• Source: Ministry of Education (China)

The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a constituent department of the State Council, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs throughout the country. The Ministry of Education acts as the predominant funder of national universities and colleges in China. The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, degree curriculum, and school teachers of the country.
The Ministry of Education currently has 19 internal departments and bureaus. As of 2022, there were 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.




History


The Ministry of Education was founded in October 1949. The work of the ministry was overseen by the Culture and Education Commission that was created at the same time. On October 19, writer and poet Guo Moruo was made the director of the commission, and linguist Ma Xulun was made the first education minister of the People's Republic of China.
In February 1958, the Ministry of Higher Education was merged into the Ministry of Education. In July 1964, the Ministry of Higher Education was restored. In July 1966, the Ministry of Higher Education was once again merged into the Ministry of Education.
In June 1970, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party decided to abolish the Ministry of Education and establish the Science and Education Group of the State Council.
The Ministry of Education was restored after the disruptions of the Cultural Revolution in 1975: 92  by the 4th National People's Congress. Until the Ministry's 1975 restoration, the State Council's Science and Education Group was the most important government body in the education bureaucracy.: 92 
On June 18, 1985, the Eleventh Standing Committee of the 6th National People's Congress decided to abolish the Ministry of Education and establish the National Education Commission of the People's Republic of China.
In 1998, the Decision on Institutional Reform of the State Council was adopted at the First Session of the 9th National People's Congress, and the National Education Commission was renamed the Ministry of Education.
In 2003, China's Ministry of Education called for adding environmental education content throughout the public school curriculum from the first year of primary school through the second year of high school.: 138  Its guidelines on environmental education emphasized firsthand experience and recommended that a quarter of environmental education content should consist of "practice activities".: 138 
In 2019, the Ministry issued a new regulation aimed at unifying the teaching materials for primary and middle schools across China in areas including history, language, and politics.: 16 




= Development of the political counselor system

=
In 1952, the Ministry of Education sought to develop a system of political counselors as a pilot program in universities.: 107  Tsinghua University established a political counselor program in 1953, becoming the first university to do so.: 107  In this program, new graduates who were also Chinese Communist Party members worked as political counselors in managing the student body and student organizations, often simultaneously serving as Communist Youth League secretaries.: 107 
The program was interrupted by the Cultural Revolution but resumed in 1977.: 108  After its endorsement by Deng Xiaoping, the program expanded across higher educational institutions.: 108 
Beginning in the 1990s, the political counselor system was further institutionalized and expanded in higher educational institutions throughout China, with the Ministry issuing standardized rules such as term limits and age limits in 2000.: 108 




Organizational structure



According to the "Regulations on the Main Functional Configuration, Internal Organizations and Staffing of the Ministry of Education," the Ministry of Education has set up the following institutions:




= Internal departments

=
General Department
Department of Policies and Regulations
Development Planning Department
Comprehensive Reform Department
Personnel Department
Finance Department
Teaching Materials Bureau (Office of the National Teaching Materials Committee)
Department of Basic Education
Off-campus Education and Training Supervision Department
Department of Vocational and Adult Education
higher education department
Education Supervision Bureau (Office of the State Council Education Supervision Commission)
Department of Ethnic Education
Department of Teacher Affairs
Department of Physical Education, Health and Arts Education
Ideological and Political Work Department
Social Sciences Division
Department of Science, Technology and Information Technology
Department of College and University Students
Department of Degree Management and Graduate Education (Office of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council)
Language and Words Application Management Department
Language and Words Information Management Department
Department of International Cooperation and Exchange (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Office)
Office of the Inspector
Party Committee of the Ministry of Education
Retired Cadres Bureau
Secretariat of the Chinese National Commission for UNESCO




= Affiliate national bureau

=
National Language and Words Work Committee (Deputy Ministerial Level)




= Affiliate public institutions

=
Ministry of Education Service Center
National Institute of Educational Administration
Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences (Office of the National Educational Science Planning Leading Group)
Research Center for Scientific Development of Higher Education Institutions of the Ministry of Education
Vocational Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education
Chinese and Foreign Language Exchange and Cooperation Center of the Ministry of Education
Institute of Language and Character Applications (State Language Commission Putonghua and Character Application Testing Center)
National Open University (National University for the Elderly)
Educational Technology and Resource Development Center of the Ministry of Education (Central Audio-visual Education Center, Basic Education Resource Center of the Ministry of Education)
China Educational Television
Ministry of Education Education Management Information Center
Curriculum Materials Research Institute
Secretariat of China Scholarship Council
Ministry of Education Fund Supervision Affairs Center
National Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education
China Education Press
Educational Examination Agency of the Ministry of Education (Teacher Qualification Examination Center of the Ministry of Education, International Educational Measurement Exchange and Cooperation Center)
Ministry of Education Study Abroad Service Center (China Study Abroad Service Center)
National Student Financial Aid Management Center
Ministry of Education Student Services and Quality Development Center
Degree and Graduate Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education
Education Quality Assessment Center of the Ministry of Education
Chinese and Foreign Cultural Exchange Center of the Ministry of Education
Ministry of Education Communication and Education Center



Affiliate higher education institutions

There are 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.

Peking University
Renmin University of China
Tsinghua University
Beijing Normal University
China Agricultural University
Nankai University
Tianjin University
Dalian University of Technology
Jilin University
Fudan University
Tongji University
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Nanjing University
Southeast University
Zhejiang University
Xiamen University
Shandong University
Wuhan University
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Central South University
Sun Yat-sen University
Chongqing University
Sichuan University
Xi'an Jiaotong University
Northwest A&F University
Lanzhou University
Northeastern University
East China Normal University
Ocean University of China
Hunan University
South China University of Technology
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
University of Science and Technology Beijing
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Beijing Language and Culture University
Beijing Foreign Language University
Beijing Jiaotong University
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
Communication University of China
Beijing Forestry University
China University of Political Science and Law
Central University of Finance and Economics
Central Conservatory of Music
Central Academy of Drama
Central Academy of Fine Arts
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
Foreign Economic and Trade University
North China Electric Power University
China University of Mining (Beijing)
China University of Geosciences (Beijing)
Northeast Normal University
Northeast Forestry University
East China University of Science and Technology
Donghua University
Shanghai International Studies University
Shanghai University of Finance and Economics
He Hai University
Nanjing Agricultural University
China Pharmaceutical University
Jiangnan University
China University of Mining
Hefei University of Technology
China University of Petroleum (East China)
Wuhan University of Technology
China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)
Huazhong Normal University
Huazhong Agricultural University
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law
Southwest University
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics
Southwest Jiaotong University
Shaanxi Normal University
Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology
Chang'an University




= Affiliate enterprises

=
China Education Publishing and Media Group Co., Ltd.
People's Education Press Co., Ltd.
Higher Education Press Ltd.
Chinese Language Publishing House Co., Ltd.
Language and Culture Press
China Audio and Video Publishing House
Educational Science Press Co., Ltd.
The Ministry has a role in the foreign aid process thorough scholarships it provides for study in China.: 73 




See also



Education in China
History of education in China
List of universities in China
English Medium Medical Schools
Guozijian




References






External links


Official website

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Singapura
• Republik Tiongkok (1912–1949)
• Bahasa Mandarin Taiwan
• Universitas Jilin
• Selandia Baru
• Pendidikan tinggi di Tiongkok
• Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Tiongkok
• Gaokao
• Aliansi Universitas Jalur Sutra
• Universitas Ekonomi dan Hukum Zhongnan
• Ministry of Education (China)
• List of education ministries
• Ministry of Education (Taiwan)
• Education in China
• Ministry of Education (India)
• China Education Ministry
• Higher education in China
• Ministry of Finance (China)
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs (China)
• Ministry of Education (Singapore)