minister for Light- and Food Industry – Vito Kapo – 1982




= Republic

=
Foreign Minister – Arta Dade – 2001
Deputy Prime Minister – Ermelinda Meksi – 2003
Chairwoman of the Parliament – Jozefina Topalli – 2005
European Integration Minister – Majlinda Bregu – 2005
Defence Minister – Mimi Kodheli – 2013
Education and Sport Minister – Lindita Nikolla – 2013
Minister of Economy – Milva Ekonomi – 2015
Minister of Justice – Etilda Gjonaj – 2017




Andorra






= National level

=
Councillor/Parliamentarian – Mercè Bonell – 1984
Cabinet minister - Minister for Public Service – Mercé Sansa Renyer – 1985
Mayor of Andorra la Vella – Conxita Mora Jordana – 1999
Representative of the French Co-Prince of Andorra – Emmanuelle Mignon – 2007
Speaker of the Parliament – Roser Suñé Pascuet – 3 May 2019




= Individual ministries

=
Secretary General of Tourism and Sport – Monserrat Roncheras Santacreu – 1985
Secretary General of the Conceil Generall – Susangna Arasanz Serra – 1991
Minister for Education, Sport and Youth – Rosa Maria Mandico Alcobe – 1994
Minister of Finance – Susangna Arasanz Serra – 1994
Secretary of State for Health in the Ministry of Health and Welfare – Lidia Magallon Font – 1995
Secretary of State of Agriculture – Olga Adellach Coma – 1997
Minister of Agriculture and Environment – Olga Adellach Coma – 1998
Minister of Health and Welfare – Mònica Codina Tort – 2001
Foreign Minister – Meritxell Mateu i Pi – 2007




Armenia






= Kingdom of Armenia

=
Monarch — Erato of Armenia – 1st century BC & first half of 1st century




= First Republic of Armenia

=
Member of Parliament — Katarine Zalyan-Manukyan — 1919
Member of Parliament — Perchuhi Partizpanyan-Barseghyan — 1919
Member of Parliament — Varvara Sahakyan — 1919




= Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

=
Deputy Premier Minister – Rema Khristoforovna Svetlova – 1975
Minister of Trade – Nina Asmayan – 1991




= Republic of Armenia

=
Ombudsman – Larisa Alaverdyan – 1 March 2004
Minister of Culture — Hasmik Poghosyan – 8 June 2007
Minister of Diaspora — Hranush Hakobyan – 1 October 2008
Deputy President of National Assembly —Hermine Naghdalyan – 31 May 2012
Leader of Prosperous Armenia Political Party – Naira Zohrabyan – 5 March 2015
Minister of Justice — Arpine Hovhannisyan – 4 September 2015
Minister of Culture — Lilit Makunts — 12 May 2018 (Pashinyan government)
Minister of Labor and Social Affairs — Mane Tandilyan — 12 May 2018 (Pashinyan government)




Austria






= Imperial

=
Monarch – Maria Theresia of Austria – 1740




= Republic

=
Member of Parliament – Anna Boschek – 1919
President of the Bundesrat – Olga Ruder-Zeynek – 1927
Understate secretary for Food – Helene Postranecky – 1945
Government Minister (Minister of Social Affairs) – Grete Rehor – 1966
Minister for Foreign Affairs – Benita Ferrero-Waldner – 2000
Mayor of Innsbruck – Hilde Zach – 2002–2011
Minister for Justice – Karin Gastinger – 2004
European Commissioner for Trade and European Neighbourhood Policy – Benita Ferrero-Waldner – 2009
Chancellor of Austria – Brigitte Bierlein – 2019




Azerbaijan






= Soviet Socialist Republic

=



National level

Cabinet Minister – Ayna Sultanova – 1938
Deputy Premier Minister – Tahira Tahirova – 1963
Vice-President – S.M. Mamedaliyeva – 1963
Chairwoman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet – Elmira Gafarova – 1989
Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan – Elmira Gafarova – 1990



Individual ministries

Minister of Justice – Ayna Sultanova – 1938
Chairperson of the Committee for Science and Technology at the Council of Ministers – Tahira Tahirova – 1957
Minister of Education – Sakina Aliyeva – 1958
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Tahira Tahirova – 1959
Minister of Higher and Special Education – Zuleikha Ismail-Kyzy Guseinova – 1965
Minister Social Affairs – L.P. Lykova – 1965
Head of the Central Committee Department of Agriculture – L.D. Radzhabova – 1971
Minister of Public Service/Consumers Protection – Zuleikha Mageran Kyzy Gasanova – 1974
Minister of Trade – Svetlana Chingvitz-Kyzy Kasimova – 1979
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Elmira Gafarova – 1983




= Republic

=
Chairwoman of the National Assembly – Elmira Gafarova – 1991
Secretary of State – Lala Shevket – 1993
Minister of Justice – Südaba Hasanova −1995
Vice President of Azerbaijan – Mehriban Aliyeva – 2017




Belarus






= Soviet Socialist Republic

=
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet – Nadezhda Grigoryevna Grekova – 1938
Public Commisar of Education – Evdokiya Ilinichna Uralova – 1938
Deputy Premier Minister for Culture – Nina Leonovna Snezhkova – 1970
Minister of Food Industry – Ionna A. Stavrovskaia – 1980




Belgium


Monarch (Count of Flanders) – Margaret I – 1191
Governor (Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands) – Margaret of Austria – 1507




= Kingdom

=



National level

Member of Parliament (Senate) – Marie Janson – 1921
Mayor – Léonie Keingiaert de Gheluvelt, (Gheluvelt) – 1921
Member of Parliament (Chamber of Representatives) – Lucie Dejardin – 1929
Cabinet minister – Family and Housing – Marguerite De Riemaecker-Legot – 1965
Party leader of major political party – Antoinette Spaak – 1977
Deputy Prime Minister – Laurette Onkelinx & Isabelle Durant – 1999
President of the Senate – Anne-Marie Lizin – 2004
Prime Minister – Sophie Wilmès – 2019



Individual ministries or regions

Minister for Flemish Affairs – Rika De Backer – 1974
Mayor of Antwerp – Mathilde Schroyens – 1977
Secretary of State for Brussels Region – Lydia De Pauw – 1979
Secretary of State for the Dutch-speaking Community – Rika Steyeart – 1979
Secretary of State for Environment and Social Emancipation – Miet Smet – 1985
Secretary of State for Pensions – Leona Detiège – 1988
Minister for Budget – Wivina Demeester – 1991
Minister for Employment and Labour – Miet Smet – 1992
Minister of Health – Laurette Onkelinx – 1992
Minister-President of the French Community – Laurette Onkelinx – 1993
Minister for Social Affairs – Magda De Galan – 1994
Minister of Transport – Isabelle Durant – 1999
Minister of Justice – Laurette Onkelinx – 2003
President of the Parliament of the French Community – Isabelle Simonis – 2004
President of the Flemish Parliament – Marleen Vanderpoorten – 2006
European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs, Skills and Labour Mobility – Marianne Thyssen – 2014




Bosnia and Herzegovina


Serb Member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina – Željka Cvijanović – 2022
Chairwoman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina – Željka Cvijanović – 2022
Chairwoman of the Council of Ministers – Borjana Krišto – 2023




= Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

=
President – Borjana Krišto – 2007
Mayor of Sarajevo – Semiha Borovac – 2005




= Republika Srpska

=



National level

Cabinet minister – Finance – Petra Marković – 1992
President – Biljana Plavšić – 1996
Vice President of Parliament – Nada Tešanović – 2006
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economic relations and Regional cooperation – Jasna Brkić – 2006
Prime Minister – Željka Cvijanović – 2013



Individual ministries

Minister of Finance – Svetlana Cenić – 2004
Minister of Self-government – Lejla Rešić – 2010
Minister of Tourism and Trade – Gorana Zlatković – 2010
Minister of Sport and youth – Nada Tešanović – 2010
Minister of Justice – Biljana Marić – 2001
Minister of Justice (Republika Srpska) – Gorana Zlatković – 2011
Minister of Planning, Civil Engineering and Ecology – Srebrenka Golić – 2010
Minister of Economic regional relations – Željka Cvijanović – 2010
Minister of Tourism and Trade – Maida Ibširagić Hrstić – 2013




Bulgaria






= Kingdom

=
Regent – Maria Palaiologina Kantakouzene – 1271 or Irene Komnene of Epirus – 1246 (disputed)




= People's Republic

=
Minister of Posts, Telegraphs and Telephones – Tsola Dragoycheva – 1947
Deputy Minister of Finance – Vera Lukanova – 1954
Member of the Politburo – Nadya Zenuka Vasileva Zhikova – 1961
Minister, Chairperson of the Commission for Light Industry – Dora Pavlova – 1963
Minister of Justice – Svetla Daskalova – 1966
Minister of Culture - Lyudmilla Zhivkova - 1975
Minister of Education - Drazha Deleva Vulcheva - 1977




= Republic

=
Prime Minister (acting) – Reneta Indzhova – 1994
Foreign minister (acting) – Irina Bokova – 1996
European Commissioner for Consumer Protection – Meglena Kuneva – 2007
President of the National Assembly – Tsetska Tsacheva – 2009
Mayor of Sofia – Yordanka Fandakova – 2009




Croatia






= Kingdom

=
Regent (for Stjepan Držislav) – Jelena of Zadar, Queen of Croatia – 969 (disputed)




= Socialist Republic of Croatia

=
Finance Minister – Anka Berus – 1945
Prime minister – Savka Dabčević-Kučar – 1967
President of the Presidency – Ema Derossi-Bjelajac – 1985




= Republic

=



National level

Cabinet minister – Minister for Education – Vesna Girardi-Jurkić – 1992
President of County house of Parliament (Senate) – Katica Ivanišević – 1994
Vice Prime Minister – Ljerka Mintas-Hodak – 1995
Prime Minister – Jadranka Kosor – 2009
President – Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović – 2015



Individual ministries

Minister for Building and Construction – Marina Matulović-Dropulić – 1995
Mayor of Zagreb – Marina Matulović-Dropulić – 1996
Minister for European Integration – Ljerka Mintas-Hodak – 1998
Minister for Science – Milena Žic-Fuchs – 1999
Minister for Health – Ana Stavljenić-Rukavina – 2000
Minister for Tourism – Pave Župan-Rusković – 2000
Minister for Justice – Ingrid Antičević-Marinović – 2001
Minister for Defence – Željka Antunović – 2002
Minister without portfolio – Gordana Sobol – 2002
Minister for Foreign Affairs – Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović – 2005
Minister for Finance – Martina Dalić – 2010




Cyprus






= Kingdom

=
Regent – Alice of Champagne – 1218
Monarch – Charlotte of Cyprus – 1458




= Republic

=
Member of the Turkish Communal Chamber – Kadriye Hulusi Hacıbulgur – 1960
Minister of Justice and Public Order – Stella Soulioti – 1960
Member of the House of Representatives – Ayla Halit Kazım – 1963
Mayor of Nicosia – Eleni Mavrou – 2006
Foreign Minister – Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis – 2007
European Commissioner for Education, Culture, Multilingualism and Youth – Androulla Vassiliou – 2010




= Northern Cyprus

=
unrecognized, secessionist state

Minister of Economy and Finance – Onur Boman – 1993
Prime Minister – Sibel Siber – 2013
Foreign Minister – Emine Çolak – 2015




Czech Republic






= Duchy of Bohemia

=
Regent – Ludmila of Bohemia, Duchess Regent of Bohemia – 921




= Kingdom of Bohemia

=
Monarch – Maria Theresa – 1740




= Czechoslovakia (1918–1992)

=



National level

Members of the first National Assembly: – Božena Ecksteinová, Anna Chlebounová, Irena Káňová, Františka Kolaříková, Luisa Landová-Štychová, Alice Masaryková, Eliška Purkyňová, Božena Viková-Kunětická, Ludmila Zatloukalová-Coufalová, Františka Zeminová – 1918
Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly – Anežka Hodinová-Spurná – 1945
Minister of Industry – Ludmila Jankovcová – 1947
Deputy Prime Minister – Ludmila Jankovcová – 1954
Speaker of the Chamber of People of the Federal Assembly – Soňa Pennigerová – 1969
Deputy Speaker of the Chamber of People of the Federal Assembly – Eva Železníková – 1986
Deputy Speaker of the Chamber of Nations of the Federal Assembly – Blanka Hyková – 1989



Individual Ministries

Minister of Consumer Industry – Božena Machačová-Dostálová – 1954
Minister of Post and Telecommunication – Růžena Urbánková – 1969
Minister of State Audit – Květoslava Kořínková – 1989




= Czech Republic (1992–onward)

=



National level

Deputy Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies – Petra Buzková – 1996
Vice-President of the Senate – Jaroslava Moserová – 1996
Cabinet minister – Minister of Justice – Vlasta Parkanová – 1997
President of the Senate – Libuše Benešová – 1998
Vice-President of the Senate – Alena Gajdůšková – 2008
Governor - Plzeň Region – Milada Emmerová – 2008
Deputy Prime Minister – Vlasta Parkanová – 2009
Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies – Miroslava Němcová – 2010
Mayor of Prague (capital) – Adriana Krnáčová – 2014
European Commissioner for Justice and Consumers – Věra Jourová – 2014



Individual ministries or regions

Minister of Health – Zuzana Roithová – 1998
Minister of Education, Youth and Sport – Petra Buzková – 2002
Minister of Information Technologies – Dana Bérová – 2005
Minister of Agriculture – Milena Vicenová – 2006
Minister of Culture – Helena Třeštíková – 2007
Minister of Defense – Vlasta Parkanová – 2007
Minister without Portfolio – Džamila Stehlíková – 2007
Governor of Ústí nad Labem Region – Jana Vaňhová – 2008
Minister of Environment – Rut Bízková – 2010
Governor of Central Bohemian Region – Zuzana Moravčíková – 2012
Minister of Labour and Social Affairs – Ludmila Müllerová – 2012
Minister of Regional Development – Věra Jourová – 2014
Governor of Karlovy Vary Region – Jana Vildumetzová – 2016




Denmark






= National level

=
Regent – Margaret Sambiria – 1259
Monarch – Margaret I – 1387
Cabinet minister – Education – Nina Bang – 1924
Speaker of the Landsting, Chamber of Parliament – Ingeborg Hansen – 1950
European Commissioner for the Environment – Ritt Bjerregaard – 1995
Lord Mayor of Copenhagen – Ritt Bjerregaard – 2006
Prime Minister – Helle Thorning-Schmidt – 2011
Speaker of the Folketing – Pia Kjærsgaard – 2015




= Individual ministries or regions

=
Minister without portfolio – Fanny Jensen – 1947
Minister for Justice – Helga Pedersen – 1950
Ministry for Justice (Hjørring Retskreds) – Anne Mette Ovesen – 2003
Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs – Bodil Koch – 1950
Mayor of Stege: Eva Madsen (1950)
Minister for Trade – Lis Groes – 1953
Minister for Economy – Marianne Jelved – 1993
Minister of Finance – Pia Gjellerup – 2000
Minister for Agriculture and Food – Mariann Fischer Boel – 2002
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Lene Espersen – 2010




= Faroe Islands

=
Minister of Economy, Statistics, Transport and Justice – Jóngerð Purkhús – 1989–1991
Prime Minister – Marita Petersen – 1993
Speaker of the Løgting – Marita Petersen – 1994
High Commissioner – Vibeke Larsen −1995




= Greenland

=
Foreign minister – Aleqa Hammond – 2007
Speaker of the Inatsisartut – Ruth Heilmann – 2008
High Commissioner – Mikaela Engell – 2011
Prime Minister – Aleqa Hammond – 2013




Estonia






= Danish Estonia

=
Regent – Margaret Sambiria of Denmark – 1259




= Swedish Estonia and Livonia

=
Monarch – Christina of Sweden – 1632




= Autonomous Governorate of Estonia

=
Member of the Provincial Assembly – Anna Leetsmann – 1917




= Republic of Estonia

=
Members of the Constituent Assembly – Emma Asson-Petersen, Marie Helene Aul, Minni Kurs-Olesk, Alma Ostra-Oinas, Johanna Päts, Helmi Press-Jansen and Marie Reisik – 1919
Members of the Riigikogu – Emma Asson-Petersen and Alma Ostra-Oinas – 1920
Members of the National Assembly – Linda Marie Eenpalu and Alma Jeets – 1937
Member of National Council (Second Chamber) – Linda Marie Eenpalu – 1938




= Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic

=
Minister of Social Welfare – Olga Lauristin – 1944
Minister of Social Security – Erna Visk – 1958
Minister of Public Service – Meta Vannas (Jangolenko) – 1967
Minister of Education – Elsa Gretškina – 1985
Party leader – Lagle Parek of the National Independence Party – 1988
Minister of Social Welfare – Siiri Oviir – 1990




= Estonian Government in Exile

=
Minister without portfolio (in Exile) – Renate Kaasik – 1971
Secretary of State (in Exile) – Katrin Nyman-Metcalf – 1990
Minister of Justice (in Exile) – Aino Lepik von Wirén – 1990




= Republic of Estonia

=




= International level

=
European Commissioner – Kadri Simson – 2019



National level

Minister of Internal Affairs – Lagle Parek – 1992
Mayor of Tallinn – Ivi Eenmaa – 1995
County Governor (Tartu County) – Eha Pärn – 2003 (acting governor until 2004)
President of the Riigikogu – Ene Ergma – 2003
President – Kersti Kaljulaid – 2016
Election-winning party leader – Kaja Kallas of the Estonian Reform Party – 2019
Prime Minister – Kaja Kallas – 2021



Individual ministries

Minister of Social Affairs – Marju Lauristin – 1992
Minister of Reforms – Liia Hänni – 1994
Minister of Economic Affairs – Liina Tõnisson – 1995
Minister of Culture – Signe Kivi – 1999
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Kristiina Ojuland – 2002
Minister of Education – Mailis Rand – 2002
Mayor of Tartu – Laine Jänes – 2003
Minister of Agriculture – Ester Tuiksoo – 2004
Members of the European Parliament – Marianne Mikko and Siiri Oviir – 2004
Minister of Population Affairs – Urve Palo – 2007
Minister of Environment – Keit Pentus – 2011
Minister of Foreign Trade and Entrepreneurship – Anne Sulling – 2014
Minister of Finance – Maris Lauri – 2014
Chancellor of Justice – Ülle Madise – 2015
Minister of Entrepreneurship – Ülle Madise – 2015
Minister of Social Protection – Signe Riisalo – 2021




Finland






= Swedish Realm

=
Regent – Ingeborg of Norway – 1319
Monarch – Margaret I – 1389
Governor of Turku – Ebba Stenbock (acting interim governor) – 1597




= Grand Duchy

=
Member of Parliament – Miina Sillanpää, Alli Nissinen, Hilma Räsänen, Ida Aalle-Teljo, Anni Huotari, Mimmi Kanervo, Hilja Pärssinen, Maria Raunio, Jenny Upari, Eveliina Ala-Kulju, Hedvig Gebhard, Liisi Kivioja, Iida Vemmelpuu – 1907




= Republic

=



National level

Minister of Social Affairs – Miina Sillanpää – 1926
Deputy Prime Minister of Finland – Tyyne Leivo-Larsson – 1958
Mayor of Loviisa – Birgitta Landgren – 1973
Governor of Lapland – Hannele Pokka – 1994
Speaker of the Parliament – Riitta Uosukainen – 1995
President – Tarja Halonen – 2000
Prime Minister – Anneli Jäätteenmäki – 2003
Mayor of Tampere – Anna-Kaisa Ikonen – 2013



Individual ministries

Minister without portfolio – Hertta Kuusinen – 1948
Education Minister – Kerttu Saalasti – 1954
Minister of Justice – Inkeri Anttila – 1975
Minister of Commerce and Industry – Pirkko Työläjärvi – 1981
Minister of Interior – Kaisa Raatikainen – 1984
Defence minister – Elisabeth Rehn – 1990
Minister of Environmental Affairs – Sirpa Pietikäinen – 1991
Foreign minister – Tarja Halonen – 1995
Minister of Transport – Tuula Linnainmaa – 1995
Mayor of Helsinki – Eva-Riitta Siitonen – 1996
Minister of Labour – Sinikka Mönkäre – 1999
Minister of Health and Social Services – Eva Biaudet – 1999
Minister of Culture – Suvi Lindén – 1999
Minister of Agriculture – Sirkka-Liisa Anttila – 2007
Finance minister – Jutta Urpilainen – 2011



Åland

Lantråd (Premier) – Viveka Eriksson – 2007
Minister of Migration and European Affairs for Åland Islands – Astrid Thors – 2007–2011
Member of Parliament in the Åland Islands – Elisabeth Nauclér – 2007




France






= National level

=
Regent – Anne of Kiev – 1060
Minister of Health – Germaine Poinso-Chapuis – 1947 (first government minister; Simone Veil who held the portfolio between 1974 and 1979 is often incorrectly cited as the first officeholder)
Prefect – Yvette Chassagne (Loir-et-Cher) – 1981
Mayor of Strasbourg – Catherine Trautmann – 1989
European Commissioner for Taxation and Customs Union, Audit and Anti-Fraud – Christiane Scrivener – 1989
Prime Minister – Édith Cresson – 1991
Mayor of Paris – Anne Hidalgo – 2014
President of the National Assembly of France – Yaël Braun-Pivet – 2022




= Individual ministries or regions

=
Undersecretary of State for national education – Cécile Brunschvicg – 1936
Undersecretary of state for Public Health – Suzanne Lacore – 1936
Undersecretary of state for Science – Irène Joliot-Curie – 1936
Minister of Labour – Martine Aubry – 1997
Minister of Culture – Catherine Trautmann – 1997
Minister of Justice – Élisabeth Guigou – 1997
Mayor of Lille – Martine Aubry – 2001
Minister of Defence – Michèle Alliot-Marie – 2002
Mayor of Montpellier – Hélène Mandroux – 2004
Minister of the Overseas – Brigitte Girardin – 2002
Minister of the Interior – Michèle Alliot-Marie – 2007
Minister of Finance – Christine Lagarde – 2007
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Michèle Alliot-Marie – 2010
Mayor of Nantes – Johanna Rolland– 2014
Minister of Education – Najat Vallaud-Belkacem – 2014
Mayor of Marseille – Michèle Rubirola– 2020




Georgia






= Kingdom

=
Regent – Mariam of Vaspurakan – 1027
Monarch – Tamar – 1178–1210




= Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic

=
Minister of Trade – Zinaida Arsen'evna Kvachadze – 1957
Minister of Education – Tamar Lashkarashvili – 1960
Deputy Premier – Victoria M. Siradze – 1962
Vice-President – Tamar Lashkarashvili – 1979




= Republic

=
Speaker of the Georgian Parliament – Nino Burjanadze – 2003 – 2004 and 2007
President (acting) – Nino Burjanadze – 2003
Minister for Foreign Affairs – Salomé Zurabishvili – 2004
Minister of Economic Development – Ekaterine Sharashidze – 2008
Minister of Defense – Tina Khidasheli – 1 May 2015



Abkhazia

Minister of Justice – Liudmila Khojashvili – 2005




Germany






= Holy Roman Empire

=
Regent – Adelaide of Italy and Theophanu (co-regents) – 983




= Weimar Republic

=
Weimar National Assembly – 36 women, among them being Marie Baum, Marie Juchacz, Louise Schroeder – 1919




= Allied Occupation

=
Mayor of Berlin – Louise Schroeder – 1947




= Democratic Republic

=
Member of the Presidium of the Volkskammer – Friedel Malter – 1948
Minister of Justice – Hilde Benjamin – 1953
President of the Volkskammer and Acting Head of state – Sabine Bergmann-Pohl – 1990




= Federal Republic (West)

=
State secretary of Youth and Family Affairs – Gabriele Wülker – 1957
Minister of Health – Elisabeth Schwarzhaupt – 1961
President of the Bundestag – Annemarie Renger – 1972




= Federal Republic (United)

=
Minister of Justice – Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger – 1992
Minister-President of any German state – Heide Simonis (of Schleswig-Holstein) – 1993
European Commissioner for Regional Policy – Monika Wulf-Mathies – 1994
Mayor of Frankfurt – Petra Roth – 1995
Chancellor – Angela Merkel – 2005
Minister of Defence – Ursula von der Leyen – 2013
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Annalena Baerbock – 2021




Greece






= Kingdom

=
Regent – Amalia of Oldenburg – 1850
Member of Parliament – Eleni Skoura – 1953
Mayor (Corfu)– Maria Desylla-Kapodistria – 1953
Government minister and Minister for Social Welfare – Lina Tsaldari – 1956




= Republic

=



National level

Minister for Culture – Melina Mercouri – 1981
European Commissioner for Employment and Social Affairs – Anna Diamantopoulou – 1999
Mayor of Athens – Dora Bakoyannis – 2003
President of Parliament – Anna Psarouda-Benaki – 2004
Prime Minister (acting, not elected) – Vassiliki Thanou-Christophilou – 2015
President – Katerina Sakellaropoulou – 2020



Individual ministries

Minister of Justice – Anna Benaki-Psarouda – 1992
Minister of Education and Religious Affairs – Marietta Giannakou-Koutsikou – 1993
Minister for Environment – Vassiliki "Vaso" Papandreou – 1999
Minister for Foreign Affairs – Dora Bakoyannis – 2006
Minister for Tourism – Fani Palli-Petralia – 2006




Hungary






= Kingdom

=
Regent – Helena of Serbia, Queen of Hungary – 1141
Monarch – Mary of Hungary – 1382
Member of Parliament – Margit Slachta – 1920




= People's Republic

=
Minister of Health – Anna Ratkó – 1950
Minister of Light Industry - Józefné Nagy/ Nagy Jolán Szanka - 1955
Minister of Education – Valéria Benke – 1958
Speaker of the National Assembly – Erzsébet Metzker Vass – 1963
Deputy Premier Minister – Csehák Judit – 1984
Minister of Social Affairs and Health – Csehák Judit – 1987




= Republic

=
Minister for Justice – Ibolya Dávid – 1998
Minister for Interior – Mónika Lamperth – 2002
Minister for Equality – Katalin Lévai – 2004
Foreign Minister – Kinga Göncz – 2006
Health Minister – Ágnes Horváth – 2007
Minister of National Development – Zsuzsanna Németh – 2011
President – Katalin Novák – 2022




Iceland






= Kingdom

=
Member of a City Council – Bríet Bjarnhéðinsdóttir – 1908
Member of Parliament – Ingibjörg H. Bjarnason – 1922




= Republic

=
Mayor of Reykjavík – Auður Auðuns – 1960
Speaker of Parliament (lower house) – Ragnhildur Helgadóttir – 1961
Minister of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs – Auður Auðuns – 1970
President – Vigdís Finnbogadóttir – 1980
Speaker of Parliament (upper house) – Salome Þorkelsdóttir – 1983
Minister of Education, Science and Culture – Ragnhildur Helgadóttir – 1983
Minister of Health and Social Security – Ragnhildur Helgadóttir – 1985
Speaker of Parliament (bicameral united house) – Salome Þorkelsdóttir – 1991
Speaker of Parliament (unicameral) – Salome Þorkelsdóttir – 1991
Minister for the Environment – Siv Friðleifsdóttir – 1999
Minister of Industry – Valgerður Sverrisdóttir – 1999
Minister for Foreign Affairs – Valgerður Sverrisdóttir – 2006
Prime Minister – Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir – 2009
Minister of Finance – Oddný Guðbjörg Harðardóttir – 2011




Ireland






= Kingdom of Ireland

=
Queen regnant – Mary I – 1553




= United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

=
Member of parliament – Constance Markievicz – 1918




= Irish Republic

=
Teachta Dála – Constance Markievicz – 1919
Minister for Labour – Constance Markievicz – 1919




= Free State

=
Senator (Free State Senate) – Eileen Costello, Alice Stopford Green, Ellen Cuffe and Jennie Wyse Power – 1922
Leader of a political party – Margaret Buckley – 1937




= Ireland (Republic of Ireland)

=

Senator (Senate of the Republic) – Margaret Mary Pearse, Linda Kearns MacWhinney, Helena Concannon and Margaret L. Kennedy – 1938
Lord Mayor of Dublin – Kathleen Clarke – 1939
Lord Mayor of Cork – Jane Dowdall – 1959
Department of State Secretary-General – Thekla Beere – 1959
Mayor of Limerick – Frances Condell – 1963
Council of State Member – Honor Crowley – 1964
Mayor of Galway – Mary Byrne – 1975
Minister of State – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 1977
Member of the European Parliament – Eileen Desmond and Síle de Valera – 1979
Minister for the Gaeltacht – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 1979
Leader of the Seanad – Gemma Hussey – 1981
Minister for Health and Social Welfare – Eileen Desmond – 1981
Minister for Education – Gemma Hussey – 1982
Cathaoirleach of Seanad Éireann – Tras Honan – 1982
President – Mary Robinson – 1990
Minister for Tourism, Transport and Communications – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 1992
Leader of a political party in Dáil Éireann – Mary Harney – 1993
Minister for Justice – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 1993
Tánaiste (Deputy Prime Minister) – Mary Harney – 1997
Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment – Mary Harney – 1997
Minister for Arts, Heritage, Gaeltacht and the Islands – Síle de Valera – 1997
Minister for Agriculture and Food – Mary Coughlan – 2004
Government Chief Whip – Mary Hanafin – 2002
European Commissioner – Máire Geoghegan-Quinn – 2009
Attorney General – Máire Whelan – 2011
Minister for Children and Youth Affairs – Frances Fitzgerald – 2011
Leader of the Opposition – Mary Lou McDonald – 2020
Leas-Cheann Comhairle – Catherine Connolly – 2020
Minister for Rural and Community Development – Heather Humphreys – 2020




Italy



Undersecretary of Industry and Trade – Angela Maria Guidi Cingolani – 1951
Minister of Labour and Social Security – Tina Anselmi – 1976
Minister for Health – Tina Anselmi – 1978 (First female governmental minister)
President of the Chamber of Deputies – Nilde Iotti – 1979
Minister of Education – Franca Falcucci – 1982
Senator for Life – Camilla Ravera – 1982
Minister of Tourism – Margherita Boniver – 1992
President of Lombardia – Fiorella Ghilardotti – 1992
Minister for Agriculture and Forests – Adriana Poli Bortone – 1994
European Commissioner for Health and Consumer Protection – Emma Bonino – 1995
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Susanna Agnelli – 1995
Minister without Portfolio – Livia Turco – 1996
Minister for Equal Opportunities – Anna Finocchiaro – 1996
Minister of Cultural Activities and Sport – Giovanna Melandri – 1998
Minister of Interior – Rosa Russo Iervolino – 1998
President of Trentino-Alto Adige – Margherita Cogo – 1999
President of Umbria – Maria Rita Lorenzetti – 2000
Mayor of Naples – Rosa Russo Iervolino – 2001
President of Piedmont – Mercedes Bresso – 2006
Minister of European Politics and International Trade – Emma Bonino – 2006
Mayor of Milan – Letizia Moratti – 2006
Minister of the Environment – Stefania Prestigiacomo – 2008
President of Democratic Party (Italy) – Rosy Bindi – 2009
President of Lazio – Renata Polverini – 2010
Minister of Justice – Paola Severino – 2011
President of Friuli-Venezia Giulia – Alessandra Guerra – 1994
Minister of Integration – Cécile Kyenge – 2013
Minister of Defence – Roberta Pinotti – 2014
Minister of Economic Development – Federica Guidi – 2014
Minister of Constitutional Reforms and Parliamentary Relations – Maria Elena Boschi – 2014
Mayor of Rome – Virginia Raggi – 2016
President of the Senate – Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati – 2018
Princess of Seborga – Nina Menegatto – 2019
Prime Minister – Giorgia Meloni – 2022




Latvia






= First Republic

=
Member of Parliament – Berta Pīpiņa – 1931
Deputy Minister of Education – Valērija Seile – 1921




= Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic

=
Government Minister (People's Comissar of State Control) – Olga Martynovna Auguste – 1941
Minister of Justice – Emīlija Veinberga – 1951
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet – Valentina S. Klibike – 1975




= Second Republic

=
President – Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga – 1999
Member of the Saeima – Berta Pipina – 1931
Speaker of the Saeima – Ilga Kreituse – 1995
Foreign Minister – Sandra Kalniete – 2002
European Commissioner for Agriculture and Fisheries – Sandra Kalniete – 2004
Defence Minister – Linda Mūrniece – 2006
Prime Minister – Laimdota Straujuma – 2014




Liechtenstein


Deputy Government Councillor for Social Affairs – Maria Foser – 1984
Minister of Transport and Building – Cornelia Gassner – 1993
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Andrea Willi – 1993




Lithuania






= Republic

=
Members of Parliament – Felicija Bortkevičienė and Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė – 1920
Speaker of the constituent session of the Constituent Assembly of Lithuania – Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė – 15 May 1920




= Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

=
Vice-President – Leokadija Diržinskaitė-Piliušenko – 1959
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Leokadija Diržinskaitė-Piliušenko – 1961
Head of the Central Committee Department of Trade and Public Service – Jaina B. Tatsiavichenė – 1971
Prime Minister – Kazimira Prunskienė – 1990




= Republic of Lithuania

=
European Commissioner for Financial Programming and the Budget – Dalia Grybauskaitė – 2004
President – Dalia Grybauskaitė – 2009
Foreign minister (acting) – Rasa Juknevičienė – 2010




Luxembourg






= County, Duchy and Grand Duchy

=
Monarch – Ermesinde, Countess of Luxembourg – 1197




= Grand Duchy

=
Grand Duchess – Marie-Adélaïde – 1912
Member of Parliament – Marguerite Thomas-Clement – 1919
Minister of Family, Youth, Social Solidarity, Health, Culture and Religious Affairs – Madeleine Frieden-Kinnen – 1969
Mayor of Luxembourg City – Colette Flesch– 1970
Deputy Prime Minister – Colette Flesch – 1980
President of the Council of the European Union – Colette Flesch – 1980
Minister of Justice – Colette Flesch – 1980
Minister for Foreign Affairs – Colette Flesch – 1980
President of the Chamber of Deputies – Erna Hennicot-Schoepges – 1989
European Commissioner for Justice, Consumers and Gender Equality – Martine Reicherts – 2009




Malta






= Colony

=
Member of Parliament – Agatha Barbara – 1947
Minister – Agatha Barbara – 1955




= Republic

=
President – Agatha Barbara – 1982
Mayor (Għasri, Gozo) – Rita Cutajar – 1993
Speaker of the House of Representatives – Myriam Spiteri Debono – 1996




Moldova


Minister of Education – Agrippina Nikitichna Krachun – 1959
Minister of Justice – Valeria Șterbeț – 1999
Speaker of the Parliament – Eugenia Ostapciuc – 2001
Prime Minister – Zinaida Greceanîi – 2008
Finance minister – Marianna Durlesteanu – 2008
Foreign minister – Natalia Gherman – 2013
President – Maia Sandu – 2021




= Transnistria

=
unrecognized, secessionist state

Foreign minister – Nina Shtanski – 2012
Prime Minister – Tatiana Turanskaya – 2013




Monaco


Communal Council – Roxane Noat-Notari – 1955
National Council – Roxane Noat-Notari – 1963
Mayor of Monaco – Anne-Marie Campora – 1991
Government Councillor of Finance and Economy – Sophie Thevenoux – 2009
Government Councillor of Department of Infrastructure, Environment and Urbanization – Marie-Pierre Gramaglia – 2011




Montenegro






= Serbia and Montenegro

=
Speaker of Parliament – Vesna Perović – 2001
Supreme State Attorney – Vesna Medenica – 2004
Mayor of City/President of Municipality (first elected) – Marija-Maja Ćatović – 2005




= Republic of Montenegro

=
Deputy Prime Minister – Gordana Đurović – 2006




Netherlands






= Spanish Netherlands

=
Governor – Margaret of Austria- 1507–1530




= Dutch Republic

=
Diplomat – Bartholda van Swieten – 1615
Regent (acting stadtholder) – Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange – 1751




= Kingdom

=
Monarch – Queen Wilhelmina – 1890
Member of the House of Representatives of the States-General – Suze Groeneweg – 1917
Member of the Senate of the States-General – Carry Pothuis-Smit – 1920
Alderman – Eiske ten Bos-Harkema – 1924
Mayor – Truus Smulders-Beliën – 1946
Minister of Social Work – Marga Klompé – 1956
Minister of Education, Arts and Sciences – Marga Klompé – 1961
Party chair – Haya van Someren – 1969
Minister of Health and Hygiene – Irene Vorrink – 1973
Parliamentary leader in the Senate – Haya van Someren – 1976
Party leader – Ria Beckers – 1977
Parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives – Ria Beckers – 1977
Minister of Transport, Public Works and Water Management – Neelie Kroes – 1982
Minister for Development Cooperation – Eegje Schoo – 1982
Minister of the Interior – Ien Dales – 1989
Minister of Justice – Winnie Sorgdrager – 1994
Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment – Margreeth de Boer – 1994
Deputy Prime Ministers – Annemarie Jorritsma and Els Borst – 1998
Minister of Economic Affairs – Annemarie Jorritsma – 1998
Speaker of the House of Representatives – Jeltje van Nieuwenhoven – 1998
Minister of Education, Culture and Science – Maria van der Hoeven – 2002
Minister for Integration and Immigration – Rita Verdonk – 2003
President of the Senate – Yvonne Timmerman-Buck – 2003
European Commissioner – Neelie Kroes – 2004
Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality – Gerda Verburg – 2007
Minister of Infrastructure and the Environment – Melanie Schultz van Haegen – 2010
Minister of Defence – Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert – 2012
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Sigrid Kaag – 2018
Minister of Social Affairs – Karien van Gennip – 2022
Minister of Finance – Sigrid Kaag – 2022




North Macedonia


Minister of Development – Sofija Todorova – 1992
Minister without portfolio – Gordana Siljanovska – 1992
Interior minister – Dosta Dimovska – 1999
Foreign minister – Ilinka Mitreva – 2001
Minister of Justice– Meri Mladenovska Gjorgjievska – 2002
Prime Minister (acting) – Radmila Šekerinska – 2004
President of Social Democratic Union of Macedonia – Radmila Šekerinska – 2006
Minister of Culture – Elizabeta Kanceska Milevska – 2008
President – Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova – 2024




Norway


Monarch – Margaret I – 1387
Deputy member of the Norwegian Parliament – Anna Rogstad – 1911
Member of the Norwegian Parliament – Karen Platou – 1921
Mayor – Aasa Helgesen (in Utsira) – 1926
Minister of Social Affairs – Kirsten Hansteen – 1945
Minister of Justice – Elisabeth Schweigaard Selmer – 1965
State Secretary – Elsa Rastad Bråten – 1971
President of the Lagting – Torild Skard – 1973
Minister of the Environment – Gro Harlem Brundtland – 1974
County Governor – Ebba Lodden (in Aust-Agder) – 1974
Prime Minister – Gro Harlem Brundtland – 1981
Chief of Police (Halden) – Ann-Kristin Olsen
President of the Odelsting – Åshild Hauan – 1985
Mayor of Oslo – Ann-Marit Sæbønes – 1992
President of the Storting – Kirsti Kolle Grøndahl – 1993
Minister of Defence – Eldbjørg Løwer – 2001
Minister of Finance – Kristin Halvorsen – 2005
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Ine Marie Eriksen Søreide – 2017
Other political positions
Party leader – Eva Kolstad (Liberal) – 1974




= Svalbard

=
Governor of Svalbard – Ann-Kristin Olsen – 1995




Poland






= Kingdom (1385–1569)

=
Monarch – Jadwiga of Poland – 1384




= Second Republic

=
First members of Sejm (lower house of the parliament) – Gabriela Balicka, Jadwiga Dziubińska, Irena Kosmowska, Maria Moczydłowska, Zofia Moraczewska, Anna Piasecka, Zofia Sokolnicka, Franciszka Wilczkowiakowa – 1919
Senator – Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska – 1928




= People's Republic

=
Vice-Chairperson of the Provisoric Government – Wanda Wasilewska – 1944
Minister of Justice – Zofia Wasilkowska – 1956
Minister of Administration, Land Economy and Environment – Maria Milczarek – 1976
Minister of Labor, Welfare and Social Policy – Maria Milczarek – 1979
Minister of Education and Behaviour – Joanna Michałowska-Gumowska – 1985
Minister of Health and Welfare – Izabela Płaneta-Małecka – 1988




= Republic

=
Minister of Culture and Art – Izabella Cywińska – 1989
Minister of Industry and Commerce – Henryka Bochniarz – 1991
Prime Minister – Hanna Suchocka – 1992
Chairman of the National Bank of Poland – Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz – 1992
Minister of Construction and Spatial Management – Barbara Blida – 1993
Marshal of the Senate – Alicja Grześkowiak – 1997
Minister of Finance – Halina Wasilewska-Trenkner – 2001
Minister of State Treasury – Aldona Kamela-Sowińska – 2001
Minister of European Affairs – Danuta Hübner – 2003
Deputy Prime Minister – Izabela Jaruga-Nowacka – 2004
Minister of Social Policy – Izabela Jaruga-Nowacka – 2004
European Commissioner for Regional Policy – Danuta Hübner – 2004
Minister of Regional Development – Grażyna Gęsicka – 2005
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Anna Fotyga – 2006
President of Warsaw – Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz – 2006
Minister of Sport and Tourism – Elżbieta Jakubiak – 2007
Minister of Science and Higher Education – Barbara Kudrycka – 2007
Marshal of the Sejm – Ewa Kopacz – 2011




Portugal






= County

=
Countess – Theresa, Countess of Portugal – 1112




= Kingdom

=
Monarch (disputed) – Beatrice of Portugal – 1383
Monarch – Maria I – 1777




= Republic

=
Undersecretary of the Ministry of Health and Assistance – Maria Teresa Cárcomo Lobo – 1970
Minister of Social Affairs – Maria de Lurdes Pintasilgo – 1974
Prime Minister – Maria de Lurdes Pintasilgo – 1979
Minister of Health – Leonor Beleza – 1985
Judge of the Constitutional Court – Maria da Assunção Esteves – 1989
Minister of Education – Manuela Ferreira Leite – 1993
Minister of Environment – Teresa Patrício de Gouveia – 1993
Minister for Qualification and Employment – Maria João Rodrigues – 1995
Minister of Planning – Elisa Ferreira – 1999
Minister of State and Minister of Finance – Manuela Ferreira Leite – 2002
Minister of Justice – Celeste Cardona – 2002
Minister of Science and Higher Education – Graça Carvalho – 2003
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Teresa Patrício de Gouveia – 2003
Minister of Culture – Maria João Bustorff – 2004
Minister of Environment and Territorial Organization – Dulce Pássaro – 2009
Leader of the Opposition – Manuela Ferreira Leite – 2008
President of the Assembly of the Republic – Maria da Assunção Esteves – 2011
Minister of Agriculture, Sea, Environment and Territorial Organization – Maria de Assunção Oliveira Cristas Machado da Graças – 2011
Vice-President of the Constitutional Court – Maria Lúcia Amaral – 2012
Attorney General of the Republic – Joana Marques Vidal – 2012
President of the Legislative Assembly of the Azores – Ana Luís – 2012
Minister of Internal Administration – Anabela Rodrigues – 2014
Minister of the Presidency and Administrative Modernization – Maria Manuel Leitão Marques – 2015
Ombudswoman – Maria Lúcia Amaral – 2017




Romania






= Kingdom

=
Mayor (of Bogdănești, Vaslui) – Luiza Zavloschi – 1930




= People's Republic

=
Minister of Health – Florica Bagdasar – 1946
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Ana Pauker – 1947
Minister of Social Affairs – Stella Ernestu – 1952
Minister of Culture and Art – Constanța Crăciun – 1953
Vice-President of the State Council – Constanța Crăciun – 1966
Minister of Industry – Ana Mureson – 1966
Member of the Politburo – Lina Ciobanu – 1977
Minister of Education – Aneta Spornic – 1979
First Deputy Prime Minister – Elena Ceauşescu – 1980
Vice-President of the Council of State – Maria Ciocan – 1980
Minister of the Food Industry – Paula Prioteasa – 1986
Minister of Labour – Alexandrina Gainusa – 1986
Minister of Justice – Maria Bobu – 1987




= Republic

=
Member of the Council of the National Salvation Front and Joint Collective Head of State – Christina Cioutu – 1989
Prefect (of Bucharest) – Mioara Mantale – 2004
President of the Chamber of Deputies – Roberta Anastase – 2008
Minister of Tourism – Elena Udrea – 2008
European Commissioner for Regional Policy – Corina Crețu – 2014
Prime Minister – Viorica Dăncilă – 2018
President of the Senate – Anca Dragu – 2020




Russia






= Imperial

=
Regent – Elena Glinskaya – 1533
Monarch – Catherine I of Russia – 1725




= Intermin Republic

=
Vice Minister of State Welfare and Vice Minister of Education – Sofia Panina – 1917




= Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

=
Commissar (Minister) – Alexandra Kollontai – 1917 (First female minister in the world)
Commissioner of Foreign Affairs – Angelika Balabanoff – 1918
People's Commissar of the Navy – Larisa Mikhailovna Reisner – 1918
Candidate Member of the Politburo – Elena Stasova – 1919
Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Nadezhda Krupskaya – 1924
Deputy minister (Commissar) of Education – Nadezhda Krupskaya – 1929
People's Commissar of Finance – Varvara Nikolaevna Yakovleva – 1929
Member of the Supreme Soviet – Nadezhda Krupskaya – 1931
Member of Presidium of the Supreme Soviet – Nadezhda Krupskaya and Klavdiya Nikolayeva – 1937
First Secretary of the Communist Party – Domina Komarova – 1948
Minister of Health – Maria Kovrigina – 1953
Full Member of the Politburo – Ekaterina Furtseva – 1957
Minister of Culture – Ekaterina Furtseva – 1960
Deputy Minister of Light Industry – Eudokiia F. Karpova – 1964
Deputy Premier Minister and Head of the Central Committee Department of Light and Local Industry – Eudokiia F. Karpova – 1966
Vice-chairman of the Council of ministres of the RSFSR – Lidia Lykova – 1967
Vice-Chairperson of the Supreme Soviet – Tatyana G. Ivanova – 1985




= Federation

=
Member of the Consultative Council of the President – Tatyana Zaslavskaya – 1992
Governor – Valentina Matviyenko – 2003
Mayor of Saint Petersburg – Valentina Matviyenko – 2003
Chairwoman of the Federation Council of Russia – Valentina Matviyenko – 2011




San Marino


Minister of the Interior and of Justice – Clara Boscaglia – 1978
Co-Captain Regent – Maria Lea Pedini-Angelini – 1981
Foreign minister – Antonella Mularoni – 2008




Serbia






= Imperial

=
Regent – Helena of Bulgaria – 1355–1357




= Despotate

=
Monarch – Jelena (Marija) – 1458 – 1459




= Principality

=
Education and Art adviser – Katarina Ivanović – 1870
Member of the Great People's Assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci and other Slavs in Banat, Bačka and Baranja – Milica Tomić, Mara Đorđević Malagurski, Anastasija Manojlović, Marija Jovanović, Olga Stanković, Katica Rajčić and Manda Sudarević – 1918.




= Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia

=
Minister of Education – Mitra Mitrović – 1945–1948
Minister of Labour – Spasenija Cana Babović – 1946–1948
Minister of Health – Spasenija Cana Babović – 1948–1953
Deputy Prime Minister – Spasenija Cana Babović – 1953–1963




= Federal Yugoslavia

=
President of the Federal Chamber – Stana Tomasević-Arnesen – 1979
President of the Federal Executive Council (Prime Minister) – Milka Planinc – 1982
Mayor of Belgrade – Slobodanka Gruden – 1992–1994
Minister of Social affairs, family and equality – Margit Savović – 1994–1996
Leader of Party Yugoslav (Left) – Mirjana Marković – 1994–2001
Deputy Prime Minister – Maja Gojković – 1998–2000
Minister of Self-government – Gordana Pop Lazić – 1998–2000
Minister of Information – Radmila Milentijević – 1998–2000
Minister of Economic transformation – Jorgovanka Tabaković – 1998–2000
Minister of Labour and Employment – Gordana Matković – 2001–2004
President of Party of successful women – Margit Savović – 2001–2004
Minister of Environment – Anđelka Mihajlov – 2001–2002
President of the Supreme Court – Leposava Karamarković – 2001–2002
Minister of Traffic and Telecommunication – Marija Rašeta Vukosavljević – 2001–2004
Speaker of the National Assembly of Serbia – Nataša Mićić – 2001– 2004
President (acting) – Nataša Mićić – 2002–2003
Minister of Energy and Mining – Kori Udovički – 2001–2003
Governor of a National Bank of Serbia – Kori Udovički – 2003–2004
Minister of Education – Ljiljana Čolić – 2004
Mayor of Novi Sad – Maja Gojković – 2004–2008




= Republic of Serbia

=
Deputy Prime Minister – Ivana Dulić-Marković – 2006
Minister of Science – Ana Pešikan – 2007–2008
Minister of Telecommunication and Informatics – Aleksandra Smiljanić – 2007–2008
President of the Constitutional Court of Serbia – Bosa Nenadić – 2007–2010
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economy – Verica Kalanović – 2011–2012
Minister of Finance – Diana Dragutinović – 2008–2011
Minister of Justice – Snežana Malović – 2008–2012
Mayor of Pančevo – Vesna Martinović – 2008–2012
President of the Supreme Court of Cassation – Nata Mesarović – 2010–2013
State Attorney – Zagorka Dolovac – 2012
President (acting) – Slavica Đukić Dejanović – 2012
President of Christian Democratic Party of Serbia – Olgica Batić – 2011
President of party Together for Vojvodina – Olena Papuga – 2012
Minister of Energy – Zorana Mihajlović – 2012–2014
Deputy Prime Minister – Suzana Grubješić – 2012–2013
Mayor of Smederevo – Jasna Avramović – 2012
Governor of a National Bank of Serbia – Jorgovanka Tabaković – 2012
Speaker of the National Assembly of Serbia – Maja Gojković – 2014
Deputy Prime Minister and a Minister of Transportation, Construction and Infrastructure – Zorana Mihajlović – 2014
Deputy Prime Minister and a Minister of State and Local Governments – Kori Udovički – 2014
Minister of Agriculture and Environment – Snežana Bogosavljević Bošković – 2014
Minister of European Integration – Jadranka Joksimović – 2014
President of Democratic Party of Serbia – Sanda Rašković Ivić – 2014
Mayor of Vršac – Dragana Mitrović – 2016
Mayor of Sombor – Dušanka Golubović – 2016
Prime Minister – Ana Brnabić – 2017
Mayor of Kruševac – Jasmina Palurović – 2017
Mayor of Niš – Dragana Sotirovski – 2020
Mayor of Užice – Jelena Raković Radivojević – 2020
Mayor of Sremska Mitrovica – Svetlana Milovanović – 2020




= Kosovo

=
partially recognized secessionist state under nominal international administration

Foreign minister (acting) – Vlora Çitaku – 2010
President – Atifete Jahjaga – 2011




Slovakia


Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family – Oľga Keltošová – 1993 (also Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of Slovakia within Czechoslovakia since 1992)
Minister of Justice – Katarína Tóthová – 1993 (also Minister of Justice of Slovakia within Czechoslovakia since 1992)
Minister of Health – Irena Belohorská – 1993
Deputy Prime Minister – Brigita Schmögnerová – 1994
Minister of Education – Eva Slavkovská – 1994
Minister of Foreign Affairs – Zdenka Kramplová – 1997
Minister of Privatization – Mária Machová – 1998
Minister of Finance – Brigita Schmögnerová – 1998
Deputy Speaker of the National Council of the Slovak Republic – Zuzana Martináková – 2002
Minister of Agriculture – Zdenka Kramplová – 2007
Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Slovakia – Ivetta Macejková – 2007
Prime Minister – Iveta Radičová – 2010
President – Zuzana Čaputová – 2019
Please note: Independent Slovak Republic was established on January 1, 1993. The first female politicians of Slovak Republic as a part of Czech and Slovak Federative Republic are not included above.




= List of Slovak female holders of political offices before independence

=



Czechoslovakia

Member of Parliament – Irena Kaňová – 1919
Commissioner for Health and Social Welfare (equivalent to minister) – Emília Janečková-Muríňová – 1950
Minister of Health and Social Affairs – Eva Tökölyová – 1986
Minister of State Audit – Mária Kolaříková – 1989



Czech and Slovak Federative Republic

Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family – Helena Woleková – 1991
Minister of Trade and Tourism – Jana Kotová – 1992
Minister of Justice – Katarína Tóthová – 1992
Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family – Oľga Keltošová – 1992




Slovenia


Ministry of Health – Katja Boh – 1990
Minister of Labour, Family, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities – Jožica Puhar – 1990
Minister of Veterans and War Invalides – Ana Osterman – 1990
Ministry of Justice – Metka Zupančič – 1994
Ministry of Economy Development and Technologies – Tea Petrin – 2000
Ministry of Culture – Andreja Rihter – 2000
Ministry of Education, Science and Sport – Lucija Čok – 2000
Ministry without Portfolio (Regional Development) – Zdenka Kovač – 2002
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry – Zdenka Kovač – 2004
Minister of the Interior – Katarina Kresal – 2008
Ministry of Public Administration – Irma Pavlinič Krebs – 2008
Minister of Defence – Ljubica Jelušič – 2008
Prime Minister – Alenka Bratušek – 2013
Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning – Irena Majcen – 2014
European Commissioner for Transport – Violeta Bulc – 2014
President – Nataša Pirc Musar – 2022




Spain






= Kingdom

=
This list includes office holders after the unification of Spain in the 16th-century:

Monarch – Joanna I – 1504–1555
Regent – Isabella of Portugal – 1535–1539
First Female Mayor – Matilde Pérez Mollá – 1924
First thirteen Members of National Assembly – Blanca de los Ríos de Lampérez, Isidra Quesada y Gutiérrez de los Ríos, Micaela Díaz y Rabaneda, María de Maeztu, María de Echarri y Martínez, María López de Sagredo, Concepción Loring y Heredia, Carmen Cuesta del Muro, Teresa Luzzatti Quiñones, Josefina Oloriz Arcelus, María López Moleón, María Natividad Domínguez de Roger y Trinidad Von Scholtzhermensdorff – 1927




= Second Republic

=
Members of Parliament – Margarita Nelken, Clara Campoamor and Victoria Kent – 1931
First democratic mayor – María Domínguez Remón – 1932
Minister of Health – Federica Montseny – 1936




= Francoist Spain

=
Mayor of Bilbao – Pilar Careaga – 1969




= Kingdom (restored)

=
Mayor of Vigo – Enma González – 1978
Minister of Culture – Soledad Becerril – 1981
Mayor of Valencia – Clementina Ródenas – 1988
President of the Region of Murcia – María Antonia Martínez – 1993
Mayor of Seville – Soledad Becerril – 1995
Mayor of Saragossa – Luisa Fernanda Rudi – 1995
Mayor of Málaga – Celia Villalobos – 1995
President of the Parliament of Navarre – María Dolores Eguren – 1995
Minister of Environment – Isabel Tocino – 1996
Minister of Agriculture – Loyola de Palacio – 1996
Minister of Justice – Margarita Mariscal de Gante – 1996
President of Senate – Esperanza Aguirre – 1999
Minister of Education – Esperanza Aguirre – 1999
Mayor of Cordóba – Rosa Aguilar – 1999
Mayor of Gijón – Paz Fernández – 1999
Mayor of Pamplona – Yolanda Barcina – 1999
European Commissioner for Transport and Energy – Loyola de Palacio – 1999
Minister of Industry – Anna Birulés – 2000
Foreign minister – Ana Palacio – 2002
Minister of Public Administrations – Julia García-Valdecasas – 2003
President of the Community of Madrid – Esperanza Aguirre – 2003
Mayor of Las Palmas – Josefa Luzardo – 2003
Mayoress of Palma de Mallorca – Catalina Cirer – 2003
Minister of Public Works – Magdalena Álvarez – 2004
Minister of Presidency – María Teresa Fernández de la Vega – 2004
Minister of Housing – María Antonia Trujillo – 2004
First Vice President of the Government – María Teresa Fernández de la Vega – 2004
President of the Basque Parliament – Izaskun Bilbao – 2005
Minister of Defense – Carme Chacón – 2008
Minister of Science and Innovation – Cristina Garmendia – 2008
Minister of Equality – Bibiana Aído – 2008
Mayor of Alicante – Sonia Castedo – 2008
Minister of Economy – Elena Salgado – 2009
President of the Parliament of Catalonia – Nuria de Gispert – 2010
Mayor of Madrid – Ana Botella – 2011
President of Navarre – Yolanda Barcina – 2011
Mayor of Barcelona – Ada Colau – 2015
Mayor of Vitoria-Gasteiz – Maider Etxebarria – 2023
Deputy General (president) of Gipuzkoa – Eider Mendoza – 2023
Deputy General (president) of Biscay – Elixabete Etxanobe – 2023



Autonomous City

Senator and Deputy (Melilla) – María del Carmen Dueñas




Sweden






= Kingdom

=
During the Kalmar Union (1397–1523), Sweden was in union with Denmark and Norway, but maintained its own administration. Sweden was in union with Norway during the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway (1814–1905), but each country had its own administration and laws, and thus should be listed separately.

Regent: Ingeborg of Norway – 1319
Monarch – Margaret I – 1389
Governor (häradshövding) of Stranda Hundred – Sigrid Sture – 1577
Member of a government committee – Sophie Adlersparre and Hilda Caselli – 1885
Member of a Public Comity (Public School Board): Lilly Engström – 1889
Member of the Executive Committee of a Political party – Kata Dalström – 1900
Chairperson of the Women's trades union – Anna Sterky – 1902
Member of the City Council of Stockholm – Gertrud Månsson – 1910
Member of a City Council – 37 women, among them Hanna Lindberg – 1910
Member of the legislative assembly – Emilia Broomé – 1914
Member of the Riksdag (lower house) – Elisabeth Tamm, Agda Östlund, Nelly Thüring and Bertha Wellin – 1921
Member of the Riksdag (upper house) – Kerstin Hesselgren – 1921
Minister without portfolio – Karin Kock-Lindberg – 1947
Minister for Public Housekeeping – Karin Kock-Lindberg – 1948
Minister of Family, Consumption, Aid and Immigration – Ulla Lindström – 1954
Acting prime minister – Ulla Lindström – 1958
Permanent Representative of Sweden to the United Nations – Agda Rössel – 1958
Chairperson of City Council – Blenda Ljungberg – 1959
Municipal commissioner – Ella Tengbom-Velander – 1967
Supreme Court Justice – Ingrid Gärde Widemar – 1968
County Governor – Camilla Odhnoff – 1974
Minister for Foreign Affairs – Karin Söder – 1976
Minister for Health and Social Affairs – Karin Söder – 1979
Minister for Education – Lena Hjelm-Wallén – 1982
Minister for Employment – Anna-Greta Leijon – 1982
Leader of a political party represented in the Riksdag – Karin Söder – 1985
Minister for Justice – Anna-Greta Leijon – 1987
Minister for the Environment – Birgitta Dahl – 1987
Speaker of the Riksdag – Ingegerd Troedsson – 1991
Minister for Finance – Anne Wibble – 1991
Minister for Culture – Birgit Friggebo – 1991
Deputy Prime Minister – Mona Sahlin – 1994
Minister for Agriculture – Margareta Winberg – 1994
European Commissioner for Immigration, Justice, Home Affairs and Financial Control – Anita Gradin – 1995
Minister for Defence – Leni Björklund – 2002
Mayor of Stockholm – Annika Billström – 2002
Prime Minister – Magdalena Andersson – 2021




Switzerland


Member of a citizens' council – Trudy Späth-Schweizer – 1958
President of a Cantonal Parliament (of Geneva) – Emma Kammacher – 1965
Mayor (of Geneva) – Lise Girardin – 1968
Member of the Swiss Council of States – Lise Girardin – 1971
Member of the Swiss National Council – Nelly Wicky, Lilian Uchtenhagen, Hanny Thalmann, Liselotte Spreng, Hanna Sahlfeld, Martha Ribi, Gabrielle Nanchen, Josi Meier, Hedi Lang, Tilo Frey, Elisabeth Blunschy – 1971
President of the Swiss National Council – Elisabeth Blunschy – 1977
Member of a Cantonal Executive (of Zurich) – Hedi Lang – 1983
Member of the Swiss Federal Council – Elisabeth Kopp – 1984
Justice minister – Elisabeth Kopp – 1984
Mayor of Lausanne – Yvette Jaggi – 1990
Vice-President of the Swiss Confederation – Elisabeth Kopp – 1989
President of the Swiss Council of States – Josi Meier – 1991
Landammann of Schwyz – Margrit Weber-Röllin – 1992
Schultheiss of Lucerne – Brigitte Mürner-Gilli – 1992
Landammann of Zug – Ruth Schwerzmann – 1993
Landammann of Aargau – Stéphanie Mörikofer – 1997
President of the Swiss Confederation – Ruth Dreifuss – 1999
Landammann of Uri – Gabi Huber – 2002
Foreign minister – Micheline Calmy-Rey – 2003
Landammann of Nidwalden – Lisbeth Gabriel – 2005
Economics minister – Doris Leuthard – 2006
Landammann of Glarus – Marianne Dürst – 2008
Member of the Conseil d'État of the canton of Valais – Esther Waeber Kalbermatten – 2009
Mayor of Zurich – Corine Mauch – 2009
Mayor of St. Gallen – Maria Pappa – 2021




Turkey






= Ottoman

=
Regent – Kösem Sultan – 1623




= Republic

=
Mayor of Kılıçkaya, Artvin – Sadiye Hanım – 1930
muhtar (village head) – Gülkız Ürbül – 1933
Members of Parliament – Hatı Çırpan and 17 others – 1935
Mayor (of Mersin) – Müfide İlhan – 1950
First senator of the senate (upper house) – Mebrure Aksoley – 1964
First female Turkish party leader for Workers Party of Turkey – Behice Boran – 1970
Minister of Health – Türkân Akyol – 1971
First Turkish party founded by a woman, National Women's Party of Turkey – Mübeccel Göktuna Törüner – 1972
Minister of Culture – Nermin Neftçi – 1974
First female Ambassador – Filiz Dinçmen – 1982
Minister of Labor Relations and Social Security – Dr. İmren Aykut – 1987
Provincial Governor (Muğla Province) – Lale Aytaman – 1991
Minister of State – Güler İleri – 1991
Prime Minister (elected) – Tansu Çiller – 1993
President of the Council of State (Turkey), highest administrative court – Füruzan İkincioğulları – 1994
Minister of Environment – Işılay Saygın – 1996
Minister of Tourism – Işılay Saygın – 1996
Minister of the Interior – Dr. Meral Akşener – 1996
Deputy Premier and Foreign Minister – Tansu Çiller – 1996
Minister of Justice – Aysel Çelikel – 2002
Minister of National Education – Nimet Baş – 2009
Minister of Family and Social Policies – Fatma Şahin – 2011
Minister of European Union – Beril Dedeoğlu – 2015




Ukraine






= Soviet Socialist Republic

=
Government minister and Minister of Interior – Evgenia Bosh – 1918
Acting Prime Minister – Evgenia Bosh – 1918
Minister of Education and Science – Alla Bondar – 1962
Minister of Culture – Z. Rakhimbaeva – 1965
Chairperson of the State-Committee of the Protection of Nature – Dina Protsenko – 1975
Chairperson of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet – Valentyna Shevchenko – 1984
Deputy Premier Minister – Mariya A. Orlik – 1989




= Republic

=
Minister of Justice – Susanna Stanik – 1997
Minister of Health – Raisa Bogatyrova – 1999
Prime Minister – Yulia Tymoshenko – 2005
Minister of Labor and Social Policy – Lyudmila Denysova – 2007
Minister of Finance – Natalie Jaresko – 2014




United Kingdom






= Great Britain

=
Monarch – Queen Anne – 1701
City Council (Poor Board) – Mary Clifford – 1875
Member of a City Council – Margaret Ashton – 1908
Mayor (of Aldeburgh) – Elizabeth Garrett Anderson – 1908




= Great Britain and Ireland

=
Member of Parliament (elected) – Constance Markievicz – 1918
Member of Parliament (who took her seat) – Nancy Astor – 1919



United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Minister of Labour – Margaret Bondfield – 1929
Minister for Education – Ellen Wilkinson – 1945
Member of the House of Lords – Stella Isaacs, Marchioness of Reading – 1958
Government Whip – Harriet Slater – 1964
Minister of Pensions and National Insurance – Margaret Herbison – 1964
Minister of Overseas Development – Barbara Castle – 1964
Minister for Transport – Barbara Castle – 1965
First Secretary of State – Barbara Castle – 1968
Paymaster General – Judith Hart – 1968
Secretary of State for Social Services (Health) – Barbara Castle – 1974
Leader of the Opposition – Margaret Thatcher – 1975
Prime Minister – Margaret Thatcher – 1979
Leader of the House of Lords – Janet Young, Baroness Young – 1981
Speaker of the House of Commons – Betty Boothroyd – 1992
Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food – Gillian Shephard – 1993
Secretary of State for National Heritage (later Culture, Media and Sport) – Virginia Bottomley – 1995
Secretary of State for Northern Ireland – Mo Mowlam – 1997
President of the Board of Trade – Margaret Beckett – 1997
Leader of the House of Commons – Ann Taylor – 1997
Chief Whip – Ann Taylor – 1998
Solicitor General for England and Wales – Harriet Harman – 2001
Secretary of State for Scotland – Helen Liddell – 2001
Deputy General Secretary of the Trades Union Congress – Frances O'Grady – 2003
Foreign Secretary – Margaret Beckett – 2006
Lord Speaker – Helene Hayman, Baroness Hayman – 2006
Home Secretary – Jacqui Smith – 2007
Attorney General – Baroness Scotland – 2007
European Commissioner for Trade – Catherine Ashton – 2008
Welsh Secretary – Cheryl Gillan – 2010
General Secretary of the Trades Union Congress – Frances O'Grady – 2013
Vice-President of the European Commission – Catherine Ashton – 2010
Lord Chancellor – Liz Truss – 2016
Chairman of Ways and Means – Eleanor Laing – 2020
Chancellor of the Exchequer – Rachel Reeves – 2024



= England
=
Regent – Edith of Scotland – 12th century
Monarch – Queen Mary I – 1553
Mayor of a town in England (Aldeburgh) – Elizabeth Garrett Anderson – 1908
Lord Mayor of Norwich – Ethel Colman – 1923
Lord Mayor of Liverpool – Margaret Beavan – 1927
Lord Mayor of Sheffield – Ann Eliza Longden – 1936
Lord Mayor of York – Edna Annie Crichton – 1941
Lord Mayor of Leeds – Jessie Beatrice Kitson – 1942 (succeeded upon the death in office of Arthur Clark)
Lord Mayor of Plymouth – Jacquetta Marshall – 1950
Lord Mayor of Newcastle-upon-Tyne – Violet Hardisty Grantham – 1952
Lord Mayor of Leeds (elected) – Mary Pearce – 1958
Lord Mayor of Bristol – Florence Mills Brown – 1963
Lord Mayor of Kingston upon Hull – Annie Major – 1965
Lord Mayor of Oxford – Florence Kathleen Lower – 1965
Lord Mayor of Manchester – Nellie Beer – 1966
Lord Mayor of Portsmouth – Phyllis Loe – 1972
Lord Mayor of Birmingham – Marjorie Alice Brown – 1973
Lord Mayor of London – Mary Donaldson – 1983
Deputy Mayor of London – Nicky Gavron – 2000
Chair of the London Assembly – Sally Hamwee – 2001
Police and Crime Commissioner – Vera Baird, Ann Barnes, Katy Bourne, Jane Kennedy, Sue Mountstevens – 2012



= Northern Ireland
=




Parliament of Northern Ireland


Member of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland – Julia McMordie, Dehra Chichester – 1921
High Sheriff of Belfast – Julia McMordie – 1928
Minister of Health for Northern Ireland – Dehra Chichester – 1949
Lord Mayor of Belfast – Grace Bannister – 1982




Northern Ireland Assembly


Health Minister of Northern Ireland – Bairbre de Brún – 1999
Presiding Officer of the Northern Ireland Assembly – Eileen Bell – 2007
First Minister – Arlene Foster – 2016
Minister of Justice – Claire Sugden – 2016



Scotland

Monarch – Margaret I of Scotland – 1286
Regent – Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland – 1437
Lord Provost– Lavinia Malcolm (in Dollar, Clackmannanshire) – 1913
Lord Provost of Glasgow – Jean Roberts – 1960
Lord Provost of Edinburgh – Eleanor McLaughlin – 1988
Lord Provost of Aberdeen – Margaret Farquhar – 1996
Lord Provost of Dundee – Helen Wright – 1999
Solicitor General for Scotland – Elish Angiolini – 2001
Lord Advocate – Elish Angiolini – 2006
Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party – Annabel Goldie – 2006
Deputy First Minister – Nicola Sturgeon – 2007
Leader of the Scottish Labour Party – Wendy Alexander – 2007
Foreign Minister – Linda Fabiani – 2007
Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament – Tricia Marwick – 2011
Leader of the Scottish National Party – Nicola Sturgeon – 2014
First Minister – Nicola Sturgeon – 2014



Wales

Lord Mayor of Cardiff – Helena Evans – 1959
Presiding Officer of the National Assembly for Wales – Jane Davidson – 1999
Deputy First Minister for Wales – Jenny Randerson – 2001
Leader of Plaid Cymru – Leanne Wood – 2012
First Minister – Eluned Morgan – 2024




Vatican City


Vice Minister – Sister Enrica Rosanna – 2004
Undersecretary of the Section for Relations with States (Vatican Secretariat of State) – Francesca Di Giovanni – 2020




See also


List of women heads of state
List of the first LGBT holders of political offices




Footnotes and references

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• List of the first women holders of political offices in Europe
• List of the first women holders of political offices
• List of the first women holders of political offices in Africa
• List of the first openly LGBT holders of political offices
• List of the first women holders of political offices in North America
• List of the first women holders of political offices in South America
• List of first women lawyers and judges in Europe
• List of the first openly LGBT holders of political offices in the United Kingdom
• Great Offices of State
• Political institutions of ancient Rome