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      The flag of the state of New Mexico, also referred to as the New Mexican flag, is a state flag, consisting of a sacred red sun symbol of the Zia tribe on a field of gold (yellow). It was officially adopted on March 15, 1925 to highlight the state's Indigenous and Hispanic heritage: it combines a symbol of the Puebloan people, who have ancient roots in the state, with the colors of the flag of Spain, whose empire had established and ruled over “Nuevo México” for over two and a half centuries.
      The New Mexico flag is among the more distinctive and iconic in the U.S., and has been noted for its simple and aesthetically pleasing design. It is one of four U.S. state flags without the color blue (along with Alabama, California, and Maryland) and the only one among the four without the color white. New Mexico is one of only two U.S states (along with Oklahoma) that depicts indigenous iconography in its flag.
      The proportions of the symbol are fixed by New Mexico law: the four groups of rays are set at right angles, with the two inner rays one-fifth longer than the outer rays, and the diameter of the circle in the center is one-third the width of the symbol.


      History




      = First flag

      =

      During its first thirteen years as a state, New Mexico did not have an official flag. The San Diego World's Fair of 1915, which occurred three years after New Mexico's admission to the union, featured an exhibit hall where all U.S. state flags were displayed; lacking an official flag, New Mexico displayed an unofficial one designed by Ralph Emerson Twitchell, the mayor of the state capital, Santa Fe. Known as the "Twitchell flag", it consisted of a blue field with the U.S. flag in the upper left corner, the words "New Mexico" in silver lettering in the center of the flag, the number "47" in the upper right corner (in reference to New Mexico being the 47th state), and the state seal in the bottom right corner (which in some historical references is wrapped with the words "The Sunshine State"). As of 2005, the only known Twitchell flag in existence was displayed at the Palace of the Governors in Santa Fe.


      = Second flag (1925–present)

      =


      1920 redesign


      In 1920, the New Mexico chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) called for the creation of an official flag that would reflect the state's unique heritage and culture. A statewide contest was held in 1923 to solicit new designs. Eventually, a design made by Harry Mera of Santa Fe and sewn by his wife Reba Mera was selected. In 1925, Governor Arthur T. Hannett signed legislation proclaiming the Mera design the official state flag, which remains in use and unchanged to this day.
      Mera was a physician and archaeologist who was familiar with the Zia sun symbol, initially found at Zia Pueblo on a 19th century pottery jar (which was later revealed to have been taken from a tribal secret society by James and Matilda Stevenson in the 1890s). The symbol has sacred meaning to the indigenous Zia people. Four is a sacred number symbolizing the Circle of Life: the four directions, the four times of day, the four stages of life, and the four seasons; the circle binds these four elements of four together.
      The symbol was used without the permission of the Zia people, and they have fought to prevent it from being used without their permission, including via attempting to copyright it, during and after its adoption as a symbol of the state, and due to concerns over desecration of the symbol. A 2012 joint memorial by the state and the Zia people later acknowledged the state had appropriated the image without permission. Due to its longstanding use, the symbol is now unlikely to be eligible for copyright, falling into the American public domain, which remains a point of contention between the state and the Zia people, as the tribe was unaware of the specifics of such laws at the time the symbol was co-opted.
      The salutation, "I salute the flag of the State of New Mexico and the Zia symbol of perfect friendship among united cultures", is commonly recited in New Mexico public schools after the United States pledge of allegiance.
      The New Mexico flag was rated first in a 2001 survey of 72 U.S. and Canadian flags by the North American Vexillological Association.


      Adoption


      The flag is officially defined in law as:

      That a flag be and the same is hereby adopted to be used on all occasions when the state is officially and publicly represented, with the privilege of use by all citizens upon such occasions as they may deem fitting and appropriate. Said flag shall be the ancient Zia sun symbol of red in the center of a field of yellow. The colors shall be the red and yellow of old Spain. The proportion of the flag shall be a width of two-thirds its length. The sun symbol shall be one-third of the length of the flag. Said symbol shall have four groups of rays set at right angles; each group shall consist of four rays, the two inner rays of the group shall be one-fifth longer than the outer rays of the group. The diameter of the circle in the center of the symbol shall be one-third of the width of the symbol. Said flag shall conform in color and design described herein.
      The flag is worn on uniforms by sailors aboard the submarine USS New Mexico (SSN-779).


      Pledge



      The pledge to the state flag is available in English and Spanish:

      I salute the flag of the state of New Mexico, the Zia symbol of perfect friendship among united cultures.
      Saludo la bandera del estado de Nuevo México, el símbolo zia de amistad perfecta, entre culturas unidas.


      See also


      Great Seal of the State of New Mexico
      Flag of the Navajo Nation


      Notes




      References




      External links



      New Mexico state symbols

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    Flag of New Mexico - Wikipedia

    The flag of the state of New Mexico, also referred to as the New Mexican flag, is a state flag, consisting of a sacred red sun symbol of the Zia tribe on a field of gold (yellow).

    Flag of New Mexico | Colors, Facts & History | Britannica

    flag of New Mexico U.S. state flag consisting of a yellow field (background) with a Zia Indian sun in red as its central symbol. The original state flag of New Mexico, designed by the historian Ralph E. Twitchell and adopted in 1915, was typical of American vexillography (flag design).

    State Flag | Maggie Toulouse Oliver - Secretary of State of New Mexico

    Nov 2, 2021 · The State Flag of New Mexico has a modern interpretation of an ancient symbol of a sun design as seen on a late 19th century water jar from Zia Pueblo. This pueblo is thought to have been one of the Seven Golden Cities of Cíbola, which …

    Flag of New Mexico - State Symbols USA

    The colors on New Mexico's state flag are the red and yellow of old Spain. The simple, elegant center design is the ancient Zia sun symbol, which represents the unique character of New Mexico (Zia sun symbol also appears on New Mexico's state quarter).

    New Mexico Flag: Symbolism and History Revealed - Symbol Genie

    Jul 29, 2023 · The flag of New Mexico features a red sun symbol called the Zia, which is a sacred symbol to the Zia Pueblo tribe. It represents the four cardinal directions, the four seasons, the four stages of life, and the four sacred obligations of the Zia people.

    Flag of New Mexico facts for kids - Kids encyclopedia

    Nov 3, 2024 · The New Mexico flag is among the most unique and iconic in the U.S., and has been noted for its simple and aesthetic design. It is one of four U.S. state flags without the color blue (along with Alabama, California, and Maryland) and …

    New Mexico State Flag - WorldAtlas

    Dec 13, 2017 · New Mexico’s flag contains the symbol of Zia, which is a red sun, on a yellow background. The Zia are a native tribe in the Zia Pueblo Indian reservation in New Mexico. The tribe is known for their usage of the sun symbol.

    The New Mexico Flag And Zia Symbol History - New Mexico …

    The New Mexico flag uses the ancient Zia Sun symbol in red on a yellow background. It is a very simple design, but it has an elaborate meaning. The colors come from old Spain; yellow and red are found in the Spanish Cross of Burgundy flag, used during the reign Phillip the II (1556-1598).

    Flag of New Mexico - Flagpedia.net

    Current flag of New Mexico with main information. You will also learn the location of the state.

    New Mexico State Flag – 50states

    The state flag of New Mexico is represented by a yellow field and red symbols. It was officially adopted in 1925 and pays recognition to Spain by using the red and yellow colors of Spain – Spain had ruled New Mexico until the early 19th century.