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    • Source: Textual variants in the First Epistle to Timothy

      • Textual variants in the First Epistle to Timothy are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.
      Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatus which was based on "nearly 100 [Greek] manuscripts." Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones.


      Legend


      A guide to the sigla (symbols and abbreviations) most frequently used in the body of this article.


      Textual variants




      See also


      An Historical Account of Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture
      Alexandrian text-type
      Biblical inerrancy
      Byzantine text-type
      Caesarean text-type
      Categories of New Testament manuscripts
      Comparison of codices Sinaiticus and Vaticanus
      List of New Testament verses not included in modern English translations
      Textual variants in the New Testament
      Western text-type


      References




      Further reading


      Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine, ed. E. Nestle, K. Aland, Stuttgart 1981.
      Bruce M. Metzger & Bart D. Ehrman, "The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration", OUP New York, Oxford, 4 edition, 2005
      Bart D. Ehrman, "The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture. The Effect of Early Christological Controversies on the Text of the New Testament", Oxford University Press, New York - Oxford, 1996, pp. 223–227.
      Bruce M. Metzger, "A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament: A Companion Volume to the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testament", 1994, United Bible Societies, London & New York.


      External links


      The Comparative Critical Greek New Testament
      Variantes textuais (in Portuguese)
      Varianten Textus receptus versus Nestle-Aland

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