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      Babylonian religion is the religious practice of Babylonia. Babylonia's mythology was largely influenced by its Sumerian counterparts and was written on clay tablets inscribed with the cuneiform script derived from Sumerian cuneiform. The myths were usually either written in Sumerian or Akkadian. Some Babylonian texts were translations into Akkadian from Sumerian of earlier texts, but the names of some deities were changed.


      Mythology and cosmology



      Babylonian myths were greatly influenced by the Sumerian religion. Sometimes they were written on clay tablets inscribed with the cuneiform script derived from Sumerian cuneiform. The myths were usually either written in the Sumerian or Akkadian language. Some Babylonian texts were even translations into Akkadian from the Sumerian language of earlier texts, although the names of some deities were changed in Babylonian texts.
      Many Babylonian deities, myths, and religious writings are singular to that culture; for example, the uniquely Babylonian deity, Marduk, replaced Enlil as the head of the mythological pantheon. The Enûma Eliš, a creation myth epic was an original Babylonian work. In it, Apsu and Tiamat created "the elements of the world", but fought for various reasons, with Tiamat winning but being slaughtered along with her army by Marduk. Marduk became the first king within Tiamat's split body, which created the earth and sky, and founded Babylon.


      Religious festivals



      Tablet fragments from the Neo-Babylonian period describe a series of festival days celebrating the New Year. The Festival began on the first day of the first Babylonian month, Nisannu, roughly corresponding to April/May in the Gregorian calendar. This festival celebrated the re-creation of the Earth, drawing from the Marduk-centered creation story described in the Enûma Eliš.


      Importance of idols


      In Babylonian religion, the ritual care and worship of the statues of deities were considered sacred; the gods lived simultaneously in their statues in temples and in the natural forces they embodied.
      The pillaging or destruction of idols was considered to be a loss of divine patronage; during the Neo-Babylonian period, the Chaldean prince Marduk-apla-iddina II fled into the southern marshes of Mesopotamia with the statues of Babylon's gods to save them from the armies of Sennacherib of Assyria.


      Babylonian gods


      Babylonia mainly focused on the god Marduk, who is the national god of the Babylonian empire. However, there were also other gods that were worshipped. These are the seven deities:

      Enlil
      Enki
      Inanna
      Nabu
      Nanna-Suen
      Ninhursag
      Utu
      At various times, a single god in Babylonian cities was assigned a primary "special duty" for each city, such as being "the god of earth and the air" or "the god of the sky", and seen as the god with the most influence in that city by far.


      See also


      Abba b. Martha, Babylonian scholar (third to fourth century)
      Ancient Mesopotamian religion
      Assyrian religion
      Religions of the ancient Near East
      Sumerian religion
      Tower of Babel
      Zoroastrianism


      References




      Further reading


      Renger, Johannes (1999), "Babylonian and Assyrian Religion", in Fahlbusch, Erwin (ed.), Encyclopedia of Christianity, vol. 1, Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, pp. 177–178, ISBN 0802824137

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    Babylonian religion - Wikipedia

    Babylonian religion is the religious practice of Babylonia. Babylonia's mythology was largely influenced by its Sumerian counterparts and was written on clay tablets inscribed with the cuneiform script derived from Sumerian cuneiform.

    What was the Ancient Babylonian Religion? – Bishop's ...

    May 22, 2019 · For the Babylonians, religion provided them with a coherent mythology. It was important for it not only served social functions but also explained the natural world. Foundational to Babylonian religion is the well-known creation myth of the Enuma Elish.

    Babylon | History, Religion, Time Period, & Facts | Britannica

    Feb 11, 2025 · Babylon, one of the most famous cities of antiquity. It was the capital of southern Mesopotamia (Babylonia) from the early 2nd millennium to the early 1st millennium BCE and capital of the Neo-Babylonian (Chaldean) empire in the 7th and 6th centuries BCE, when it was at the height of its splendor.

    Babylonian Religion and Mythology - Wikipedia

    Babylonian Religion and Mythology is a scholarly book written in 1899 by the English archaeologist and Assyriologist L. W. King (1869-1919). [1] This book provides an in-depth analysis of the religious system of ancient Babylon, researching its intricate connection with the mythology that shaped the Babylonians' understanding of their world. [2]

    Babylonian Religion - The Spiritual Life

    Babylonian religion is the religious practice of Babylonia. Babylonian mythology was greatly influenced by their Sumerian counterparts, and was written on clay tablets inscribed with the cuneiform script derived from Sumerian cuneiform.

    10 Characteristics Of Babylonian Civilization, Its History ...

    Some of the main cultural features of the Babylonian civilization were: Language . The Babylonian civilization spoke the Akkadian language, a Semitic language, a language that it maintained despite the fact that its founders had been the Amorites. For religious use, they used the Sumerian language. Writing .

    Babylonian civilization: characteristics, history, culture

    Feb 12, 2025 · Babylonian religion Marduk was the chief deity of the Babylonian pantheon. Babylonian religion was polytheistic. During the imperial period, the Babylonians established a unique cult across the empire, in which Marduk (the patron deity of Babylon) was above other gods. His cult was also adopted in the cities under Babylonian rule.

    Babylon - World History Encyclopedia

    Oct 14, 2022 · Babylon is the most famous city from ancient Mesopotamia whose ruins lie in modern-day Iraq 59 miles (94 km) southwest of Baghdad. The name is derived from bav-il or bav-ilim, which in Akkadian meant "Gate of God " (or "Gate of the Gods"), given as Babylon in Greek. In its time, it was a great cultural and religious center.

    Babylonian Mythology & Religion: The Empire

    Jan 12, 2024 · Religious morality in the Babylonian mythology The Assyrian-Babylonian god is a jealous, tyrannical and venal master, similar to the Yahweh of the Hebrews. He created the human for his own use, as the Babylonian Creation Poem says:

    The Influence of Babylonian Religion on Early Civilizations

    Oct 28, 2024 · Significant religious texts, such as the “Enuma Elish” (the Babylonian creation myth) and the “Epic of Gilgamesh,” provide insight into the beliefs and values of Babylonian society, showcasing their understanding of the divine and the cosmos.