• Source: Myalgia

Myalgia or muscle pain is a painful sensation evolving from muscle tissue. It is a symptom of many diseases. The most common cause of acute myalgia is the overuse of a muscle or group of muscles; another likely cause is viral infection, especially when there has been no injury.
Long-lasting myalgia can be caused by metabolic myopathy, some nutritional deficiencies, ME/CFS, fibromyalgia, and amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome.




Causes


The most common causes of myalgia are overuse, injury, and strain. Myalgia might also be caused by allergies, diseases, medications, or as a response to a vaccination. Dehydration at times results in muscle pain as well, especially for people involved in extensive physical activities such as workout.
Muscle pain is also a common symptom in a variety of diseases, including infectious diseases, such as influenza, muscle abscesses, Lyme disease, malaria, trichinosis or poliomyelitis; autoimmune diseases, such as celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome or polymyositis; gastrointestinal diseases, such as non-celiac gluten sensitivity (which can also occur without digestive symptoms) and inflammatory bowel disease (including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis).
The most common causes are:




= Overuse

=
Overuse of a muscle is using it too much, too soon or too often. One example is repetitive strain injury. See also:

Exercise
Weight lifting



Injury

The most common causes of myalgia by injury are: sprains and strains.




= Autoimmune

=
Multiple sclerosis (neurologic pain interpreted as muscular)
Myositis
Mixed connective tissue disease
Lupus erythematosus
Fibromyalgia syndrome
Familial Mediterranean fever
Polyarteritis nodosa
Devic's disease
Morphea
Sarcoidosis




= Metabolic defect

=
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency
Conn's syndrome
Adrenal insufficiency
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Diabetes
Hypogonadism
Postorgasmic illness syndrome




= Other

=
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)
Channelopathy
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome
Stickler Syndrome
Hypokalemia
Hypotonia
Exercise intolerance
Mastocytosis
Peripheral neuropathy
Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome
Barcoo Fever
Herpes
Hemochromatosis
Delayed onset muscle soreness
HIV/AIDS
Generalized anxiety disorder
Tumor-induced osteomalacia
Hypovitaminosis D
Infarction




= Withdrawal syndrome from certain drugs

=
Sudden cessation of high-dose corticosteroids, opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, caffeine, or alcohol can induce myalgia.




Treatment


When the cause of myalgia is unknown, it should be treated symptomatically. Common treatments include heat, rest, paracetamol, NSAIDs, massage, cryotherapy and muscle relaxants.




See also


Arthralgia
Myopathy
Myositis




References






External links

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