• Source: Open-mid central unrounded vowel

The open-mid central unrounded vowel, or low-mid central unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɜ⟩ (formerly ⟨ᴈ⟩). The IPA symbol is not the digit ⟨3⟩ or the Cyrillic small letter Ze (з). The symbol is instead a reversed Latinized variant of the lowercase epsilon, ɛ. The value was specified only in 1993; until then, ⟨ɜ⟩ was an alternative symbol for the mid central unrounded vowel [ə].
The ⟨ɜ⟩ letter may be used with a raising diacritic ⟨ɜ̝⟩, to denote the mid central unrounded vowel. It may also be used with a lowering diacritic ⟨ɜ̞⟩, to denote the near-open central unrounded vowel.
Conversely, ⟨ə⟩, the symbol for the mid central vowel may be used with a lowering diacritic ⟨ə̞⟩ to denote the open-mid central unrounded vowel, although that is more specifically written with an additional unrounding diacritic ⟨ə̞͑⟩ to explicitly denote the lack of rounding (the canonical value of IPA ⟨ə⟩ is undefined for rounding).




Features


Its vowel height is open-mid, also known as low-mid, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between an open vowel (a low vowel) and a mid vowel.
Its vowel backness is central, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between a front vowel and a back vowel.
It is unrounded, which means that the lips are not rounded.




Occurrence






See also


R-colored vowel, a related phoneme in rhotic dialects of English




Notes






References






External links


List of languages with [ɜ] on PHOIBLE

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Ā
• Open-mid central unrounded vowel
• Open-mid back unrounded vowel
• Mid front unrounded vowel
• Close-mid central unrounded vowel
• Mid back unrounded vowel
• Open central unrounded vowel
• Open-mid front unrounded vowel
• Open-mid vowel
• Mid central vowel
• Near-open central vowel