- Source: Petroleum refining in the United Kingdom
Petroleum refining in the United Kingdom produced around 51.45 million tonnes of petroleum products in 2023, down 16% from 2015 and 32% from 2011. There are six major and one minor petroleum refinery in the downstream sector of the UK oil industry.
Phillips 66, Humber Refinery, South Killingholme, 221,000 barrels per day
Prax, Lindsey Oil Refinery, North Killingholme, 111,300 barrels per day
Petroineos, Grangemouth refinery, 150,000 barrels per day
Essar Energy plc., Stanlow refinery, 190,000 barrels per day
Valero Energy Corp., Pembroke refinery, 270,000 barrels per day
ExxonMobil, Fawley refinery, 270,000 barrels per day
Haltermann Carless, Harwich refinery, 0.5 million tonnes per year (10,500 barrels per day)
Total, operational refining capacity 1,222,800 barrels per day, around 58 million tonnes per year.
History
In 1902, there were four petroleum refineries in London that held a license to import oil in barges along the River Thames, including S. Bowley and Son. There was small-scale oil refining along the Lower Thames estuary in 1914. Refining capacity increased during the inter-war period. By 1938 there were 11 oil refineries in the UK.
In 1937/8 total refining oil capacity in the UK was 4.21 million tonnes per year, by 1954 this had increased to 26.64 million tonnes.
In the post-Second World War period several of the existing refineries were expanded and 3 new major oil refineries were built.
In 1964 the following refineries were operating or being constructed or planned.
By 1973 the following refineries were in operation.
In 1973, with an anticipated increase in consumption and the projected start of oil production from the UK North Sea, the following new refineries were being planned or constructed.
Following the oil crisis of 1973-4 refining capacity, and the number of oil refineries, was reduced, and many planned refineries were discontinued. In 1976 there were 17 oil refineries in the UK. By 2000 there were 12 refineries namely:
BP Amoco, Coryton refinery (later Petroplus, closed 2012)
Carless, Harwich refinery (now Haltermann Carless)
Phillips 66, Humber refinery
Total, Lindsey refinery (Prax from 2021)
Petroplus, North Tees refinery (closed 2012)
BP Amoco, Grangemouth refinery (PetroIneos from 2004)
Nynas, Dundee refinery (closed 2013)
Shell/Nynas, Eastham refinery (bitumen) (closed after 2010)
Shell Stanlow refinery (Essar Energy from 2011)
Amoco, then Murco, Milford Haven refinery (closed 2015)
Texaco, Pembroke refinery (Valero from 2011)
Esso, Fawley refinery
Further oil company re-organisations and take-overs, and reductions in demand, led to further refinery closures. By 2019 there were 6 major and one smaller oil refineries in the UK.
Organisations
Statistics for petroleum refining in the UK are gathered by the United Kingdom Petroleum Industry Association (UKPIA), on Chancery Lane in London, and the recently formed (July 2016) Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.
The Institute of Petroleum merged with the Institute of Energy to form the Energy Institute in 2003. The modern-day institute is headquartered in Marylebone, London. Also nearby is the World Petroleum Council (WPC), known for its four-yearly World Petroleum Congresses.
See also
Category:Oil refineries in the United Kingdom
Oil terminals in the United Kingdom
References
External links
UKPIA information
Europe (and UK) refineries at the Energy Institute
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Petroleum refining in the United Kingdom
- History of the petroleum industry
- Petroleum in the United States
- Petroleum industry
- Oil and gas industry in the United Kingdom
- Petroleum politics
- Harwich refinery
- List of oil exploration and production companies
- Petroleum naphtha
- History of the petroleum industry in the United States
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