- James A. Garfield
- Pembunuhan James A. Garfield
- James Rudolph Garfield
- Lucretia Rudolph Garfield
- Harry Augustus Garfield
- Chester A. Arthur
- Daftar presiden Amerika Serikat
- William McKinley
- 1881
- Charles J. Guiteau
- James A. Garfield
- Assassination of James A. Garfield
- James Rudolph Garfield
- James A. Garfield Memorial
- James Garfield (disambiguation)
- Camp James A. Garfield
- Garfield High School (Seattle)
- Inauguration of James A. Garfield
- List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States
- Lucretia Garfield
- James A. Garfield - Wikipedia
- James A. Garfield | Biography, Assassination, & Facts | Britannica
- James A. Garfield ‑ Assassination, Presidency & Facts - HISTORY
- Assassination of James A. Garfield - Wikipedia
- James A. Garfield - 20th President, Assassination, Civil War
- James Garfield - Death, Presidency & Facts - Biography
- James A. Garfield: 5 Major Accomplishments - World History Edu
- James A. Garfield: Life in Brief - Miller Center
- James A. Garfield: The Man Who ‘Stepped Down’ to Become …
- James Abram Garfield: 1831-1881 - U.S. National Park Service
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James A. Garfield GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21
James Abram Garfield (19 November 1831 – 19 September 1881) adalah seorang mayor jenderal Tentara Amerika Serikat, anggota Kongres Amerika Serikat, Presiden Amerika Serikat yang ke-20. Dengan masa jabatan tahun 1881 selama empat bulan. Ia terbunuh pada masa jabatannya dan digantikan oleh wakilnya, Chester Arthur.
Garfield menjadi Presiden Amerika Serikat kedua yang meninggal karena dibunuh yaitu Abraham Lincoln, William McKinley dan John F. Kennedy.
Masa kecil
James Garfield lahir pada 19 November 1831 dalam sebuah pondok di negara bagian Ohio. Ia adalah anak bungsu dari empat bersaudara. Ayahnya, seorang petani, meninggal dunia pada saat Garfield berumur dua tahun. Garfield lalu bekerja di ladang hingga ia berumur 16 tahun dan kemudian pergi ke sebuah kota di dekat kampungnya dan bekerja di sebuah kapal terusan.
Karier pemerintahan dan militer
Pendapatannya dari hasil bekerja di kapal itu ia gunakan untuk membiayai pendidikannya.
Pada 1856, ia menamatkan sekolah tingginya dan menjadi maha guru dalam bidang bahasa dan sastra kuno selama tiga tahun.
Pada 1859 di usia 28 tahun, Garfield terpilih menjadi anggota Senat negara bagian Ohio mewakili Partai Republik.
Pada 1861, kala Perang Saudara pecah di Amerika, James Garfield mengundurkan diri dari dunia politik untuk turut mendirikan resimen tentara sukarela Amerika Serikat. Garfield lalu diangkat menjadi Letnan Kolonel resimen tersebut walaupun ia tidak mempunyai pengalaman militer sama sekali. Tak lama setelahnya pangkatnya naik menjadi Kolonel, dan pada usia 31 tahun ia menjadi Brigadir Jendral, dan Mayor Jendral dua tahun kemudian.
Pada 1863 Garfield mengakhiri karier militernya ketika ia terpilih menjadi angota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Amerika, dan terus terpilih kembali selama 18 tahun berturut-turut. Ia pun menjadi tokoh terkemuka Partai Republik di Kongres.
Pada 1880, Garfield terpilih menjadi anggota Senat Amerika, pada tahun yang sama ia menjadi calon presiden dari Partai Republik. Garfield tidak pernah menjadi senator karena ia kemudian memenangkan pemilihan presiden dengan selisih 10.000 suara. Garfield berasal dari Partai Republik dan didampingi oleh Chester A. Arthur sebagai wakil presiden.
Masa kepresidenan dan pembunuhan
Pada 1881, empat bulan setelah ia dilantik menjadi presiden, Presiden James Garfield ditembak di stasiun kereta api di Washington D.C. oleh penderita gangguan jiwa bernama Charles J. Guiteau yang ingin menjadi pegawai pemerintahan. Presiden James Garfield sebenarnya merencanakan program pembangunan secara besar-besaran, namun rencana tersebut ikut mati bersamanya. Selama tiga bulan sakit parah akibat luka tembakan tersebut, ia tidak pernah pulih lagi. Presiden James Garfield menghembuskan napas terakhir pada 19 September 1881.
Posisinya sebagai presiden lalu digantikan oleh wakilnya, C.A. Arthur.
Galeri
Referensi
Buku Presiden - Presiden Amerika Serikat, diterbitkan oleh Dinas Penerangan dan Kebudayaan Amerika Serikat, Jakarta (2003)
Pranala luar
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
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James Garfield
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James A. Garfield summary | Britannica
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Top 20 James Garfield Facts - Presidency, Death... | Facts.net
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James A. Garfield | Biography, Assassination, & Facts | Britannica
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James A. Garfield - White House Historical Association
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James A. Garfield | American Battlefield Trust
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James A. Garfield - Students | Britannica Kids | Homework Help
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James A. Garfield on the App Store
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James A. Garfield
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James A. Garfield (U.S. National Park Service)
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20. JAMES A. GARFIELD (1881) – U.S. PRESIDENTIAL HISTORY
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James Garfield | The White House
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Daftar Isi
James A. Garfield - Wikipedia
James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 1881 until his death in September that year after being shot two months earlier.
James A. Garfield | Biography, Assassination, & Facts | Britannica
Feb 13, 2025 · James A. Garfield (born November 19, 1831, near Orange [in Cuyahoga county], Ohio, U.S.—died September 19, 1881, Elberon [now in Long Branch], New Jersey) was the 20th president of the United States (March 4–September 19, 1881). He had the second shortest tenure in U.S. presidential history.
James A. Garfield ‑ Assassination, Presidency & Facts - HISTORY
Oct 29, 2009 · James Garfield (1831-81) was sworn in as the 20th U.S. president in March 1881 and died in September of that same year from an assassin’s bullet, making his tenure in office the...
Assassination of James A. Garfield - Wikipedia
On July 2, 1881, James A. Garfield, the 20th president of the United States, was shot at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station in Washington, D.C., resulting in his death in Elberon, New Jersey, two and a half months later on September 19, 1881. The shooting occurred less than four months into his term as president.
James A. Garfield - 20th President, Assassination, Civil War
Feb 7, 2025 · On July 2, 1881, after only four months in office, while on his way to a family vacation in New England, Garfield was shot twice in the railroad station in Washington, D.C., by Charles J. Guiteau, a disappointed office seeker with messianic visions.
James Garfield - Death, Presidency & Facts - Biography
May 19, 2021 · James Garfield rose from humble beginnings to serve as a college president, a nine-time congressman, and military general before his election to the United States presidency in 1881. As the...
James A. Garfield: 5 Major Accomplishments - World History Edu
Jun 7, 2020 · James A. Garfield, 20th US President, is mostly remembered for being assassinated while in office. Regardless of his brief tenure, President James A. Garfield was still able to attain some pretty good milestone for his nation.
James A. Garfield: Life in Brief - Miller Center
James A. Garfield is remembered as one of the four "lost Presidents" who served rather uneventfully after the Civil War. Of the four lost Presidents—Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, and Harrison—Garfield is best remembered for his dramatic assassination a mere 100 days after he assumed office.
James A. Garfield: The Man Who ‘Stepped Down’ to Become …
4 days ago · James Abram Garfield was also a born-again Christian, saved at age 18, and was an elder in his church when elected president. He said, before leaving for Washington: ...
James Abram Garfield: 1831-1881 - U.S. National Park Service
James Garfield gained national attention in January 1862 with the Battle of Middle Creek, in the Sandy Valley of eastern Kentucky. The Lieutenant Colonel’s task was to drive the Confederates out of eastern Kentucky.