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      The Acts of Andrew (Latin: Acta Andreae) is a Christian apocryphal work describing acts and miracles of Andrew the Apostle. It is alluded to in a Coptic 3rd-century work titled the Manichaean Psalm Book, so it must have been composed prior to that century. By the 4th century, the stories told in the book were considered apocryphal, and the book was relegated to the New Testament apocrypha.
      Historically, it was often classed as Gnostic in origin before the works discovered at Nag Hammadi clarified modern understanding of Gnosticism. It is now considered encratite—a product of an ascetical sect of Christians that forbade marriage.
      Prior to the twentieth century, Acts of Andrew was known chiefly through a book about Andrew by the medieval bishop Gregory of Tours. At that time, Gregory's book was considered to be a reliable epitome of the Acts of Andrew. The first modern edition of the work was a reconstruction published in 1924 by M. R. James that was based on Gregory's book. A new edition was published in 1989 by Jean-Marc Prieur based on manuscripts that had come to light in the years since 1924.
      Two main manuscript traditions have been rediscovered, as well as some citations and fragments that are assumed to have come from other lost sections. One of the two longer manuscripts is an early Coptic manuscript first published by Gilles Quispel in 1956 and now held at Utrecht University Library. Of an original fifteen pages, five had survived, constituting part of one of the narratives about Andrew. In this narrative, Andrew confronts a demon possessing a soldier. The other, much longer manuscript tradition is embodied in the Greek Martyrdom of Andrew (Martyrium Andreae prius), which, when supplemented by other manuscript fragments, totals 65 chapters.
      According to Prieur, the Acts of Andrew shows several signs of a mid-2nd-century origin. "The distinctive christology of the text" and its lack of mention of church organisation, liturgy, and ecclesiastical rites, lead one to "militate for an early dating". Prieur also stated that its "serene tone" and innocence of any polemic or disputes concerning its ideas or awareness of heterodoxy, particularly in the area of christology, show that "it derived from a period when the christology of the Great Church had not yet taken firm shape".
      Traditionally, the text is said to have been based on the Acts of John and the Acts of Peter, and even to have had the same author, the "Leucius Charinus" who is credited with all the 2nd-century romances. Like these works, the Acts of Andrew describes the travels of the title character, the miracles he performed during them, and finally his martyrdom. In fact, Dennis MacDonald, in his book Christianizing Homer: The Odyssey, Plato, and the Acts of Andrew, speculates that the book was a Christian retelling of Homer's Odyssey.
      In a separate text known by the name of the Acts of Andrew and Matthias, which was edited by Max Bonnet in 1898 and translated by M.R. James, Matthias is portrayed as a captive in a country of anthropophagi (literally 'man-eaters', i.e. cannibals) and is rescued by Andrew and Jesus; it is no longer considered to be a portion of the text of Acta Andreae.
      Like those in the two books of Acts on which it appears based, the miracles are extremely supernatural and highly extravagant. For example, aside from the usual miracles of raising the dead, healing the blind, and so forth, he survives being placed amongst fierce animals, calms storms, and defeats armies simply by crossing himself. There is also a great deal of moralising - Andrew causes an embryo which was illegitimate to die, and also rescues a boy from his incestuous mother, an act resulting in her laying false charges against them, requiring God to send an earthquake to free Andrew and the boy. So much does the text venture into the realm of extreme supernatural events, that, while being crucified, Andrew is still able to give sermons for three days.
      Eusebius of Caesarea knew the work, which he dismissed as absurd and the production of a heretic. Gregory of Tours was delighted to find a copy and wrote a drastically reduced recension of it about 593, leaving out the parts for "which, because of its excessive verbosity, [it] was called by some apocryphal", for which he felt it had been condemned. His free version expunges the detail that the apostle's ascetic preaching induced the proconsul's wife to leave her husband—socially and morally unacceptable to a Merovingian audience— brings the narrative into conformity with catholic orthodoxy of his time, then adds new material.


      Notes




      References




      External links


      Early Christian Writings: M.R. James, editor, 1924. Acts of Andrew
      The Acts of Andrew The Acts and Martyrdom of Andrew and The Acts of Andrew and Matthew
      Geoff Trowbridge, The "Whole" Bible
      Catholic Encyclopedia

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    The Acts of Andrew | PDF | Jesus | Saint Peter

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    Acts of Andrew : Early Christian Apocrypha (Paperback) - Walmart.com

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    Acts of Andrew - Wikipedia

    The Acts of Andrew (Latin: Acta Andreae) is a Christian apocryphal work describing acts and miracles of Andrew the Apostle. It is alluded to in a Coptic 3rd-century work titled the Manichaean Psalm Book , so it must have been composed prior to that century .

    The Acts of Andrew - Early Christian Writings

    Andrew began in the province of Achaia, but Matthew went to the city of Mermidona. (The rest of 1 and the whole of 2 give a short abstract of the Acts of Andrew and Matthew which Gregory either found prefixed to his copy of the Acts of Andrew, or thought himself obliged to notice, because of the popularity of the story.)

    Acts of Andrew - Encyclopedia of The Bible - Bible Gateway

    andrew, acts of. The Acts of Andrew are first mentioned by Eusebius (Hist. III. xxv. 6) among writings put forward by the heretics, of which, he says, no writer in the ecclesiastical succession has condescended to make any mention; in his opinion they are not even to be ranked with the spurious ( νόθα ) but rejected as altogether absurd and ...

    Acts of Andrew - Early Christian Writings

    Information on the Acts of Andrew. Jean-Marc Prieur writes concerning dating (The Anchor Bible Dictionary, v. 1, p. 246):The Manichean Psalter, which contains some allusions to the content of Acts Andr.

    The Acts of Andrew and Matthias - NEW ADVENT

    And Andrew commanded a cloud, and the cloud took up Matthias and the disciples of Andrew; and the cloud set them down on the mountain where Peter was teaching, and they remained beside him. And Andrew, having gone forth from the prison, walked about in the city; and having seen a brazen pillar, and a statue standing upon it, he came and sat ...

    CHURCH FATHERS: The Acts of Andrew - NEW ADVENT

    The blessed Andrew said: To God Almighty, who alone is true, I bring sacrifice day by day; not the smoke of incense, nor the flesh of bellowing bulls, nor the blood of goats, but sacrificing a spotless lamb day by day on the altar of the cross; and though all the people of the faithful partake of His body and drink His blood, the Lamb that has been sacrificed remains after this entire and alive.

    Acts of Andrew – NASSCAL

    The Acts of Andrew. Salem, OR: Polebridge, 2005 (English trans. of Mir. Andr. 2–33, pp. 43–76; Coptic, pp. 55–58; Martyrdom, pp. 77–111). ———, ed. and trans. The Acts of Andrew and the Acts of Andrew and Matthias in the City of the Cannibals. Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations 33: Christian Apocrypha 1.

    Who Was Andrew the Apostle? The Beginner’s Guide

    Jun 17, 2019 · Hence the derivation of the term, St. Andrew’s Cross.” Acts of Andrew. Acts of Andrew is an apocryphal text from the second or third century which claims to record the ministry of Andrew the apostle, which focused on the region of Achaea. Eusebius of Caesarea included it in a list of false accounts of the apostles that were regularly cited ...

    The Acts of Andrew - Bible Study - BibleWise

    Andrew began in the province of Achaia while Matthew went to Mermidona. Within a short time, Matthew ran into trouble, and Andrew had to rescue him. On his way back to his district, Andrew met a blind man who asked him for proper clothing and food. Andrew knew it was the devil talking and immediately healed the man of his blindness.

    Acts of Andrew and Matthias (Matthew) - Encyclopedia of The ...

    Among the most famous of the apocryphal romances, the Acts of Andrew and Matthias is extant in various VSS, including Lat., Gr. and Syr. It was prefixed by Gregory of Tours to his epitome of the Acts of Andrew (q.v.), but is not part of that work, and is also preserved in the Anglo-Saxon Andreas attributed to Cynewulf (see Brooks, Andreas and ...