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Culzean Castle ( kul-AYN, see yogh; Scots: Culzean, Culȝean, Colean) is a castle overlooking the Firth of Clyde, near Maybole, Carrick, in South Ayrshire, on the west coast of Scotland. It is the former home of the Marquess of Ailsa, the chief of Clan Kennedy, but is now owned by the National Trust for Scotland. The clifftop castle lies within the Culzean Castle Country Park and is opened to the public.
From 1972 until 2015, an illustration of the castle was featured on the reverse side of five pound notes issued by the Royal Bank of Scotland.
As of 2021, the castle was available for rent.
History
Culzean Castle was constructed as an L-plan castle by order of the 10th Earl of Cassilis. He instructed the architect Robert Adam to rebuild a previous, but more basic, structure into a fine country house to be the seat of his earldom. The castle was built in stages between 1777 and 1792. It incorporates a large drum tower with a circular saloon inside (which overlooks the sea), a grand oval staircase and a suite of well-appointed apartments.
The castle was the venue, on 14 November 1817, when the 1st Marquess of Ailsa's daughter, Margaret Radclyffe Livingstone Eyre, married Thomas, Viscount Kynnaird. Margaret would become a noted philanthropist.
In 1945, the Kennedy family gave the castle and its grounds to the National Trust for Scotland (thus avoiding inheritance tax). In doing so, they stipulated that the apartment at the top of the castle be given to General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower in recognition of his role as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe during the Second World War. The General first visited Culzean Castle in 1946 and stayed there four times, including once while President of the United States.
The Ayrshire (Earl of Carrick's Own) Yeomanry, a British Yeomanry cavalry regiment, was formed by the Earl of Cassillis at Culzean Castle in about 1794. On 24 June 1961, the regiment returned to the castle to be presented with its first guidon by General Sir Horatius Murray, KBE, CB, DSO.
The castle re-opened in April 2011 after a refurbishment funded by a gift in the will of American millionaire William Lindsay to the National Trust for Scotland. Lindsay, who had never visited Scotland, requested that a significant portion of his $4 million go towards Culzean. Lindsay was reportedly interested in Eisenhower's holidays at the castle.
Culzean Castle received 333,965 visitors in 2019.
Features
The armoury contains a propeller from a plane flown by Leefe Robinson when he shot down a German airship north of London in 1916.
To the north of the castle is a bay containing the Gas House, which provided town gas for the castle up until 1940. This group of buildings consists of the gas manager's house (now containing an exhibition on William Murdoch), the Retort House and the remains of the gasometer.
There are sea caves beneath the castle which are currently not open generally, but are open for tours throughout the summer.
The castle grounds include a walled garden, which is built on the site of the home of a former slave owned by the Kennedy family, Scipio Kennedy.
Ghosts
The castle is reputed to be home to at least seven ghosts, including a piper and a servant girl.
Film and television appearances
Culzean Castle is used as the castle of Lord Summerisle (played by Christopher Lee) in the 1973 cult film The Wicker Man. The scenes here were filmed between October and November 1972.
Culzean Castle featured in the 1997 PBS documentary series Castles of Scotland.
Culzean Castle and Country Park featured in the 2001 Bollywood film Pyaar Ishq Aur Mohabbat.
The Most Haunted team led by Yvette Fielding, Karl Beattie and medium Derek Acorah explored Culzean Castle's paranormal stories and reported sightings of ghosts for an episode of the first series, broadcast on Living TV in 2002.
The BBC TV Coast programme visited in series 2 episode 3 first shown in November 2009.
Culzean Castle appeared on the programme The Little Couple from TLC, where the family visited the castle on the Series 9 pilot episode in 2016.
It was the location for two episodes of BBC One’s Antiques Roadshow filmed in 2020 and transmitted in February and April 2021.
Gallery
See also
Banknotes of Scotland (featured on design)
References
External links
Culzean Castle – visitor information at the NTS website.
Papers of the National Trust of Scotland (Dwight D. Eisenhower's Culzean Castle apartment), Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library
Engraving of Cullean castle by James Fittler in the digitised copy of Scotia Depicta, or the antiquities, castles, public buildings, noblemen and gentlemen's seats, cities, towns and picturesque scenery of Scotland, 1804 at National Library of Scotland
Video footage of the Culzean Coal Gas Works
Video footage of the Culzean caves
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Scott Murdoch, Head Chef at Culzean Castle & Country Park shares his recipe for cranachan — a boozy, fruity delight with whisky, raspberries, oats, cream and homemade redcurrant jelly. Stay in touch. Be the first to hear about our latest news, get inspiration for great days out and learn about the work we do for the love of Scotland.
Culzean Castle was built for the Kennedy family, one of the oldest clans in Scotland, whose ancestry that can be traced back to Robert the Bruce. Immerse yourself in the history of this amazing place and celebrate some of Scotland’s great stories and traditions.
Culzean Culzean Castle; Back to places. Ayrshire & Arran . Culzean Castle & Country Park. Robert Adam’s cliff-top masterpiece rises above a world of woods, beaches, secret follies and play parks ... In the old cattle byre of the original Home Farm complex at Culzean, café visitors can enjoy delicious home-made food, freshly prepared in the ...
Due to damage caused in the recent storm, Culzean Castle & Country Park will remain closed on Monday 27 and Tuesday 28 January. We plan to reopen on Wednesday 29 January, tree works permitting. Please also note that all phone lines at Culzean are currently out of order; please email culzean@nts.org.uk in the meantime.
06 Mei 2021 · Culzean Castle is best known as Robert Adam’s cliff-top, romantic masterpiece, but a recent study has reviewed the evidence for its medieval predecessor. The core of the Kennedy family estate of Culzean , comprising 228 hectares, was given to …
25 Mei 2021 · A sprawling cliff-top masterpiece, which looms over woods, beaches, secret follies and play parks, Culzean Castle was the home and playground of the wealthy Kennedy family for many generations. Designed by Robert Adam in the late 18th century, the castle has been in the care of the National Trust for Scotland since 1945 and attracts hundreds of thousands of …
28 Agu 2018 · Culzean Castle & Country Park, on the coast near Ayr, is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Scotland, yet few visitors realise that this famous castle was built over a warren of caves. There are two sets: one is below the stables, which is open to the public; the other is below the castle and has a stone frontage and barred ...
17 Jul 2020 · Culzean Castle (1776–92) Culzean Castle is regarded as the epitome of the Picturesque movement in Scotland. Whilst the Picturesque movement traditionally favoured informality in both architecture and landscaping, at Culzean Robert Adam combined regularly ordered classical features with invented elements.
01 Agu 2019 · A tour of the spectacular Culzean Castle followed, with the littlest visitors enjoying the Lego trail before sampling afternoon tea in the castle’s restaurant, Fo’c’sle. To finish off, it was family fun time in the Adventure Cove and Wild Woodland play parks before enjoying an ice-cream from the Swan Pond’s ice cream parlour.
29 Jul 2019 · Culzean Castle is renowned for its splendour and history but less well known are the caves below. Shrouded in mystery and boasting a fascinating wealth of stories, there’s evidence of human activity in these caves since the Iron Age.
