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    • Source: Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast

      • DTMB (Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast) is the digital TV standard for mobile and fixed devices, developed in the People's Republic of China. It is used there and in both of their special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and also in Cambodia, the Comoros, Cuba, East Timor, Laos, Vietnam, and Pakistan. In Pakistan, as part of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor Project, ZTE Corporation will provide Pakistan Television Corporation collaboration across several digital terrestrial television technologies, staff training, and content creation, including partnerships with Chinese multinational companies in multiple areas, such as television sets and set top boxes, as a form of "International Cooperation".


      Overview


      Previously known as DMB-T/H (Digital Multimedia Broadcast-Terrestrial/Handheld), the DTMB is a merger of the standards ADTB-T (developed by the Shanghai Jiao Tong University), DMB-T (developed by Tsinghua University), and TiMi (Terrestrial Interactive Multiservice Infrastructure); this last one is the standard proposed by the Academy of Broadcasting Science in 2002.
      At first, neither Shanghai Jiao Tong University nor Tsinghua had enough political strength to make their own technology become the unique standard, so the final decision was to opt for a double standard, merged with the TIMI 3 standard, responding to a need for backward compatibility.
      The DTMB was created in 2004 and finally became an official DTT standard in 2006.


      = DTMB in China

      =
      2005 trial
      18/08/2006 formal adoption as a DTT standard
      08/08/2008 analogue to digital switchover
      30/11/2020-31/03/2021 analog switchoff


      = DTMB channel available in China

      =
      National:
      CCTV-1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, CGTN English
      Provinces:
      Main channel of province TV in each province

      High Definition Channel:
      Varies
      City or Local channel:
      Varies


      = DTMB in Hong Kong

      =

      18/08/2006 formal adoption as a DTT standard
      31/12/2007 analogue to digital switchover
      30/11/2020 analogue switchoff


      = DTMB in Macau

      =
      18/08/2006 formal adoption as a DTT standard
      15/07/2008 analogue to digital switchover
      30/06/2023 analogue switchoff


      = DTMB elsewhere

      =
      DTMB started in Laos in 2007.
      Cambodia adopted the DTMB standard in 2012.
      The Comoros chose DTMB in 2013.
      Cuba adopted DTMB in 2013.
      In 2017, Pakistan and ZTE signed a contract to deploy DTMB broadcasts in the country by 2020.
      East Timor adopted DTMB, and work to implement it started in 2019.


      Versus CMMB


      See China Multimedia Mobile Broadcasting (CMMB).


      Countries and territories using DTMB




      = Asia

      =
      Cambodia
      China, including its SARs:
      Hong Kong
      Macau
      Timor-Leste (trial)
      Laos
      Pakistan


      = Caribbean

      =
      Cuba


      = Africa

      =
      Comoros


      Countries and territories are available using DTMB




      = Europe

      =
      Armenia
      Belarus
      Cyprus
      Faroe Islands
      Greece
      Georgia
      Kazakhstan
      Lithuania
      Moldova
      North Macedonia
      Poland
      Russia
      Serbia
      Switzerland


      = Asia

      =
      Bahrain
      Iraq
      Kyrgyzstan – through border with China.
      Mongolia – through border with China.
      Oman
      Philippines – particularly Kalayaan Islands, known for reception of TV signals from Chinese-administered islands, although it is illegal to use due to national security.
      Tajikistan – through border with China.
      Uzbekistan


      = Africa

      =
      Egypt
      Gabon
      Mauritania
      Mayotte – Receives TV signals from Comoros.


      = The Americas

      =
      Mexico – particularly Quintana Roo and Yucatan, known for reception of TV signals from Cuba using this technology.
      United States – particularly Key West, Florida, known for reception of TV signals from Cuba using this technology.


      = Caribbean

      =
      Cayman Islands – receives TV signals from Cuba.
      Haiti – receives TV signals from Cuba.
      Jamaica – receives TV signals from Cuba.


      Description



      Besides the basic functions of traditional television service, the DTMB allows additional services using the new television broadcasting system. DTMB system is compatible with fixed reception (indoor and outdoor) and mobile digital terrestrial television.

      Mobile reception: is compatible with digital broadcasting TV in standard definition (SD), digital audio broadcasting, multimedia broadcasting, and data broadcasting service.
      Fixed reception: in addition to the previous services, also supports high definition digital broadcasting (HDTV).


      = Modulation

      =
      The DTMB standard uses many advanced technologies to improve their performance. For example, a pseudo-random noise code (PN) as a guard interval that allows faster synchronization system and a more accurate channel estimation, Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) for error correction, modulation Time Domain Synchronization - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (TDS-OFDM), which allows the combination of broadcasting in SD, HD, and multimedia services, etc.
      This system gives flexibility to the services offered to support the combination of single-frequency networks (SFN) and multi-frequency networks (MFN). The different modes and parameters can be chosen, depending on the type of service and network's environment.
      The sequence of pseudo-random pattern is defined in time domain, and the information of the Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is defined in the frequency domain. The two frames are multiplexed in the time domain, resulting in Time domain synchronization (TDS).


      = Functional scheme

      =
      This transmission system makes the conversion of the input signal to the output data of terrestrial TV signal.
      The data passes through the encoder, the error protection process FEC (Forward Error Correction), through the constellation mapping process, and then the interleaving processes the information to create the data blocks. The data block and the TPS information are multiplexed, and pass through the data processor to form the body structure. It combines information from the body and the head to form the frame and this is passed through the SRRC (Square Root Raised Cosine) filter to become a signal within an 8 MHz channel bandwidth. Finally, the signal is modulated to put it in the corresponding frequency band.


      = Features

      =
      Bit-rate: from 4.813 Mbit/s to 32.486 Mbit/s
      Combination of SD, HD, and multimedia services
      Flexibility of services
      Time and frequency domain of data-processing
      Broadcasting of between 6 and 15 SD channels and 1 or 2 HD channels
      Same quality of reception as wire broadcast


      See also


      CMMB
      OFDM system comparison table
      Media of China
      Telecommunications in China
      Telecommunications industry in China
      Digital television in China (PRC)
      Technical standards in Hong Kong
      Digital terrestrial television
      ATSC Standards- Advanced Television Systems Committee Standard
      DVB-T - Digital Video Broadcasting—Terrestrial
      ISDB-T International - Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting International


      References




      Further reading


      Kumar, Amitabh (2007). Mobile TV: DVB-H, DMB, 3G Systems and Rich Media Applications. Focal Press Media Technology Professional Series. Focal Press. ISBN 978-0-240-80946-5.


      External links


      ATSC, DTMB, DVB-T/DVB-T2, and ISDB-T - Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT)
      DMB-TH Reference Design
      IEEE Spectrum - Does China Have the Best Digital Television Standard on the Planet?
      (in Chinese) Information page of the standard on Standardization Administration of PRC site
      (in Chinese) Official announcement of intent to approve the standard on August 1, 2007, made by Standardization Administration of PRC
      (in Chinese) ChineseNewsNet report
      (in Chinese) C|Net China report
      Hong Kong Technical Standard for Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting
      MING-T, Multistandard Integrated Network convergence for Global Mobile and Broadcast Technologies
      (in Spanish) Venezuela starts trials DTMB

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