- Source: Razavi Khorasan province
Razavi Khorasan province (Persian: استان خراسان رضوی) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in northeastern Iran. Its capital is the city of Mashhad, the second-most-populous city in Iran.
Razavi Khorasan is one of the three provinces that were created after the division of Khorasan Province in 2004. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5 with Mashhad as the location of the region's secretariat.
History
The Greater Khorasan has witnessed the rise and fall of many dynasties and governments in its territory throughout history. Various tribes of the Arabs, Turks, Kurds and Turkmens brought changes to the region time and time again.
Ancient geographers of Iran divided Iran ("Ērānshahr") into eight segments of which the most flourishing and largest was the territory of Greater Khorasan. Esfarayen, among other cities of the province, was one of the focal points for residence of the Aryan tribes after entering Iran.
The Parthian Empire was based near Merv in Khorasan for many years. During the Sassanid dynasty, the province was governed by a Spahbod (Lieutenant General) called "Padgošban" and four margraves, each commander of one of the four parts of the province.
Khorasan was divided into four parts during the Muslim conquest of Persia, each section being named after one of the four largest cities, Nishapur, Merv, Herat, and Balkh.
In the year 651, the army of the Rashidun Caliphate conquered Khorasan. The territory remained under the rule of the Abbasid Caliphate until 820, followed by the rule of the Iranian Tahirid dynasty until 873, and the Samanid dynasty in 900.
Khorasan was the largest province of Iran until it was divided into three provinces on 29 September 2004. The provinces approved by the parliament of Iran (on 18 May 2004) and the Council of Guardians (on 29 May 2004) were Khorasan-e Razavi, North Khorasan, and South Khorasan.
Demographics
= Ethnicity
=The major ethnic group in this region are Persians, there are other sizeable communities such as Khorasani Kurds, Khorasani Turks, Turkmens and Khorasani Baloch.
= Population
=At the time of the 2006 National Census, the province's population was 5,515,980 in 1,426,187 households. The following census in 2011 counted 5,994,402 people in 1,716,314 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the province as 6,434,501 in 1,938,703 households.
= Administrative divisions
=The population history and structural changes of Razavi Khorasan province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
= Cities
=According to the 2016 census, 4,700,924 people (over 72% of the population of Razavi Khorasan province) live in the following cities:
The following sorted table lists the most populous cities in Razavi Khorasan according to 2016 Census results announced by Statistical Center of Iran. After Mashhad, Nishapur, Sabzevar, and Torbat-e Heydarieh are the most populous cities of the province.
Archaeological sites
The main archeological sites discovered in this province include:
= Kohandezh hills
=Excavations conducted by an American team between 1935 and 1940 in Nishapur discovered museum-worthy objects, which were shared with the government of the Shah. The Metropolitan Museum of Art's publications document its own Nishapur ceramics from those excavations. For half a century after 1945 the site of Nishapur was ransacked to feed the international market demand for early Islamic works of art. Nowadays, the Kohandezh hills reveal the remains from those excavations.
= Shadiyakh
=Shadiyakh was an important palace in old Nishapur up to the 7th century, and became more important and populated after that. The palace was completely ruined in the 13th century. It was the home of notables such as Farid al-Din Attar, whose tomb is found in Shadiyakh.
Attractions
This province contains many historical and natural attractions, such as mineral water springs, small lakes, recreational areas, caves and protected regions, and various hiking areas.
Besides these, Khorasan encompasses numerous religious buildings and places of pilgrimage, including the shrine of Imam Reza, Goharshad mosque and many other mausoleums and Imamzadehs which attract visitors to this province.
The Cultural Heritage of Iran lists 1179 sites of historical and cultural significance in all three provinces of Khorasan.
Some of the popular attractions of Khorasan-e Razavi are:
= Mashhad
=Imam Reza Shrine
Goharshad Mosque
Tomb of Nader Shah
Tomb of Khajeh Rabie
Tomb of Ferdowsi
Haruniyeh Dome
= Nishapur
=Mausoleum of Attar of Nishapur
Mausoleum of Omar Khayyám
Tomb of Kamal-ol-molk
Tomb of Heydar Yaghma
Shadiyakh
Jameh Mosque of Nishapur
= Sabzevar
=Khosrogerd Minaret
Pamenar Mosque, Sabzevar
Jameh Mosque of Sabzevar
Tomb of Hadi Sabzevari
Tomb of Boghrat
= Kashmar
=Arg of Kashmar
Tomb of Hassan Modarres
Imamzadeh Seyed Morteza
Imamzadeh Hamzeh, Kashmar
Imamzadeh Mohammad
Grave of Pir Quzhd
Jameh Mosque of Kashmar
Haj Soltan Religious School
Haji Jalal Mosque
Atashgah Manmade-Cave
Atashgah Castle
Kohneh Castle, Zendeh Jan
Rig Castle
Amin al-tojar Caravansarai
Talaabad Watermill
Yakhchāl of Kashmar
= Khalilabad
=Jameh Mosque of Khalilabad
Kondor castle
Kondor Ab anbars
= Torbat-e Jam
=Sheikh Ahmad-e Jami mausoleum complex
= Gonabad
=Forud castle
Qanats of Gonabad
Kūh-Zibad
= Sarakhs
=Ribat-i Sharaf
Tomb of Baba Loghman
= Bardaskan
=Tomb of Abdolabad
Aliabad Tower
Firuzabad Tower
Firuzabad area
Seyyed Bagher Ab anbar
Darone Cave
Sir Cave
Rahmanniyeh Castle
Qal'eh Dokhtar, Khooshab
Qal'eh Dokhtar, Doruneh
= Bajestan
=Jameh Mosque of Marandiz
= Taybad
=Abbasabad Complex Taybad
Karat Minaret
= Rivash
=Qal'eh Dokhtar, Kuhsorkh
Nameq Village
Shahi Dam
Gabar Hesar castle
Baghdasht Peak
Band-e Qara Bathhouse
Natural Yakhchāl of Band-e Qara
Colleges and universities
Asrar Institute of Higher Education
Bahar Institute of Higher Education
Comprehensive University of Applied and Practical Sciences, Khorasan
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Gonabad University of Medical Sciences
Hakim-e Sabzevari University of Sabzevar
Imam Reza University
Islamic Azad University of Bardaskan
Islamic Azad University of Ghoochan
Islamic Azad University of Gonabad
Islamic Azad University of Mashhad
Islamic Azad University of Neishabur
Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar
Islamic Azad University of Torbat e Jam
Islamic Azad University of Torbat Heidariyeh
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Payame Noor University of Bardaskan
Payame Noor University of Mashhad
Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Sadjad University of Technology
Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran
Gallery
See also
Greater Khorasan
Khorasan Province
South Khorasan Province
North Khorasan Province
Media related to Razavi Khorasan Province at Wikimedia Commons
Iran portal
Notes
References
External links
The text of the law for division of Khorasan into three provinces (in Persian)
Cultural Heritage Foundation of Khorasan
Khorasan-e Razavi Province cooprative office
Khorasan-e Razavi Province cooprative office (in Persian)
Khorasan-e Razavi Province Department of Education (in Persian)
Imam Reza Shrine Official website
Mashad Mayor's Office
Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi Official website
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Provinsi Razavi Khorasan
- Zozan
- Pembagian administratif Iran
- Daerah aliran sungai di Iran
- Provinsi Semnan
- Razavi Khorasan province
- Khorasan province
- List of cities in Iran by province
- Mashhad
- Nishapur
- Mohammadabad
- Mava
- Khorasan
- Gulistan
- Sabzevar
