List of biologists GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      This is a list of notable biologists with a biography in Wikipedia. It includes zoologists, botanists, biochemists, ornithologists, entomologists, malacologists, and other specialities.


      A




      = Ab–Ag

      =
      John Jacob Abel (1857–1938), American biochemist and pharmacologist, founder of the first department of pharmacology in the United States.
      John Abelson (born 1938), American biologist with expertise in biophysics, biochemistry, and genetics
      Richard J. Ablin (born 1940), American immunologist. Research on prostate cancer. Discovered prostate-specific antigen (PSA) which led to the development of the PSA test
      Erik Acharius (1757–1819), Swedish botanist who studied lichens
      Gary Ackers (1939–2011), American biophysicist who worked on thermodynamics of macromolecules.
      Gilbert Smithson Adair (1896–1979), British protein chemist who identified cooperative binding of oxygen binding haemoglobin.
      Arthur Adams (1820–1878), English physician and naturalist who classified crustaceans and molluscs
      Michel Adanson (1727–1806), French naturalist who studied the plants and animals of Senegal
      Julius Adler (born 1930), American biochemist and geneticist known for work on chemotaxis.
      Monique Adolphe (1932–2022), French cell biologist, pioneer of cell culture
      Edgar Douglas Adrian (1st Baron Adrian) (1889–1977), British electrophysiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1932) for research on neurons
      Adam Afzelius (1750–1837), Swedish botanist who collected botanical specimens later acquired by Uppsala University
      Carl Adolph Agardh (1785–1859), Swedish botanist who classified plant orders and classes
      Jacob Georg Agardh (1813–1901), Swedish botanist known for classification of algae
      Louis Agassiz (1807–1873), Swiss zoologist who studied the classification of fish; opponent of natural selection
      Alexander Agassiz (1835–1910), American zoologist, son of Louis Agassiz, expert of marine biology and on mining
      Nikolaus Ager (also Nicolas Ager, Agerius) (1568–1634), French botanist, author of De Anima Vegetativa


      = Al–An

      =
      Nagima Aitkhozhina (1946–2020), Kazakh molecular biologist, structural and functional organisation of the genome of higher organisms and the molecular mechanisms of regulation of its expression.
      William Aiton (1731–1793), Scottish botanist, director of the botanical garden at Kew
      Bruce Alberts (born 1938), American biochemist, former President of the United States National Academy of Sciences, known for studying the protein complexes involved in chromosome replication, and for the book Molecular Biology of the Cell
      Robert Alberty (1921–2014), American physical biochemist, with many contributions to enzyme kinetics.
      Alfred William Alcock (1859–1933), British systematist of numerous species, aspects of biology and physiology of fishes
      Nora Lilian Alcock (1874–1972), British pioneer in plant pathology who did research on fungal diseases
      Boyd Alexander (1873–1910), English ornithologist who made surveys of birds in the Gold Coast (now Ghana), and the Bonin Islands
      Richard D. Alexander (1929–2018), American evolutionary biologist whose scientific pursuits integrated systematics, ecology, evolution, natural history and behaviour
      Salim Ali (1896–1987), Indian ornithologist who conducted systematic bird surveys across India
      Frédéric-Louis Allamand (1736–1809), Swiss botanist who described several plant genera
      Warder Clyde Allee (1885–1955), American zoologist and ecologist, identified the Allee effect (correlation between population density and individual fitness)
      Joel Asaph Allen (1838–1921), American zoologist who studied birds and mammals, known for Allen's rule
      Jorge Allende (born 1934), Chilean biochemist known for contributions to the understanding of protein biosynthesis
      George James Allman (1812–1898), British naturalist who did important work on the gymnoblasts
      June Dalziel Almeida (1930–2007), Scottish virologist who pioneered techniques for characterizing viruses, and discovered Coronavirus
      Tikvah Alper (1909–1995), South African radiobiologist who showed that the infectious agent of scrapie contains no nucleic acid
      Prospero Alpini (1553–1617), Italian botanist, the first in Europe to describe coffee and banana plants
      Sidney Altman (1939–2022), Canadian-born molecular biologist, winner of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on RNA


      = Am–As

      =
      Bruce Ames (born 1928), American biochemist, inventor of the Ames test for mutagenicity (sometimes regarded as a test for carcinogenicity)
      John E. Amoore (1939–1998), British biochemist and zoologist, originator of the stereochemical theory of olfaction.
      José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta (1832–1897), Portuguese naturalist who identified many new species of mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles
      Mortimer Louis Anson (1901–1968), American biochemist and protein chemist who proposed that protein folding was reversible
      Jakob Johan Adolf Appellöf (1857–1921), Swedish marine zoologist who made important contributions to knowledge of cephalopods
      Agnes Robertson Arber (1879–1960), British plant morphologist and anatomist, historian of botany and philosopher of biology
      Aristotle (384 BC–322 BC), Greek philosopher, sometimes regarded as the first biologist, he described hundreds of kinds of animals
      Emily Arnesen (1867–1928), Norwegian zoologist who worked on sponges
      Frances Arnold (born 1956), American biochemist and biochemical engineer, pioneer of the use of directed evolution to engineer enzymes.
      Ruth Arnon (born 1933), Israeli biochemist, who works on anti-cancer and influenza vaccinations. She participated in developing the multiple sclerosis drug Copaxone.
      Peter Artedi (1705–1735), Swedish naturalist who developed the science of ichthyology
      Gilbert Ashwell (1916–2014), American biochemist, pioneer in the study of cell receptor
      Ana Aslan (1897–1988), Romanian biologist who studied arthritis and other aspects of aging
      William Astbury (1898–1961), British physicist, molecular biologist and X-ray crystallographer


      = At–Az

      =
      David Attenborough (born 1926), British natural history broadcaster
      Jean Baptiste Audebert (1759–1800), French naturalist. Primarily an artist, he illustrated books of natural history, including Histoire naturelle des singes, des makis [lemurs] et des galéopithèques
      Jean Victoire Audouin (1797–1841), French zoologist: entomologist, herpetologist, ornithologist and malacologist
      John James Audubon (1786–1851), French and American ornithologist and illustrator, who identified 25 new species
      Charlotte Auerbach (1899–1994), German and British geneticist, founded the discipline of mutagenesis after discovering the effect of mustard gas on fruit flies
      Caroline Austin (20th–21st century), British molecular biologist known for her work on human DNA topoisomerase enzymes
      Richard Axel (born 1946), American Nobel Prize–winning physiologist who discovered how to insert foreign DNA into a host cell
      Julius Axelrod (1912–2004), American biochemist, winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on catecholamine neurotransmitters
      Francisco Ayala (1934–2023), Spanish-American evolutionary biologist and philosopher
      William Orville Ayres (1817–1887), American physician and ichthyologist with publications in popular sources
      Félix de Azara (1746–1811), Spanish naturalist who described more than 350 South American birds


      B




      = Ba

      =
      Charles Cardale Babington (1808–1895), British botanist and archaeologist
      Churchill Babington (1821–1889), British classical scholar, archaeologist and botanist
      John Bachman (1790–1874), American ornithologist; also one of the first scientists to argue that blacks and whites are the same species
      Curt Backeberg (1894–1966), German horticulturist, known for classification of cacti
      Karl Ernst von Baer (1792–1876), German naturalist (in Estonia), biologist, geologist, meteorologist, geographer, and a founding father of embryology
      Liberty Hyde Bailey (1858–1954), American botanist, one of the first to recognize the importance of Gregor Mendel's work
      Donna Baird (thesis 1980), American epidemiologist and evolutionary-population biologist, concerned with women's health
      Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823–1887), American naturalist, ornithologist, ichthyologist and herpetologist who collected and classified many species
      Scott Baker (born 1954), American marine biologist, cetacean expert
      John Hutton Balfour (1808–1884), Scottish botanist, author of numerous books, including Manual of Botany
      Clinton Ballou (1923–2021), American biochemist who worked on the metabolism of carbohydrates and the structures of microbial cell walls
      Henri Heim de Balsac (1899–1979), zoologist.
      David Baltimore (born 1938), American biologist, known for work on viruses. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975
      Outram Bangs (1863–1932), American zoologist who collected many bird species; author of more than 70 books and articles, 55 of them on mammals
      Joseph Banks (1743–1820), English naturalist, botanist who collected 30,000 plant specimens and discovered 1,400.
      Robert Bárány (1876–1936), Austro-Hungarian (later Swedish) physician. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1914) for studies of the vestibular system
      Horace Barker (1907–2000), American biochemist and microbiologist
      Ben Barres (1954–2017), American neurobiologist who studied mammalian glial cells of the central nervous system
      Ewa Bartnik (born 1949), Polish biologist and university professor
      Benjamin Smith Barton (1766–1815), American botanist, author of Elements of botany, or Outlines of the natural history of vegetables, the first American textbook of botany
      John Bartram (1699–1777), American botanist, described by Carl Linnaeus as the "greatest natural botanist in the world"
      William Bartram (1739–1823), American botanist, ornithologist, natural historian, and explorer, author of Bartram's Travels (as now known)
      Anton de Bary (1831–1888), German surgeon, botanist, microbiologist, and mycologist, considered a founding father of plant pathology (phytopathology) as well as the founder of modern mycology
      Dorothea Bate (1878–1951), Welsh palaeontologist and pioneer of archaeozoology who studied fossils
      Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), English naturalist who gave the first scientific account of mimicry
      Patrick Bateson (1938–2017), English biologist and science writer, president of the Zoological Society of London
      August Johann Georg Karl Batsch (1762–1802), German botanist, mycologist who discovered almost 200 species of mushrooms
      Gaspard Bauhin (1560–1624), Swiss botanist who introduced binomial nomenclature into taxonomy, foreshadowing Linnaeus


      = Be–Bi

      =
      George Beadle (1903–1989), American geneticist. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958 for discovery of the role of genes in regulating biochemical reactions within cells. 7th president of the University of Chicago.
      Johann Matthäus Bechstein (1757–1822), German naturalist, ornithologist, entomologist and herpetologist known for his treatise on singing birds Naturgeschichte der Stubenvögel
      Rollo Beck (1870–1950), American ornithologist known for collecting birds and reptiles, including three of the last four individuals of the Pinta Island tortoise
      Jon Beckwith (born 1935), American microbiologist and geneticist who worked on bacterial genetics.
      Charles William Beebe (1877–1962), American biologist, known for work on pheasants, and numerous books on natural history
      Martinus Beijerinck (1851–1931), Dutch microbiologist and botanist who discovered viruses and investigated nitrogen fixation by bacteria
      Helmut Beinert (1913–2007), German-American biochemist, a pioneer of the use of electron paramagnetic resonance in biological systems
      Chase Beisel (living), university biology professor
      Thomas Bell (1792–1880), English zoologist, surgeon and writer who described and classified Darwin's reptile specimens and crustaceans
      David Bellamy (1933–2019), English broadcaster, activist and ecologist
      Boris Pavlovich Belousov (1893–1970), Soviet chemist and biophysicist who discovered the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction
      Stephen J. Benkovic (born 1938), American bioorganic chemist specializing in mechanistic enzymology
      Edward Turner Bennett (1797–1836), English zoologist who described a new species of African crocodile
      George Bentham (1800–1884), English botanist, known for his taxonomy of plants, written with Joseph Dalton Hooker, Genera Plantarum
      Jacques Benoit (1896–1982), French biologist, physician. One of the pioneers of neuroendocrinology and photobiology.
      Robert Bentley (1821–1893), English botanist, known for Medicinal Plants (four volumes)
      Wilson Teixeira Beraldo (1917–1998), Brazilian physician and physiologist, co-discoverer of bradykinin
      Paul Berg (1926–2023), American biochemist known for work on gene splicing of recombinant DNA.
      Hans Berger (1873–1941), German neuroscientist, one of the founders of electroencephalography
      Carl Bergmann (1814–1865), German anatomist, physiologist and biologist who developed Bergmann's rule relating population and body sizes with ambient temperature
      Rudolph Bergh (1824–1909), Danish physician and zoologist who studied sexually transmitted diseases, and also molluscs
      Claude Bernard (1813–1878), French physiologist, father of the concepts of the milieu intérieur and homeostasis
      Samuel Stillman Berry (1887–1984), American zoologist who established 401 mollusc taxa, and worked on chitons, cephalopods, and also land snails
      Thomas Bewick (1753–1828), English ornithologist and illustrator, author of A General History of Quadrupeds
      Gabriel Bibron (1806–1848), French zoologist, expert on reptiles and author (with André Marie Constant Duméril) of Erpétologie Générale
      Klaus Biemann (1926–2016), Austrian chemist, the "father of organic mass spectrometry"
      Ann Bishop (1899–1990), English biologist who specialized in protozoology and parasitology
      Biswamoy Biswas (1923–1994), Indian ornithologist who studied, in particular, the birds of Nepal and Bhutan


      = Bl–Bo

      =
      Elizabeth Blackburn (born 1948), Australian/US Nobel Prize–winning researcher in the field of telomeres and the "telomerase" enzyme
      John Blackwall (1790–1881), British entomologist, author of A History of the Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland
      Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777–1850), French zoologist, taxonomic authority on numerous zoological species, including Blainville's beaked whale
      Albert Francis Blakeslee (1874–1954), American botanist, best known for research on Jimsonweed and the sexuality of fungi
      Thomas Blakiston (1832–1891), English naturalist. "Blakiston's Line" separates animal species of Hokkaidō and northern Asia, from those of Honshū and southern Asia.
      Frank Nelson Blanchard (1888–1937), American herpetologist who described new subspecies of snakes.
      Frjeda Blanchard (1889–1977), American plant and animal geneticist who demonstrated Mendelian inheritance in reptiles.
      William Thomas Blanford (1832–1905), English geologist and naturalist, editor of The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma.
      Pieter Bleeker (1819–1878), Dutch ichthyologist whose papers described 511 new genera and 1,925 new species
      Günter Blobel (1936–2018), German Nobel Prize-winning biologist who discovered that newly synthesized proteins contain "address tags" which direct them to the proper location within the cell
      Konrad Emil Bloch (1912–2000), German-American biochemist who worked on cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism
      Steven Block (born 1952), American biophysicist who measured the mechanical properties of single bio-molecules
      David Mervyn Blow (1931–2004), British X-ray crystallographer noted for work on protein structure
      Carl Ludwig Blume (Karel Lodewijk Blume, 1789–1862), German-Dutch botanist who studied the flora of southern Asia, particularly Java
      Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752–1840), German physiologist and anthropologist who classified human races on the basis of skull structure
      Edward Blyth (1810–1873), English zoologist who classified many birds of India
      José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage (1823–1907), Portuguese zoologist with many papers on mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, and others
      Pieter Boddaert (1730–1795/1796), Dutch physician and naturalist who named many mammals, birds and other animals
      Brendan J. M. Bohannan (21st century), American microbial and evolutionary biologist, expert on the microbes of Amazonia
      Charles Lucien Bonaparte (1803–1857), French naturalist who coined Latin names for many bird species
      James Bond (1900–1989), American ornithologist, author of Birds of the West Indies
      Franco Andrea Bonelli (1784–1830), Italian ornithologist, author of a Catalogue of the Birds of Piedmont, which described 262 species
      August Gustav Heinrich von Bongard (1786–1839), German botanist in St Petersburg, one of the first botanists to describe the plants of Alaska
      John Tyler Bonner (1920–2019), American developmental biologist, expert on slime moulds
      Charles Bonnet (1720–1793), Genevan naturalist who published work on many subjects, including insects and plants
      Aimé Bonpland (1773–1858), French explorer and botanist who collected and classified about 6,000 plants unknown in Europe
      Jules Bordet (1870–1961), Belgian immunologist and microbiologist, winner of the 1919 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the complement system in the immune system
      Antonina Georgievna Borissova (1903–1970), Russian botanist who specialized on the flora of the deserts and semi-desert of central Asia
      Norman Borlaug (1914–2009), American agricultural scientist, humanitarian, Nobel Peace Prize, and the father of the Green Revolution
      Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc (1759–1828), French botanist, invertebrate zoologist, and entomologist, who made a systematic examination of the mushrooms of the southern United States
      George Albert Boulenger (1858–1937), Belgian and British zoologist, author of 19 monographs on fishes, amphibians, and reptiles
      Jules Bourcier (1797–1873), French ornithologist, expert on hummingbirds
      Paul D. Boyer (1918–2018), American biochemist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1997 for studies of ATP synthase


      = Br–Bu

      =
      Margaret Bradshaw (born 1941), New Zealand Antarctic researcher who has worked on Devonian invertebrate palaeontology
      Johann Friedrich von Brandt (1802–1879), German-Russian naturalist who described various birds; also an entomologist, specialising in beetles and millipedes
      Sara Branham Matthews (1888–1962), American microbiologist and physician best known for her research into the isolation and treatment of Neisseria meningitidis
      Christian Ludwig Brehm (1787–1864), German ornithologist who described many German species of birds
      Alfred Brehm (1829–1884), German zoologist, author of many works on animals and especially birds
      Sydney Brenner (1927–2019), British molecular biologist who worked on the genetic code, and later established the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism for developmental biology. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2002)
      Thomas Mayo Brewer (1814–1880), American naturalist, specializing in ornithology and oology (the study of birds' eggs)
      William Brewster (1851–1919), American ornithologist, curator of mammals and birds at Harvard.
      Mathurin Jacques Brisson (1723–1806), French zoologist, author of Le Règne animal and Ornithologie
      Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859–1934), American botanist, coauthor of Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada, and the British Possessions
      Thomas D. Brock (1926–2021), American microbiologist who discovered of hyperthermophiles such as Thermus aquaticus
      Adolphe Theodore Brongniart (1801–1876), French botanist, author of many works, including Histoire des végétaux fossiles
      Robert Broom (1866–1951), South African paleontologist, author many many papers and books, including The mammal-like reptiles of South Africa and the origin of mammals
      Adrian John Brown (1852–1920), British expert on brewing and malting, pioneer of enzyme kinetics
      James H. Brown (born 1942), American ecologist known for his metabolic theory of ecology
      Patrick O. Brown (born 1954), American biochemist who has developed experimental methods with DNA microarrays to investigate genome organization
      Robert Brown (1773–1858), Scottish botanist known for pioneering use of the microscope in botany
      David Bruce (1855–1931), Scottish pathologist and microbiologist who investigated Malta fever (now called brucellosis) and discovered trypanosomes
      Jean Guillaume Bruguière (1750–1798), French naturalist, mainly interested in molluscs and other invertebrates
      Thomas Bruice (1925–2019), American bioorganic chemist, pioneer of chemical biology
      Morten Thrane Brünnich (1737–1827), Danish zoologist, author of Ornithologia Borealis and Ichthyologia Massiliensis
      Francis Buchanan-Hamilton (1762–1829), Scottish zoologist and botanist who studied plants and fishes in India
      Eduard Buchner (1860–1917), German chemist and physiologist who overthrew the doctrine of vitalism by showing that fermentation occurred in cell-free extracts of yeast
      Linda B. Buck (born 1947), American physiologist noted for work on the olfactory system. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2004).
      Buffon (Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, 1707–1788), French naturalist. Author of many works in evolution, including Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière.
      Walter Buller (1838–1906), New Zealand naturalist, a dominant figure in New Zealand ornithology. Author of A History of the Birds of New Zealand.
      Alexander G. von Bunge (1803–1890), German-Russian botanist who studied Mongolian flora.
      Luther Burbank (1849–1926), American horticulturalist who developed more than 800 strains and varieties of plants, many of commercial importance
      Hermann Burmeister (1807–1892), German Argentinian zoologist, entomologist, herpetologist, and botanist, who described many new species of amphibians and reptiles
      Frank Macfarlane Burnet (1899–1985), Australian virologist. Nobel Prize in 1960 for predicting acquired immune tolerance and for developing the theory of clonal selection.
      Carolyn Burns (born 1942), New Zealand ecologist who studies the physiology and population dynamics of southern hemisphere zooplankton and food-web interactions
      Robert H. Burris (1914–2010), American biochemist, expert on nitrogen fixation
      Carlos Bustamante (born 1951), Peruvian-American biophysicist who uses "molecular tweezers" to manipulate DNA for biochemical experiments
      Ernesto Bustamante (born 1950), Peruvian biochemist, specialist in mitochondria demonstrated the importance of mitochondrial hexokinase in glycolysis in rapidly growing malignant tumour cells. He currently works on DNA paternity testing.


      C




      = Ca

      =
      Jean Cabanis (1816–1906), German ornithologist, founder of the Journal für Ornithologie
      Ángel Cabrera (1879–1960), Spanish zoologist, author of South American Mammals
      George Caley (1770–1829), English explorer and botanist, discoverer of Mount Banks, Australia
      Rudolf Jakob Camerarius (1665–1721), German botanist, chiefly known for studies of the reproductive organs of plants
      Augustin Pyramus de Candolle (1778–1841), Swiss botanist who documented many plant families and created a new plant classification system
      Charles Cantor (born 1942), American biophysicist, known for pulse field gel electrophoresis, and as Director of the Human Genome Project
      Elizabeth P. Carpenter (21st century), British structural biologist, professor
      Philip Pearsall Carpenter (1819–1877), British conchologist, author of Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells, in the British Museum: collected by Frederick Reigen
      Alexis Carrel (1873–1944), French biologist and surgeon, winner of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on sutures and organ transplants, advocate of eugenics
      Elie-Abel Carrière (1818–1896), French botanist, an authority on conifers who described many new species
      Clodoveo Carrión Mora (1883–1957), Ecuadorian paleontologist and naturalist who discovered many species and one genus
      Sean B. Carroll (born 1960), American evolutionary development biologist, author of The Making of the Fittest: DNA and the Ultimate Forensic Record of Evolution and other books
      Rachel Carson (1907–1964), American marine biologist, author of Silent Spring
      George Washington Carver (1860–1943), American agriculturist, author of bulletins on crop production, including How to Grow the Peanut and 105 Ways of Preparing it for Human Consumption
      John Cassin (1813–1869), American ornithologist, who named many birds not described in the works of his predecessors
      Alexandre de Cassini (1781–1832), French botanist who named many flowering plants and new genera in the sunflower family, many of them from North America
      Amy Castle (1880–1971), New Zealand entomologist, who worked primarily on the Lepidoptera
      William E. Castle (1867–1962), American geneticist who contributed to the mathematical foundations of Mendelian genetics, and anticipated what is now known as the Hardy–Weinberg law.
      Mark Catesby (1683–1749), English naturalist who studied flora and fauna in the New World. Author of Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands


      = Ce–Ch

      =
      Thomas Cech (born 1947), American biochemist who discovered catalytic RNA, Nobel Prize in 1989
      Andrea Cesalpino (1519–1603), Italian botanist who classified plants according to their fruits and seeds, rather than alphabetically or by medicinal properties
      Francesco Cetti (1726–1778), Italian zoologist, author of Storia Naturale di Sardegna (Natural History of Sardinia)
      Carlos Chagas (1879–1934), Brazilian physician who identified Trypanosoma cruzi as cause of Chagas disease
      Adelbert von Chamisso (Louis Charles Adélaïde de Chamissot, 1781–1838), German botanist, whose most important contribution was the description of many Mexican trees
      Juliana Chan, Singaporean biologist and science communicator
      Britton Chance (1913–2010), American biochemist, inventor of the stopped-flow method
      Min Chueh Chang (1908–1991), Chinese-American reproductive biologist who studied the fertilisation process in mammalian reproduction, with work that led to the first test tube baby
      Jean-Pierre Changeux (born 1936), French biochemist and neuroscientist, originator of the allosteric model of cooperativity
      Frank Michler Chapman (1864–1945), American ornithologist, who promoted the use of photography in ornithology, especially in his book Bird Studies With a Camera.
      Erwin Chargaff (1905–2002), Austrian-American biochemist known for Chargaff's rules
      Emmanuelle Charpentier (born 1968), French microbiologist, geneticist and biochemist who discovered genome editing with CRISPR.
      Martha Chase (1927–2003), American biologist who carried out the Hershey–Chase experiment, which showed that genetic information is held and transmitted by DNA, not by protein
      Thomas Frederic Cheeseman (1846–1923), New Zealand botanist and naturalist with wide-ranging interests, including sea slugs
      Sergei Chetverikov (1880–1959), Russian population geneticist who showed how early genetic theories applied to natural populations, and thus contributed towards the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory
      Charles Chilton (1860–1929), New Zealand zoologist with 130 papers on crustaceans, mostly amphipods, isopods and decapods, from all around the world, but especially from New Zealand
      Carl Chun (1852–1914), German marine biologist specializing in cephalopods and plankton. He discovered and named the vampire squid
      Aaron Ciechanover (born 1947). Israeli biochemist known for work on protein turnover, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2004


      = Cl–Co

      =
      Albert Claude (1899–1983), Belgian-American cell biologist who developed cell fractionation; Nobel Prize 1974
      W. Wallace Cleland (1930–2013). American biochemist known for work on enzyme kinetics and mechanism
      Nathan Cobb (1859–1932), American biologist who described over 1000 different nematode species and laid the foundations of nematode taxonomy
      Leonard Cockayne (1855–1934), New Zealand botanist especially active in plant ecology and theories of hybridisation
      Alfred Cogniaux (1841–1916), Belgian botanist who worked especially with orchids
      Stanley Cohen (1922–2020), American biochemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1986) for his discovery of growth factors
      Edwin Joseph Cohn (1892–1953), American protein chemist known for studies on blood and the physical chemistry of protein
      Mildred Cohn (1913–2009), American pioneer in the use of nuclear magnetic resonance to study enzymes
      James J. Collins (born 1965), American biologist, synthetic biology and systems biology pioneer
      Timothy Abbott Conrad (1803–1877), American paleontologist and naturalist who studied the shells of the Tertiary and Cretaceous formations, as well as existing species of molluscs
      James Graham Cooper (1830–1902), American surgeon and naturalist who contributed to both zoology and botany
      Edward Drinker Cope (1840–1897), American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, also a herpetologist and ichthyologist, and founder of the Neo-Lamarckism school of thought
      Carl Ferdinand Cori (1896–1984), Czech-American biochemist and pharmacologist, 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work on the Cori cycle
      Gerty Cori (1886–1957), Czech-American biochemist, first American woman to win a Nobel Prize in science (Physiology or Medicine, 1947), for unraveling the mechanism of glycogen metabolism
      Charles B. Cory (1857–1921), American ornithologist who collected many birds. Author of The Birds of Haiti and San Domingo and other books.
      Emanuel Mendes da Costa (1717–1791), English botanist, naturalist, philosopher, author of A Natural History of Fossils, British Conchology, and other books
      Elliott Coues (1842–1899), American army surgeon, historian, ornithologist, and author of Key to North American Birds, did much to promote the systematic study of ornithology
      Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer (1907–2004), South African zoologist who discovered the Coelacanth
      Jacques-Yves Cousteau (1910–1997), French naval officer, explorer, conservationist, filmmaker, innovator, scientist, photographer, author and researcher who studied the sea and all forms of life in water
      Miguel Rolando Covian (1913–1992), Argentine-Brazilian neurophysiologist known for research on the neurophysiology of the limbic system, regarded as the father of Brazilian neurophysiology
      Frederick Vernon Coville (1867–1937), American botanist, author of Botany of the Death Valley Expedition


      = Cr–Cu

      =
      Robert K. Crane, (1919–2010), American biochemist who discovered sodium–glucose cotransport
      Lucy Cranwell (1907–2000), New Zealand botanist who organized the Cheeseman herbarium of about 10,000 specimens in Auckland
      Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar (1786–1845), German physician and zoologist (especially birds and mammals)
      Francis Crick (1916–2004), British molecular biologist, biophysicist and neuroscientist, best known for discovering the structure of DNA (with James Watson); Nobel Prize 1962
      Joseph Charles Hippolyte Crosse (1826–1898), French conchologist, expert on molluscs, co-editor of the Journal de Conchyliologie
      Nicholas Culpeper (1616–1654), English botanist, author of The English Physitian
      Allan Cunningham (1791–1839), English botanist, "King's Collector for the Royal Garden at Kew" (in Australia)
      Gordon Herriot Cunningham (1892–1962), New Zealand mycologist who published extensively on the taxonomy of fungi
      Kathleen Curtis (1892–1993), New Zealand mycologist and plant pathologist, a founder of plant pathology in New Zealand
      William Curtis (1746–1799), English botanist, author of Flora Londinensis
      Georges Cuvier (1769–1832), French naturalist, author of Le Règne Animal (the Animal Kingdom), the "founding father of paleontology"


      D




      = Da

      =
      Valerie Daggett (thesis 1990), American bioengineer who simulates proteins and other biomolecules by molecular dynamics
      Anders Dahl (1751–1789), Swedish botanist whose name is recalled in the Dahlia, author of Observationes botanicae circa systema vegetabilium
      William Healey Dall (1845–1927), American malacologist, one of the earliest scientific explorers of interior Alaska. He described many mollusks of the Pacific Northwest of America
      Keith Dalziel (1921–1994), British biochemist, pioneer in systematizing the kinetics of two-substrate enzyme-catalysed reactions
      Carl Peter Henrik Dam (1895–1976), Danish physiologist who discovered vitamin K
      Marguerite Davis (1887–1967), American biochemist, co-discoverer of vitamins A and B
      Jivanayakam Cyril Daniel (1927–2011), Indian naturalist, director of the Bombay Natural History Society, author of The Book of Indian Reptiles
      Charles Darwin (1809–1882), British naturalist, author of The Origin of Species, in which he expounded the theory of natural selection, the starting point of modern evolutionary biology
      Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802), English physician and naturalist, founding member of the Lunar Society, grandfather of Charles Darwin
      Jean Dausset (1916–2009), French immunologist who worked on the major histocompatibility complex
      Charles Davenport (1866–1944), American biologist and eugenicist, founded the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
      Gertrude Crotty Davenport (1866–1946), American zoologist prominent in the eugenics movement
      Armand David (Père David) (1826–1900), French zoologist and botanist, commissioned by the Jardin des Plantes to undertake scientific journeys through China
      Bernard Davis (1916–1994), American biologist who worked on microbial physiology and metabolism
      Richard Dawkins (born 1941), British evolutionary biologist and writer of popular science, author of The Selfish Gene, The Blind Watchmaker, The God Delusion and other influential books
      Margaret Oakley Dayhoff (1925–1983), American biochemist, pioneer in bioinformatics.


      = De–Di

      =
      Pierre Antoine Delalande (1787–1823), French naturalist employed by the National Museum of Natural History to collect natural history specimens
      Max Delbrück (1906–1981), German-American physicist and biologist who demonstrated that natural selection acting on random mutations applied to bacteria, one of the creators of molecular biology; Nobel Prize 1969.
      Richard Dell (1920–2002), New Zealand malacologist, author of The Archibenthal Mollusca of New Zealand
      Stefano Delle Chiaje (1794–1860), Italian zoologist, botanist, anatomist and physician who worked on medicinal plants and on the taxonomy of invertebrates
      Paul Émile de Puydt (1810–1888), Belgian botanist, author of Les Orchidées, histoire iconographique ..., active in political philosophy as well as botany
      René Louiche Desfontaines (1750–1833), French botanist and ornithologist who collected many plants in Tunisia and Algeria
      Gérard Paul Deshayes (1795–1875), French geologist and conchologist, distinguished for research on mollusc fossils
      Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest (1784–1838), French zoologist, author of Histoire Naturelle des Tangaras, des Manakins et des Todiers (natural history of various birds)
      Margaret Dick (1918–2008), pioneering Australian microbiologist
      Ernst Dieffenbach (1811–1855), German naturalist, one of the first scientists to work in New Zealand
      Johann Jacob Dillenius (1684–1747), German botanist who worked in England on rare plants and mosses
      Lewis Weston Dillwyn (1778–1855), British botanist and conchologist, also active in porcelain manufacture and politics, author of The British Confervae, an illustrated study of British freshwater algae
      John T. Dingle (active from 1959) British biologist and rheumatologist.
      Joan Marjorie Dingley (1916–2008), New Zealand mycologist, world authority on fungi and New Zealand plant diseases
      Zacharias Dische (1895–1988), Ukrainian-Jewish-American biochemist who discovered metabolic regulation by feedback inhibition
      Malcolm Dixon (1899–1985), British biochemist, authority on enzyme structure, kinetics, and properties; author (with Edwin Webb) of Enzymes.


      = Do–Du

      =
      Walter Dobrogosz (born 1933), American microbiologist, discoverer of Lactobacillus reuteri
      Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900–1975), American geneticist of Ukrainian origin, one of the leading evolutionary biologists of his time
      Rembert Dodoens (1517–1585), Flemish botanist who classified plants according to their properties and affinities (rather than listing them alphabetically)
      Anton Dohrn (1840–1909), German marine biologist, Darwinist, founder of the world's first zoological research station, in Naples
      David Don (1799–1841), British botanist who described major conifers discovered in his time, including the Coast Redwood.
      George Don (1798–1856), British botanist known for his four-volume A General System of Gardening and Botany.
      James Donn (1758–1813), English botanist, curator of the Cambridge University Botanic Gardens, and author of Hortus Cantabrigiensis
      Jean Dorst (1924–2001), French ornithologist, authority on bird migration and one of the writers of Le Peuple Migrateur (Winged Migration)
      Edward Doubleday (1810–1849), British entomologist known for The Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera
      Henry Doubleday (1808–1875), British entomologist, author of the first catalogue of British butterflies and moths, Synonymic List of the British Lepidoptera
      Jennifer Doudna (born 1964), American biochemist known for CRISPR-mediated genome editing; Nobel Prize 2020
      David Douglas (1799–1834), Scottish botanist who studied conifers. The Douglas-fir is named after him.
      Patricia Louise Dudley (1929–2004), American zoologist who studied copepods (small crustaceans)
      Peter Duesberg (born 1936), German-American virologist who discovered the first retrovirus, and expert on genetic aspects of cancer, but his research contributions are overshadowed by his unpopular views on AIDS
      Félix Dujardin (1802–1860), French zoologist who studied protozoans, and also the structure of the insect brain
      Renato Dulbecco (1914–2012), Italian-American virologist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on oncoviruses
      Ronald Duman (1954–2020), American neuroscientist whose work in biological psychiatry concerned the biological mechanisms behind antidepressants
      André Marie Constant Duméril (1774–1860), French zoologist at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, who worked on herpetology and ichthyology
      Auguste Duméril (1812–1870), French zoologist, professor of herpetology and ichthyology, noted for Catalogue méthodique de la collection des Reptiles
      Charles Dumont de Sainte-Croix (1758–1830), French lawyer, but also an amateur ornithologist who described a number of Javanese bird species
      Michel Felix Dunal (1789–1856), French botanist known for work on the genus Solanum
      Robin Dunbar (born 1947), British anthropologist and evolutionary psychologist, a specialist in primate behaviour.
      Gerald Durrell (1925–1995), British naturalist, writer, zookeeper, conservationist, and television presenter, writer of popular books, such as My Family and Other Animals
      Christian de Duve (1917–2013), Belgian cytologist and biochemist, discoverer of peroxisomes and lysosomes


      E


      Sylvia Earle (born 1935), American oceanographer, author of Blue Hope: Exploring and Caring for Earth's Magnificent Ocean
      Lindon Eaves (1944–2022), British geneticist (and priest) known for statistical modelling and the genetics of personality and social attitudes
      John Carew Eccles (1903–1997), Australian neurophysiologist and winner of the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the synapse
      Christian Friedrich Ecklon (1795–1868), Danish botanical collector, particularly of South African plants and apothecary
      Gerald Edelman (1929–2014), American immunologist who discovered the structure of antibodies
      Robert Stuart Edgar (1930– 2016), American geneticist who studied mechanisms of formation of virus particles
      John Tileston Edsall (1902–2002), American protein chemist at Harvard, author of Proteins, Amino Acids and Peptides
      George Edwards (1693–1773), British naturalist, ornithologist and illustrator, author of A Natural History of Uncommon Birds
      Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (1795–1876), German zoologist, comparative anatomist, geologist, and microscopist
      Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915), German immunologist who discovered the first effective treatment for syphilis
      Karl Eichwald (1795–1876), Baltic German geologist, physician, and naturalist, who described new species of reptiles
      Theodor Eimer (1843–1898), German professor of zoology and comparative anatomy who studied speciation and kinship in butterflies
      George Eliava (1892–1937), Georgian-Soviet microbiologist who worked with bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria)
      Gertrude B. Elion (1918–1999), American pharmacologist known for using rational drug design for the discovery of new drugs
      Daniel Giraud Elliot (1835–1915), American zoologist, founder of the American Ornithologist Union
      Gladys Anderson Emerson (1903–1984), American historian and nutritionist, the first to isolate pure Vitamin E
      Günther Enderlein (1872–1968), German zoologist, entomologist, microbiologist, physician and manufacturer of pharmaceutical products
      Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher (1804–1849), Austrian botanist, numismatist and Sinologist, director of the Botanical Garden of Vienna
      Michael S. Engel (born 1971), American paleontologist and entomologist who works on insect evolutionary biology and classification
      George Engelmann (1809–1884), German-American botanist who described the flora of the west of North America
      Adolf Engler (1844–1930), German botanist who worked on plant taxonomy and phytogeography, author of Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien
      Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben (1744–1777), German naturalist, author of Anfangsgründe der Naturlehre and Systema regni animalis, founder of the first academic veterinary school in Germany
      Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz (1793–1831), Baltic German biologist and explorer. The Latin name (Eschscholtzia californica) of the California poppy commemorates him
      Constantin von Ettingshausen (1826–1897), Austrian botanist known for his palaeobotanical studies of flora from the Tertiary era
      Alice Catherine Evans (1881–1975), American microbiologist who demonstrated that Bacillus abortus caused the disease brucellosis (undulant fever or Malta fever) in both cattle and humans
      Warren Ewens (born 1937), Australian-American mathematical population geneticist working on the mathematical, statistical and theoretical aspects of population genetics
      Thomas Campbell Eyton (1809–1880), English naturalist who studied cattle, fishes and birds, author of History of the Rarer British Birds


      F




      = Fa–Fl

      =
      Jean Henri Fabre (1823–1915), French teacher, physicist, chemist and botanist, best known for the study of insects
      Johan Christian Fabricius (1745–1808), Danish entomologist who named nearly 10,000 species of animals, and established the basis of insect classification.
      David Fairchild (1869–1954), American botanist who introduced many exotic plants into the USA
      Hugh Falconer (1808–1865), Scottish geologist, botanist, palaeontologist, and paleoanthropologist who studied the flora, fauna, and geology of India, Assam, and Burma
      John Farrah (1849–1907), English businessman and amateur biologist
      Leonardo Fea (1852–1903), Italian zoologist who made large collections of insects and birds
      Christoph Feldegg (1780–1845), Austrian naturalist who made a large collection of birds
      David Fell (born 1947), British biochemist and pioneer of systems biology, author of Understanding the Control of Metabolism
      Honor Fell (1900–1986), British zoologist who developed tissue and organ culture methods
      Sérgio Ferreira (1934–2016), Brazilian pharmacologist who discovered bradykinin potentiating factor, important for anti-hypertension drugs
      Alan Fersht (born 1943), British chemist and biochemist, expert on enzymes and protein folding
      Harold John Finlay (1901–1951), New Zealand paleontologist and conchologist known for work on marine malacofauna of New Zealand
      Otto Finsch (1839–1917), German ethnographer, naturalist and colonial explorer, known for a monograph on parrots
      Edmond H. Fischer (1920–2021), Swiss-American biochemist known for protein kinases and phosphatases; Nobel Prize 1992
      Johann Fischer von Waldheim (1771–1853), German entomologist known for the classification of invertebrates
      Paul Henri Fischer (1835–1893), French physician, zoologist, malacologist and paleontologist
      James Fisher (1922–1970), English author, editor, broadcaster, naturalist and ornithologist
      Ronald Fisher (1890–1962), British biologist and statistician, one of the founders of population genetics
      Leopold Fitzinger (1802–1884), Austrian zoologist known for classification of reptiles
      Tim Flannery (born 1956), Australian biologist who has discovered numerous species of mammals
      Alexander Fleming (1881–1955), British physician and microbiologist who discovered penicillin; Nobel Prize 1945
      Charles Fleming (1916–1987), New Zealand ornithologist, palaeontologist
      Walther Flemming (1843–1905), German physician and anatomist, discoverer of mitosis and chromosomes
      Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher (1878–1950), English officer in the Royal Navy, and an amateur lepidopterist who became an expert on microlepidoptera
      Louis B. Flexner (1902–1996), American biochemist who worked on memory and brain function
      Howard Walter Florey (1898–1968), Australian pharmacologist who was the co-inventor of penicillin; Nobel Prize 1945


      = Fo–Fu

      =
      Otto Folin (1867–1934), Swedish-American chemist who developed methods for analysing protein-free blood filtrates
      E. B. Ford (1901–1988), British ecological geneticist who studied the genetics of natural populations, and invented the field of ecological genetics
      Margot Forde (1935–1992), New Zealand botanist who studied plant taxonomies of Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and the Caucasus
      Peter Forsskål (1732–1763), Finnish explorer, orientalist, naturalist, and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus
      Georg Forster (1754–1794), German naturalist, ethnologist, travel writer, journalist and revolutionary
      Peter Forster (born 1967), German geneticist researching human origins and ancestry, and prehistoric languages
      Johann Reinhold Forster (1729–1798), German naturalist and ornithologist, the naturalist on James Cook's second Pacific voyage,
      Robert Fortune (1813–1880), Scottish botanist and plant hunter who introduced many ornamental plants to Britain, Australia and the USA
      Dian Fossey (1932–1985), American zoologist, one of the world's foremost primatologists
      Ruth Fowler Edwards (1930–2013), British geneticist who studied effects of sex hormones on pregnancy and embryonic mortality in mice
      Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat (1910–1999), German-American biochemist and virologist who studied tobacco mosaic virus
      Rosalind Franklin (1920–1958), British x-ray crystallographer whose contributed to the discovery of the structure of DNA
      Francisco Freire Allemão e Cysneiro (1797–1874), Brazilian botanist who collected many Brazilian plants
      Perry A. Frey (born 1935), American biochemist known for work on enzyme mechanisms
      Irwin Fridovich (1929–2019), American biochemist who discovered and studied superoxide dismutase
      Elias Magnus Fries (1794–1878), Swedish mycologist and botanist, one of the founders of modern mushroom taxonomy
      Karl von Frisch (1886–1982), Austrian ethologist and Nobel laureate, best known for pioneering studies of bees
      Imre Frivaldszky (1799–1870), Hungarian botanist who wrote on plants, snakes, snails and insects
      Joseph S. Fruton (1912–2007), Polish-American biochemist who worked on proteases, best known for his book General Biochemistry
      Leonhart Fuchs (1501–1566), German physician and botanist, author of a book on medicinal plants
      José María de la Fuente Morales (1855–1932), Spanish priest and poet who studied insects and collected reptiles and amphibians
      Louis Agassiz Fuertes (1874–1927), American ornithologist, illustrator and major American bird artist
      Kazimierz Funk (1884–1967), Polish-American biochemist, discoverer of vitamin B3 (niacin).
      Robert F. Furchgott (1916–2009), American biochemist known for discovering the biological roles of nitric oxide; Nobel Prize 1998


      G




      = Ga–Gh

      =
      Elmer L. Gaden (1923–2012), American biochemical engineer, the "father of biochemical engineering"
      Joseph Gaertner (1732–1791), German botanist, author of De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum
      François Gagnepain (1866–1952), French botanist who studied the Annonaceae
      Joseph Paul Gaimard (1796–1858), French naval surgeon and naturalist
      Biruté Galdikas (born 1946), Lithuanian-Canadian primatologist, expert on orangutans
      Robert Gallo (born 1937), American virologist and co-discoverer of HIV
      Francis Galton (1822–1911), British polymath, proponent of social Darwinism, eugenics and scientific racism
      William Gambel (1823–1849), American naturalist, ornithologist, and botanist, the first to collect specimens in Santa Fe
      Prosper Garnot (1794–1838), French surgeon and naturalist who collected specimens in South America
      Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré (1789–1854), French botanist on a circumglobal expedition in 1817–1820
      Michael Gazzaniga (born 1939), American cognitive neuroscientist, best known for his research on split-brain patients
      Patrick Geddes (1854–1932), Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer and pioneering town planner
      Howard Scott Gentry (1903–1993), American botanist, authority on agaves
      John Gerard (1545–1611/12), English botanist, author of Herball, or Generall Historie of Plantes
      Conrad von Gesner (1516–1565), Swiss physician, naturalist, bibliographer, and philologist, the father of modern scientific bibliography
      Luca Ghini (1490–1566), Italian physician and botanist, creator of the first recorded herbarium and the first botanical garden in Europe


      = Gi–Gm

      =
      Clelia Giacobini (1931–2010), Italian microbiologist, a pioneer of microbiology applied to conservation-restoration
      Quentin Gibson (1918–2011), British-American biochemist known for work on haem proteins
      Walter Gilbert (born 1932). American biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize (1980) for work on DNA sequencing.
      John H. Gillespie (first publication 1973), American molecular evolutionist and population geneticist
      Ernest Thomas Gilliard (1912–1965), American ornithologist on expeditions to South America and New Guinea.
      Charles Henry Gimingham (1923–2018), British botanist who studied heathlands and heathers.
      Charles Frédéric Girard (1822–1895), French biologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist
      Johann Friedrich Gmelin (1748–1804), German naturalist who named many species of gastropods
      Johann Georg Gmelin (1709–1755), German naturalist who travelled Siberia
      Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin (1744–1774), German botanist who explored the rivers Don and Volga


      = Go–Gra

      =
      Frederick DuCane Godman (1834–1919), English naturalist and ornithologist
      Émil Goeldi (1859–1917), Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist
      Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), German poet, novelist and biologist who developed a theory of plant metamorphosis
      Joseph L. Goldstein (born 1940), American biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for studies of cholesterol
      Eugene Goldwasser (1922–2010), American biochemist who identified erythropoietin
      Camillo Golgi (1843–1926), Italian physician and Nobel prize winner, pioneer in neurobiology
      Jane Goodall (born 1934), British primatologist, ethologist and anthropologist who studied chimpanzee society
      George Gordon (1806–1879), British botanist, expert on conifers
      Philip Henry Gosse (1810–1888), English naturalist, originator of the Omphalos hypothesis, or "Last Thursdayism"
      Michael M. Gottesman (born 1946), American biochemist who discovered of P-glycoprotein.
      Augustus Addison Gould (1805–1866), American physician, conchologist and malacologist
      John Gould (1804–1881), English ornithologist whose work on finches contributed to the theory of natural selection
      Stephen Jay Gould (1941–2002), American paleontologist and popular science writer
      Alfred Grandidier (1836–1921), French naturalist and explorer, author of L'Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar
      Guillaume Grandidier (1873–1957), French geographer, ethnologist, zoologist who studied Madagascar
      Temple Grandin (born 1947), American animal scientist, a designer of humane livestock facilities and writer on her experience with autism
      Sam Granick (1909–1977), American biochemist known for studies of iron metabolism.
      Chapman Grant (1887–1983), American herpetologist, historian, and publisher
      Pierre-Paul Grassé (1895–1985), French zoologist, expert on termites and proponent of neo-Lamarckian evolution
      Asa Gray (1810–1888), American botanist who argued that religion and science are not necessarily mutually exclusive
      George Robert Gray (1808–1872), English zoologist, author of Genera of Birds
      John Edward Gray (1800–1875), English zoologist who described many species new to science
      Andrew Jackson Grayson (1819–1869), American ornithologist and artist, author of Birds of the Pacific Slope


      = Gre–Gu

      =
      David E. Green (1910–1983), American biochemist, pioneer in the study of enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation
      William King Gregory (1876–1970), American zoologist, expert on mammalian dentition, contributor to evolutionary theory
      Janet Grieve (born 1940), New Zealand biological oceanographer known for work on marine taxonomy and biological productivity
      Frederick Griffith (1879–1941), British bacteriologist who studied the epidemiology and pathology of bacterial pneumonia
      Jan Frederik Gronovius (1690–1762), Dutch botanist, patron of Linnaeus, author of Flora Virginica
      Pavel Grošelj (1883–1940), Slovene biologist who studied the nervous system of jellyfish
      Colin Groves (1942–2017), British-Australian biologist and anthropologist, author of Primate Taxonomy
      Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville (1799–1874), French entomologist commemorated in the scientific names of dozens of genera and species
      Johann Anton Güldenstädt (1745–1781), German naturalist and explorer who worked on the biology, geology, geography, and linguistics of the Caucasus
      Allvar Gullstrand (1862–1930), Swedish ophthalmologist, awarded the Nobel Prize for work on the lens of the eye
      Johann Ernst Gunnerus (1718–1773), Norwegian bishop and botanist, author of Flora Norvegica
      Irwin Gunsalus (1912–2008), American biochemist who discovered lipoic acid, and coauthor of The Bacteria: A Treatise on Structure and Function
      Albert Günther (1830–1914), British zoologist, ichthyologist and herpetologist who classified many reptile species
      Herbert ("Freddie") Gutfreund (1921–2021), Austrian-British biochemist known for methods for studying fast enzyme-catalysed reactions


      H




      = Ha

      =
      Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919), German physician, zoologist, and evolutionist who argued that "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"
      Hermann August Hagen (1817–1893), German entomologist specialised in Neuroptera and Odonata
      J. B. S. Haldane (1892–1964), British (later Indian) biologist known for work in physiology, genetics, evolutionary biology and mathematics; co-founder of population genetics
      John Scott Haldane (1860–1936), Scottish physician and physiologist who made many important discoveries about the human body and the nature of gases
      William Donald Hamilton (1936–2000), British evolutionary biologist who provided a rigorous genetic basis to explain altruism
      Philip Handler (1917–1981), American nutritionist and biochemist who discovered the tryptophan-nicotinic acid relationship.
      Sylvanus Charles Thorp Hanley (1819–1899), British conchologist and malacologist
      Arthur Harden (1865–1940), British biochemist who studied the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes
      Thomas Hardwicke (1755–1835), English soldier and naturalist who collected numerous specimens
      Alister Clavering Hardy (1896–1985), English marine biologist and pioneer student of the biological basis of religion
      Richard Harlan (1796–1843), American naturalist, zoologist, physicist and paleontologist, author of Fauna Americana and American Herpetology
      Denham Harman (1916–2014), American biogerontologist, father of the free radical theory of aging
      Ernst Hartert (1859–1933), German ornithologist who studied hummingbirds
      Gustav Hartlaub (1814–1900), German physician and zoologist who studied exotic birds
      Hamilton Hartridge (1886–1976), British eye physiologist who invented the continuous-flow method for fast reactions
      Karl Theodor Hartweg (1812–1871), German botanist who collected plants from the Pacific region from Ecuador to California
      Leland H. Hartwell (born 1939), American geneticist known for discoveries of proteins that control cell division
      William Harvey (1578–1657), British physician who demonstrated the circulation of blood
      William Henry Harvey (1811–1866), Irish botanist and phycologist who specialised in algae
      Hans Hass (1919–2013), Austrian biologist and underwater diving pioneer who studied coral reefs, stingrays and sharks
      Frederik Hasselquist (1722–1752), Swedish naturalist who collected specimens for Linnaeus in the Eastern Mediterranean
      Arthur Hay (1824–1878), Scottish soldier and ornithologist who collected birds, insects, reptiles and mammals


      = He

      =
      James Hector (1834–1907), Scottish geologist, naturalist, and surgeon
      Charles Hedley (1862–1926), British-Australian naturalist, expert on molluscs
      Reinhart Heinrich (1946–2006), German biophysicist who introduced and developed metabolic control analysis
      Oskar Heinroth (1871–1945), German biologist who studied behaviour of ducks and geese, a founder of ethology
      Edmund Heller (1875–1939), American zoologist and explorer who worked on mammals
      Wilhelm Hemprich (1796–1825), German naturalist who studied the marine life of the Red Sea
      Willi Hennig (1913–1976), German biologist who studied dipterans and created the theory of cladistics
      Victor Henri (1872–1940), Russian-French physical chemist who applied ideas of physical chemistry to enzyme properties
      John Stevens Henslow (1796–1861), English mineralogist, botanist and clergyman
      Johann Hermann (1738–1800), French physician and naturalist who collected many mammals, birds, reptiles and fish
      Albert William Herre (1868–1962), American ichthyologist and lichenologist known for taxonomic work in the Philippines
      Alfred Hershey (1908–1997), American bacteriologist, Nobel Prizewinner for his work on virus genetics
      Avram Hershko (born 1937), Hungarian-Israeli biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for discovering ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation
      Philip Hershkovitz (1909–1997), American mammalogist noted especially as a primatologist
      Leo George Hertlein (1898–1972), American paleontologist who studied mollusks, echinoderms, and brachiopods


      = Hi–Ho

      =
      Archibald Vivian Hill (1886–1977), British physiologist, winner of the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for elucidation of mechanical work in muscles
      Robin Hill (1899–1991), British plant biochemist known for the Hill reaction of photosynthesis
      Dorothy Hodgkin (1910–1994) British X-ray crystallographer, Nobel Prize in 1964 for work in protein crystallography.
      Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800–1894), English naturalist who described many Himalayan birds and mammals
      Jan van der Hoeven (1802–1868), Dutch zoologist who wrote about crocodiles butterflies, lancelets, lemurs and molluscs
      Bruno Hofer (1861–1916), German fisheries scientist which studied fish parasitology and pathology
      Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg (1766–1849), German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist
      Jacques Bernard Hombron (1798–1852), French naturalist and explorer who described Antarctic plants and animals
      Leroy Hood (born 1938), American biochemist who developed high speed automated DNA sequencer
      Robert Hooke (1635–1703), British natural philosopher and secretary to the Royal Society
      Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911), British botanist, explorer and director of Kew Botanic Gardens
      William Jackson Hooker (1785–1865), British botanist, director of Kew Botanic Gardens
      Frederick Gowland Hopkins (1861–1947), British biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize in 1929 for work on vitamins
      Bernard Horecker (1914–2010]. American biochemist at Cornell University known for elucidation of the pentose phosphate pathway.
      John "Jack" Horner (born 1946), American paleontologist, specialized in dinosaurs
      Norman Horowitz (1915–2005), American geneticist who devised experiments to test whether life might exist on Mars
      Thomas Horsfield (1773–1859), American naturalist who described Indonesian plants and animals
      Bernardo Houssay (1887–1971), Argentine physiologist awarded the Nobel Prize in 1947 for work on sugar metabolism
      Martinus Houttuyn (1720–1798), Dutch naturalist who studied Pteridophytes, Bryophytes and Spermatophytes
      Albert Howard (1873–1947), British botanist, expert on compost
      Henry Eliot Howard (1873–1940), English ornithologist, who studied territorial behaviour in birds


      = Hr–Hy

      =
      Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (born 1946), American anthropologist who works on evolutionary psychology and sociobiology
      David H. Hubel (1926–2013), Canadian-American neurobiologist, awarded the Nobel Prize in 1981 for studies of the structure and function of the visual cortex.
      François Huber (1750–1831), Swiss entomologist who specialized in honey bees
      Ambrosius Hubrecht (1853–1915), Dutch zoologist whose major work was in embryology and placentation of mammals
      William Henry Hudson (1841–1922), Argentinian-British ornithologist, advocate of Lamarckian evolution, critic of Darwinism and vitalist
      Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), German naturalist and explorer whose work on botanical geography laid the foundation for the field of biogeography
      Allan Octavian Hume (1829–1912), British ornithologist who made a large collection of Indian birds
      George Evelyn Hutchinson (1903–1991), British-American ecologist and limnologist who applied mathematics to ecology
      Frederick Hutton (1835–1905), English biologist and geologist who used natural selection to explain the natural history of New Zealand
      Hugh Huxley (1924–2013), British molecular biologist who worked on muscle physiology
      Julian Sorell Huxley (1887–1975), English zoologist and contributor to the modern evolutionary synthesis; first Director-General of UNESCO
      Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–1895), English zoologist who clarified relationships between invertebrates
      Alpheus Hyatt (1838–1902), American zoologist and palaeontologist, proponent of neo-Lamarckism
      Libbie Hyman (1888–1969), American invertebrate zoologist, author of A Laboratory Manual for Elementary Zoology
      Josef Hyrtl (1810–1894), Austrian anatomist, author of a well-known textbook of human anatomy


      I


      Hermann von Ihering (1850–1930), German-Brazilian zoologist who collected specimens in Brazil to send to Germany
      Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (1775–1813), German zoologist and entomologist who overhauled the Linnaean system.
      Jan Ingenhousz (1730–1799), Dutch physiologist, biologist and chemist known for discovering photosynthesis
      Tom Iredale (1880–1972), English conchologist and ornithologist who published many systematic names
      Paul Erdmann Isert (1756–1789), German botanist who collected plant specimens from West Africa
      Harvey Itano (1920–2010), American biochemist who studied the molecular basis of sickle cell anaemia


      J


      François Jacob (1920–2013), French biologist awarded the Nobel prize for studies of the regulation of transcription
      Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727–1817), Dutch-Austrian botanist, chemist and mineralogist who collected plants in the Caribbean region
      Honoré Jacquinot (1815–1887), French surgeon and zoologist who described and illustrated mollusc species
      Daniel H. Janzen (born 1939), American entomologist and ecologist who has catalogued the biodiversity of Costa Rica
      William Jardine (1800–1874), Scottish naturalist known for his book series The Naturalist's Library
      Feliks Pawel Jarocki (1790–1865), Polish zoologist, curator of a large zoological collection
      Wojciech Jastrzębowski (1799–1882), Polish polymath; pioneer of ergonomics; 1831 proponent of a European union
      Alec Jeffreys (born 1950), British biochemist and geneticist who invented genetic fingerprinting
      William Jencks (1927–2007), American biochemist who applied chemical mechanisms to enzyme-catalysed reactions, author of Catalysis in Chemistry and Enzymology
      Thomas C. Jerdon (1811–1872), British physician, zoologist and botanist who described bird species of India.
      John L. Jinks (1929–1987), British geneticist known for cytoplasmic inheritance
      Wilhelm Johannsen (1857–1927), Danish pharmacist, botanist, plant physiologist and geneticist who introduced the terms gene, phenotype and genotype
      Pauline Johnson (20th–21st century), English immunologist and microbiologist concerned with innate and adaptive immune mechanisms
      David Starr Jordan (1851–1931), ichthyologist and eugenicist, founding president of Stanford University
      Félix Pierre Jousseaume (1835–1921), French zoologist and malacologist who collected specimens from the Red Sea
      Mike Joy (born 1959), New Zealand freshwater ecologist and science communicator
      Thomas H. Jukes (1906–1999), British-American biologist known for work in nutrition and molecular evolution
      Adrien-Henri de Jussieu (1797–1853), French botanist, author of Cours élémentaire de botanique and Géographie botanique
      Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (1748–1836), botanist who classified flowering plants
      Bernard de Jussieu (1699–1777), French naturalist who classified the plants in the royal garden at Versailles
      Ernest Everett Just (1883–1941), American biologist, author of Basic Methods for Experiments on Eggs of Marine Animals


      K




      = Ka–Ke

      =
      Zbigniew Kabata (1924–2014), Polish specialist in fish parasitology, author of The Parasitic Copepoda of British Fishes
      Henrik Kacser (1918–1995), British geneticist and biochemist, founder of metabolic control analysis
      Emil T. Kaiser (1938–1988), Hungarian-American protein chemist known work on enzyme modification
      Pehr Kalm (1716–1779), Swedish-Finnish botanist who studied the life cycle of the 17-year periodical cicada
      Eric R. Kandel (born 1929), Austrian-American neuroscientist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on memory
      Ferdinand Karsch (1853–1936), German arachnologist, entomologist, and anthropologist
      Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten (1817–1908), German botanist and traveller who named many plants
      Bernard Katz (1911–2003), German-British neuroscientist and biophysicist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on nerve biochemistry
      Rudolf Kaufmann (1909–c. 1941), German trilobitologist known for his contributions to allopatric speciation and punctuated equilibrium
      Stuart Kauffman (born 1939), American biologist widely known for his promotion of self-organization as a factor in producing the complexity of biological systems and organisms
      Johann Jakob Kaup (1803–1873), German naturalist who believed in an innate mathematical order in nature
      Janet Kear (1933–2004), English ornithologist who studied waterfowl
      Douglas Kell (born 1953), British biochemist known for research on functional genomics
      John Kendrew (1917–1997), British x-ray crystallographer awarded the Nobel Prize for determining the crystal structure of myoglobin
      Gerald A. Kerkut (1927–2004), British zoologist and physiologist whose book The Implications of Evolution has been claimed to support creationism
      Anton Kerner von Marilaun (1831–1898), Austrian botanist who studied phytogeography and phytosociology
      Robert Kerr (1755–1813), Scottish surgeon who translated part of Linnaeus's Systema Naturae as The Animal Kingdom
      Warwick Estevam Kerr (1922–2018), Brazilian geneticist who studied bee genetics and introduced African bees to Brazil


      = Kh–Ku

      =
      Har Gobind Khorana (1922–2011), Indian-American biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on the genetic code.
      Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska (1925–2015), Polish paleontologist who led several paleontological expeditions to the Gobi desert
      Motoo Kimura (1924–1994), Japanese mathematical biologist, working in the field of theoretical population genetics
      Carolyn King (thesis 1971), New Zealand zoologist specialising in mammals, particularly small rodents and mustelids
      Norman Boyd Kinnear (1882–1957), Scottish zoologist involved in the drafting of the Protection of Birds Act of 1954
      William Kirby (1759–1850), English entomologist considered the "founder of entomology"
      Heinrich von Kittlitz (1799–1874), Prussian artist, naval officer, explorer and naturalist, collector of many specimens
      Aaron Klug (1926–2018), Lithuanian/South African/British crystallographer awarded the Nobel Prize for work on the structures of nucleic acid-protein complexes
      Jeremy Randall Knowles (1935–2008), British and American biochemist known for research on enzyme mechanisms
      Wilhelm Kobelt (1840–1916), German zoologist and malacologist, curator of the Senckenberg Museum
      Fritz Köberle (1910–1983), Austrian-Brazilian physician and pathologist, student of Chagas disease
      Karl Koch (1809–1879), German botanist who made botanical explorations in the Caucasus region
      Robert Koch (1843–1910), German Nobel Prize-winning physician and bacteriologist, who introduced Koch's postulates
      Emil Theodor Kocher (1841–1917), German physician awarded the Nobel Prize for his work on the thyroid gland
      Alexander Koenig (1858–1940), German naturalist who founded the Museum Koenig in Bonn
      Albert von Kölliker (1817–1905), Swiss physiologist who studied invertebrates, and later amphibians and mammalian embryos
      Charles Konig (1774–1851), German naturalist who described fossils in the British Museum
      Arthur Kornberg (1918–2007), American biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of DNA polymerase
      Roger D. Kornberg (born 1947), American biochemist at Stanford awarded the Nobel Prize for studies on RNA polymerase
      Adriaan Kortlandt (1918–2009), Dutch ethologist associated with the "Rift valley theory"
      Daniel E. Koshland Jr. (1920–2007), American biochemist known for protein flexibility (induced fit)
      Albrecht Kossel (1853–1927), German physician awarded the Nobel Prize for determining the chemical composition of nucleic acids
      Hans Adolf Krebs (1900–1981), German-British biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of the citric acid cycle
      Gerard Krefft (1830–1881), German-Australian zoologist and palaeontologist, authot of The Snakes of Australia
      Eduardo Krieger (born 1930), Brazilian physician and physiologist known for research on hypertension
      Kewal Krishan (born 1973), Indian biological anthropologist working in forensic anthropology
      Schack August Steenberg Krogh (1874–1949), Danish physiologist, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for studies of the mechanism of regulation of skeletal muscle capillaries
      Winston Patrick Kuo (20th–21st century), Chinese-American computational biologist
      Heinrich Kuhl (1797–1821), German zoologist who studied the fauna of Java


      L




      = La

      =
      Henri Laborit (1914–1995), French surgeon and physiologist who introduced the psychiatric use of chlorpromazine
      Bernard Germain de Lacépède (1756–1825), French naturalist who studied reptiles and fish
      David Lack (1910–1973), British ornithologist who introduced Lack's Principle to explain the evolution of avian clutch sizes
      Frédéric de Lafresnaye (1783–1861), French ornithologist who described new bird species
      Keith Laidler (1916–2003), British-Canadian expert on chemical and enzyme kinetics
      Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744–1829), French evolutionist, coined many terms like biology and fossils
      Aylmer Bourke Lambert (1761–1842), British botanist, author of A description of the genus Pinus
      Charles Lamberton (1876–1960), French paleontologist who specialized in the recently extinct subfossil lemurs
      Hildegard Lamfrom (1922–1984), German-American molecular biologist who developed a system for studying cell-free protein synthesis
      Hugh Lamprey (1928–1996), British ecologist and bush pilot who developed methods for estimating game densities in Africa
      Charles Francis Laseron (1887–1959), American-born Australian naturalist and malacologist
      John Latham (1740–1837), English naturalist who named many Australian birds, author of A General Synopsis of Birds
      Pierre André Latreille (1762–1833), French entomologist who studied arthropod systematics and taxonomy
      Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran (1845–1922), French physician awarded the Nobel Prize for discovering malaria is caused by a protozoon
      Barbara Lawrence (1909–1997), sometimes known as Barbara Lawrence Schevill, was an American paleozoologist and mammalogist
      George Newbold Lawrence (1806–1855), American ornithologist who conducted Pacific bird surveys
      Michel Lazdunski (born 1938), French neuroscientist known for work on ion channels


      = Le

      =
      William Elford Leach (1790–1836), English zoologist and marine biologist, an expert on crustaceans
      Colin Leakey (1933–2018), British tropical botanist and specialist in bean science
      Louis Leakey (1903–1972), Kenyan archaeologist and naturalist known for excavations in Olduvai Gorge
      Mary Leakey (1913–1996), British paleoanthropologist who discovered the robust Zinjanthropus skull at Olduvai Gorge
      Meave Leakey (born 1942), British paleontologist who discovered Kenyanthropus platyops
      Richard Leakey (1944–2022), Kenyan paleontologist, archaeologist and conservationist who led an expedition to the Omo River, Ethiopia
      Joseph LeConte (1823–1901), American physiologist who worked on monocular and binocular vision
      Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723), Dutch biologist, developer of the microscope
      François Leguat (c. 1637–1735), French naturalist who described species of birds and tortoises endemic to Rodrigues
      Albert L. Lehninger (1917–1986), American biochemist who discovered that oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotes occurs in mitochondria
      Joseph Leidy (1823–1891), American paleontologist, parasitologist and anatomist who worked on dinosaur fossils
      Johann Philipp Achilles Leisler (1771–1813), German physician and naturalist who named many bird species
      Luis Federico Leloir (1906–1987), Argentinian biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on sugar nucleotides, carbohydrate metabolism, and renal hypertension
      Juan Lembeye (1816–1889), Spanish ornithologist, author of Aves de la Isla de Cuba
      Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519), Italian (Florentine) artist, who, as an anatomist, dissected and illustrated many specimens
      Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour (1773–1826), French botanist and ornithologist who collected plant and bird specimens in Australia and Java
      René-Primevère Lesson (1794–1849), French naturalist who described amphibian and reptile species
      Charles Alexandre Lesueur (1778–1846), French naturalist, artist and explorer who described numerous turtle species
      François Le Vaillant (1753–1824), French ornithologist who described species of birds collected in Africa
      Phoebus Levene (1869–1940), Russian-American biochemist who discovered that DNA was composed of nucleobases and phosphate
      Michael Levitt (born 1947), South African-Israeli-British-American biophysicist awarded the Nobel Prize for developing multiscale models of complex chemical systems
      Edward B. Lewis (1918–2004), American geneticist awarded the Nobel Prize for discovering the Drosophila Bithorax complex
      Richard Lewontin (1929–2021), American evolutionary biologist, mathematician, geneticist, and social commentator


      = Li–Ly

      =
      Choh Hao Li (1913–1987), Chinese-American biochemist who discovered and synthesized human pituitary growth hormone
      Wen-Hsiung Li (born 1942), Taiwanese molecular evolutionary biologist known fr studies of the molecular clock
      Emmanuel Liais (1826–1900), French botanist who studied the plants of remote regions of Brazil
      Martin Lichtenstein (1780–1867), German zoologist who described new species of amphibians and reptiles
      Justus von Liebig (1803–1873), German chemist who contributed to agricultural and biological chemistry, one of the founders of organic chemistry.
      John Lightfoot (1735–1788), English conchologist and botanist, author of Flora Scotica which deals with Scottish plants and fungi
      David R. Lindberg (born 1948), American malacologist and biologist whose work has focused on sea snails
      Aristid Lindenmayer (1925–1989), Hungarian biologist who developed a system to model the behaviour of plant cells
      John Lindley (1799–1865), English botanist whose works included botanical textbooks for his students
      Heinrich Friedrich Link (1767–1850), German botanist who studied many different subjects, including physics chemistry, geology, mineralogy, botany and zoology
      Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778), Swedish botanist, father of the binomial nomenclature system
      Fritz Lipmann (1899–1986), German-American biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for work in intermediary metabolism
      Jacques Loeb (1859–1924), German-American biologist who studied marine invertebrates and carried out an experiment on artificial parthenogenesis in sea urchins
      Friedrich Loeffler (1852–1915), German bacteriologist who discovered the organisms causing diphtheria and foot-and-mouth disease
      Konrad Lorenz (1903–1989), Austrian awarded the Nobel Prize for work in ethology
      John Claudius Loudon (1783–1843), English botanist, author of An Encyclopædia of Gardening
      James Lovelock (1919–2022), English chemist and father of the Gaia hypothesis
      Hedvig Lovén (1867–1943), Swedish botanists who studied plant respiration
      Percy Lowe (1870–1948), English ornithologist who worked on fossil ostriches in China
      Peter Wilhelm Lund (1801–1880), Danish zoologist and paleontologist who described pre-historic Pleistocene megafauna
      Salvador Luria (1912–1991), Italian-American microbiologist awarded the Nobel prize winner for work on viruses
      Adolfo Lutz (1855–1940), Brazilian epidemiologist, pathologist who studied tropical medicine and medical zoology
      André Lwoff (1902–1994), French microbiologist awarded the Nobel for work on viral infection of bacteria
      Marguerite Lwoff (1905–1979), French microbiologist and virologist who worked on the taxonomy of ciliate protozoa
      Richard Lydekker (1849–1915), English naturalist influential in the science of biogeography
      Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen (1911–1979), German biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism
      Trofim Lysenko (1898–1976), Soviet biologist and agronomist whose denunciation of genetics was very damaging


      M




      = Ma–Mc

      =
      Jules François Mabille (1831–1904), French malacologist who discovered and studied many mollusc species
      William MacGillivray (1796–1852), Scottish botanist and ornithologist, author A Manual of British Ornithology
      John Macleod (1876–1935), British biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of insulin
      Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694), Italian anatomist and biologist who described physiological features related to the excretory system
      Ramon Margalef (1919–2004), Spanish ecologist who applied information theory and mathematical models
      Emanuel Margoliash (1920–2008), Israeli-American biochemist whose work on cytochrome c sequences formed the starting point for studies of protein evolution
      Leo Margolis (1927–1997), Canadian parasitologist which showed that parasites could be used to identify fish stocks
      Lynn Margulis (1938–2011), American evolutionary theorist who proposed that organelles were "captured" bacteria
      Othniel Charles Marsh (1831–1899), American paleontologist who collected Mesozoic reptiles, Cretaceous birds, and Mesozoic and Tertiary mammals
      Barry Marshall (born 1951), Australian physician and microbiologist, awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize for elucidating the relationship between stomach ulcers and bacteria
      Bruce Marshall (born 1948), New Zealand malacologist who has named many species and genera
      Fermín Martín Piera (1954–2001), Spanish specialist in the systematics of Scarabaeoidea (beetles)
      Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794–1868), German botanist and explorer who collected many specimens
      John Martyn (1699–1768), English botanist, author of Historia Plantarum Rariorum
      Thomas Martyn (1735–1825), English priest and botanist, author of Plantæ Cantabrigiensis and Flora Rustica
      John Marwick (1891–1978), New Zealand palaeontologist and geologist who studied and classified mollusc fossils
      Teresa Maryańska (1937–2019), Poland, paleontologist specializing in dinosaurs
      Ruth Mason (1913–1990), New Zealand botanist specialising in the taxonomy and ecology of freshwater plants
      Francis Masson (1741–1805), Scottish botanist and explorer, author of Stapeliae Novae, about South African succulents
      Gregory Mathews (1876–1949), Australian ornithologist whose papers dealt especially with taxonomy and nomenclature
      Sara Branham Matthews (1888–1962), American microbiologist, listed under B (Branham).
      Paul Matschie (1861–1926), German zoologist who described 11 new species of reptiles
      William Diller Matthew (1871–1930), Canadian-American paleontologist who worked primarily on mammal fossils
      Humberto Maturana (1928–2021), Chilean philosopher and biologist known in particular for autopoiesis
      Polly Matzinger (born 1947), American immunologist known for the idea that antigen-presenting cells respond to "danger signals"
      Carl Maximowicz (1827–1891), Russian botanist who studied flora of the Far East
      Harold Maxwell-Lefroy (1877–1925), English entomologist who investigated the use of chemicals to control insects
      Robert May (1936–2020), Australian mathematician who advanced the field of population biology by application of mathematical techniques
      Ernst Mayr (1904–2005), ornithologist, systematist, philosopher of biology; originator of modern definition of "species"
      Barbara McClintock (1902–1992), American biologist, winner of a Nobel Prize for her work on the transposon, or "jumping gene"
      James V. McConnell (1925–1990), American biological psychologist who studied learning and memory transfer in planarians
      Eileen McLaughlin (thesis 1993), New Zealand biologist who studies assisted reproduction
      Mark McMenamin (born 1958), American paleontologist who has studied the Cambrian explosion and the Ediacaran biota
      Bruce McEwen (1938–2020), American neuroendocrinologist and stress hormone expert


      = Me–Mi

      =
      Edmund Meade-Waldo (1855–1934), English ornithologist who discovered chick rearing behaviour of sandgrouse
      Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (1845–1916), Russian microbiologist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on the immune system and phagocytosis
      Johann Wilhelm Meigen (1764–1845), German entomologist known for pioneering work on Diptera.
      Gregor Mendel (1822–1884), Austrian monk who is often called the "father of genetics" for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants
      Édouard Ménétries (1802–1861), French entomologist, an authority on Lepidoptera and Coleoptera
      Maud Leonora Menten (1879–1960), Canadian biochemist and histologist known for work on the kinetics of enzyme action
      Archibald Menzies (1754–1852), Scottish naturalist who introduced Araucaria araucana ("monkey-puzzle tree") to England
      Clinton Hart Merriam (1855–1942), American zoologist and ornithologist, author of Mammals of the Adirondacks
      John C. Merriam (1869–1945), American paleontologist known for his taxonomy of vertebrate fossils at the La Brea Tar Pits
      Don Merton (1939–2011), New Zealand conservationist who saved the black robin from extinction, and also discovered the lek breeding system of the kākāpō
      Franz Meyen (1804–1840), Prussian physician and botanist, author of Phytotomie, the first major study of plant anatomy
      Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee (1901–1984), Swiss-American ornithologist noted for his study of South American birds
      Otto Fritz Meyerhof (1884–1951), German-American physician and biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for research on muscles
      Leonor Michaelis (1875–1949), German biochemist known for work on enzyme kinetics, and on quinones
      André Michaux (1746–1802), French botanist and explorer noted for his study of North American flora
      Aleksandr Fyodorovich Middendorf (1815–1894), Russian zoologist who described the effects of permafrost on the spread of animals and plants
      Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai (1846–1888), Russian marine biologist and anthropologist who studied indigenous people of New Guinea
      Gerrit Smith Miller Jr. (1869–1956), American zoologist who concluded that the jaw of "Piltdown man" came from a fossil ape and the skullcap from a modern human
      Jacques Miller (born 1931), French-Australian immunologist who discovered the function of the thymus
      John Frederick Miller (1759–1796), English illustrator (primarily of botany)
      Kenneth R. Miller (born 1948), American evolutionary biologist and author of Finding Darwin's God
      Philip Miller (1691–1771), Scottish botanist, author of The Gardener's and Florists Dictionary or a Complete System of Horticulture
      Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835–1900), French zoologist who studied fossil birds and deep-sea exploration
      Henri Milne-Edwards (1800–1885), French zoologist known for work on crustaceans
      César Milstein (1927–2002), Argentinian-British biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for developing the use of monoclonal antibodies
      Maria Rosa Miracle Solé (1945–2017), Spanish Professor Emeritus of Ecology at the University of Valencia
      Peter D. Mitchell (1920–1992), British biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for the theory of chemiosmosis
      George Jackson Mivart (1827–1900), English biologist, author of On the Genesis of Species


      = Mo-Mu

      =
      Hugo von Mohl (1805–1872), German botanist who first observed cell division under a microscope
      Paul Möhring (1710–1792), German naturalist who pioneered the classification of bird species
      Juan Ignacio Molina (1740–1829), Chilean naturalist, an early proponent of gradual evolution
      Brian Molloy (1930–2022), New Zealand botanist, a leading authority on New Zealand orchids
      Pérrine Moncrieff (1893–1979), New Zealand ornithologist, author of New Zealand birds and how to identify them
      Jacques Monod (1910–1976), French geneticist and biochemist, awarded the Nobel Prize for discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis
      George Montagu (1753–1815), English naturalist, author of Ornithological Dictionary
      Luc Montagnier (1932–2022), French virologist, awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of HIV
      Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909–2012), Italian-American neurologist awarded Nobel Prize for her co-discovery of growth factors
      Tommaso di Maria Allery Monterosato (1841–1927), Italian malacologist who studied the fossil deposits of Mount Pellegrino
      Pierre Dénys de Montfort (1766–1820), French naturalist who investigated the existence of gigantic octopuses
      George Thomas Moore (1871–1956), American botanist who worked on plant pathology
      Marianne V. Moore (active 1978–2017), American marine biologist
      Alfred Moquin-Tandon (1804–1863), French naturalist, author of L'Histoire Naturelle des Iles Canaries
      Otto Andreas Lowson Mörch (1828–1878), Swedish malacologist who described various taxa of molluscs
      Thomas Hunt Morgan (1868–1945), American geneticist who worked on mutations in the fruit fly Drosophila
      Mary Morgan-Richards (thesis 1985), New Zealand evolutionary biologist whose research focusses on topics such as speciation and hybridisation
      Harold J. Morowitz (1927–2016), American biophysicist who studied the application of thermodynamics to living systems, including the origin of life
      Desmond Morris (born 1928), British zoologist and biologist, author of The Naked Ape
      Roger Morse (1927–2000), American entomologist, expert on bees and beekeeping
      Guy Mountfort (1905–2003), English ornithologist and conservationist, author of A Field Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe
      Ladislav Mucina (born 1956), Slovak botanist who works on plant ecology and biogeography
      Ferdinand von Mueller (1825–1896), German-Australian physician, geographer, and botanist who collected and studied many Australian plants
      John Muir (1838–1914), Scottish-American naturalist and conservationist who co-founded the Sierra Club
      Otto Friedrich Müller (1730–1784), Danish naturalist who studied worms and other invertebrates
      Fritz Müller (1821–1897), German-Brazilian naturalist who studied the natural history of the Atlantic forest south of São Paulo
      Hermann Müller (Thurgau) (1850–1927), Swiss botanist and oenologist who published on topics in viticulture and winemaking
      Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller (1725–1776), German zoologist who classified the dugong, guanaco, potto and other species
      Salomon Muller (1804–1864), Dutch naturalist and explorer who collected specimens in the Dutch East Indies
      Kary Mullis (1944–2019), American biochemist, awarded Nobel Prize after inventing the polymerase chain reaction
      Otto von Münchhausen (1716–1774), German botanist who studied oaks in particular
      John Murray (1841–1914), Scottish-Canadian marine biologist and oceanographer who collected marine species


      N


      Gary Paul Nabhan (born 1952), Lebanese-American conservationist, co-author of Forgotten Pollinators
      David Nachmansohn (1899–1983), German biochemist who elucidated the role of phosphocreatine in muscular energy production
      Carl Nägeli (1817–1891), Swiss botanist who studied cell division and pollination
      Johann Friedrich Naumann (1780–1857), German founder of scientific ornithology, author of The Natural History of German Birds
      John Needham (1713–1781), English priest and naturalist who claimed to have observed spontaneous generation
      Joseph Needham (1900–1995), British biochemist, historian (of Chinese science) who studied embryology and morphogenesis
      Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776–1858), German botanist and zoologist who described many plant species
      Masatoshi Nei (1931–2023), Japanese-American evolutionary biologist and molecular population geneticist
      Wendy Nelson (thesis 1980), New Zealand marine phycologist who studies seaweeds
      Randolph M. Nesse (born 1948), American evolutionary biologist and psychiatrist who has studied aging
      Charles F. Newcombe (1851–1924), British botanist who studied the botany of North America
      Frank Newhook (1918–1999), New Zealand plant pathologist who studied fungal pathogens
      Alfred Newton (1829–1907), English ornithologist, author of a four-volume Dictionary of Birds
      Margaret Morse Nice (1883–1974), American ornithologist, author of Studies in the Life History of the Song Sparrow
      Henry Alleyne Nicholson (1844–1899), British zoologist who studied fossil invertebrates
      Hermann Niemeyer (1918–1991), Chilean biochemist and paediatrician known for work on mammalian metabolism
      Marshall Warren Nirenberg (1927–2010), American biochemist and geneticist who took the first step in deciphering the genetic code
      Elmer Noble (1909–2001), American parasitologist who described a pathogenic myxosporean
      Alfred Merle Norman (1831–1918), English clergyman and naturalist who studied invertebrates
      Alfred John North (1855–1917), Australian ornithologist who described many birds for the first time
      Paul Nurse (born 1949), British geneticist awarded the Nobel Prize for work control of the cell cycle
      Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard (born 1942), German biologist awarded the Nobel Prize for studies of genes involved in the development of fruit fly embryos
      Thomas Nuttall (1786–1858), English botanist and zoologist, author of the Manual of the Ornithology of the United States and of Canada


      O




      = Oc–Ok

      =
      Severo Ochoa (1905–1993), Spanish and American biochemist, Nobel Prize awarded the Nobel Prize for work on elucidating the genetic code
      Eugene P. Odum (1913–2002), American ecologist, coauthor of Fundamentals of Ecology
      Howard T. Odum (1924–2002), American ecologist who pioneered the field of systems ecology
      William Ogilby (1808–1873), British zoologist concerned with classification and naming of animal species
      William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1863–1924), Scottish ornithologist who made many collecting trips, including Socotra and Madeira and the Canaries
      Sergey Ognev (1886–1951), Russian zoologist who studied Russian mammals
      Alexander George Ogston (1911–1996), British biochemist who explained how an achiral substance can have a chiral product in the tricarboxylate cycle
      Tomoko Ohta (born 1933), Japanese molecular biologist who developed the nearly neutral theory of evolution
      Reiji Okazaki (1930–1975), Japanese molecular biologist who discovered Okazaki fragments, important in DNA replication
      Tsuneko Okazaki (born 1933), Japanese molecular biologist who discovered Okazaki fragments, important in DNA replication
      Lorenz Oken (1779–1851), German naturalist who developed a classification of animals


      = Ol–Ow

      =
      Giuseppe Olivi (1769–1795), Italian naturalist who studied the fauna of the seabed
      Mark A. O'Neill (born 1959), British biologist and computer scientist who has worked on artificial life and biologically inspired computing
      Aleksandr Oparin (1894–1980), Russian biologist and biochemist, best known for his work on the origin of life
      Alcide d'Orbigny (1802–1857), French naturalist who collected many specimens in South America
      George Ord (1781–1866), American ornithologist, author of American Ornithology
      Eleanor Anne Ormerod (1828–1901), English entomologist who developed agricultural entomology
      Edward Latham Ormerod (1819–1873), English physician and entomologist, author of British Social Wasps
      Joan Oró (1923–2004), Spanish biochemist known for studies of the origin of life
      Anders Sandøe Ørsted (1816–1872), Danish botanist who travelled in Central America and the Caribbean and published papers on the flora
      Henry Fairfield Osborn (1857–1935), American eugenicist who led many fossil-hunting expeditions to the American Southwest
      William Charles Osman Hill (1901–1975), British anatomist, primatologist and expert on primate anatomy
      Halszka Osmólska (1930–2008), Polish paleontologist specializing in dinosaurs
      Emile Oustalet (1844–1905), French zoologist who studied birds in particular
      Ray D. Owen (1915–2014), American immunologist whose work led to modern immunology and organ transplantation
      Richard Owen (1804–1892), British biologist, paleontologist, and taxonomist of fossil and extant organisms


      P




      = Pa–Pe

      =
      George Emil Palade (1912–2008), Romanian-American biologist who discovered ribosomes, awarded the Nobel Prize for innovations in electron microscopy and cell fractionation
      Paul Maurice Pallary (1869–1942), French-Algerian malacologist who named many mollusc species
      Peter Simon Pallas (1741–1811), Prussian zoologist who described numerous animal species
      Edward Palmer (1829–1911), British botanist who collected American plants for the Smithsonian Institution
      Josif Pančić (1814–1888), Serbian botanist who documented the flora of Serbia
      Paracelsus (Theophrastus von Hohenheim) (1493–1541), Swiss physician and alchemist who pioneered toxicology
      Pia Parolin (born 1964), Italian biologist and tropical ecologist, photographer, author
      Carl Parrot (1867–1911), German gynaecologist and ornithologist interested in the distribution and migration of birds
      Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), French biologist, microbiologist, and chemist who established principles of vaccination
      William Paterson (1755–1810), British soldier, botanist and explorer who collected botanical, geological and insect specimens in Australia
      David J. Patterson (born 1950) (Belfast) British then Irish biologist, studied protist taxonomy and evolution, later biodiversity informatics, Zoological Society of London, Silver medal
      Robert Patterson (1802–1872), Irish naturalist, author of The natural history of the insects mentioned in Shakespeare's plays
      Daniel Pauly (born 1946), French marine biologist who has developed techniques to estimate the growth and mortality of fishes
      Ivan Pavlov (1849–1936), Russian physiologist, psychologist and physician who discovered conditioning, and awarded the Nobel Prize for work on the digestive system
      Titian Peale (1799–1885), American ornithologist, entomologist, photographer, and explorer
      Louise Pearce (1885–1959), American pathologist who helped develop a treatment for African sleeping sickness
      Donald C. Peattie (1898–1964), American botanist, author of A Natural History of Western Trees
      Eva J. Pell (born 1948), American plant pathologist who studies the physiological and biochemical impact of air pollutants
      Paul Pelseneer (1863–1945), Belgian zoologist, primarily a malacologist, but interested in all aspects of zoology
      Jean-Marie Pelt (1933–2015), French botanist who studied medicinal plants, of Afghanistan, Chile, Europe, and Yemen
      Thomas Pennant (1726–1798), Welsh naturalist and antiquary, author of History of Quadrupeds
      David Penny (born 1939), New Zealand biologist known for theoretical biology, molecular evolution, human evolution, and the history of science
      Henri Perrier de la Bâthie (1873–1958), French botanist who studied the plants of Madagascar.
      George Perry (born 1771), English naturalist, author of Conchology, or the natural history of shells
      Samuel Victor Perry (1918–2009) British biochemist, pioneer in muscle biochemistry
      Christian Hendrik Persoon (1761–1836), German mycologist who wrote extensively on fungi
      Wilhelm Peters (1815–1883), German naturalist who described the mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, river fish, insects and botany of Mozambique


      = Pf–Pu

      =
      Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer (1805–1877), German physician, botanist and conchologist who named more than 20 new genera and species
      Rodolfo Amando Philippi (1808–1904), German-Chilean zoologist who described three new species of South American lizards
      Constantine John Phipps (1744–1792), English explorer, the first modern European to describe the polar bear and the ivory gull
      David Andrew Phoenix (born 1966), British biochemist who studies properties of biologically active amphiphilic peptides.
      Frederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge (1860–1905), English entomologist, expert on spiders
      Octavius Pickard-Cambridge (1828–1917), English entomologist, mainly interested in spiders, but also on birds, butterflies and moths
      Charles Pickering (1805–1878), American naturalist, author of Races of Man and Their Geographical Distribution
      Henry Augustus Pilsbry (1862–1957), American zoologist, malacologist, leader in invertebrate taxonomy
      Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903–1967), American biologist and co-inventor of the combined oral contraceptive pill
      Ronald Plasterk (born 1957), Dutch politician and molecular biologist who has worked on zebrafish development
      Pliny the Elder (23–79), Roman natural philosopher, author of Naturalis Historia an encyclopedia, a model of later ones
      Reginald Innes Pocock (1863–1947), British taxonomist, expert on spiders and millipedes
      Felipe Poey (1799–1891), Cuban zoologist who worked on butterflies and fish
      Giuseppe Saverio Poli (1746–1825), Italian physicist and zoologist, whose collection included, especially, Lepidoptera, Cnidaria and Mollusca
      Winston Ponder (born 1941), New Zealand malacologist who has described many marine and freshwater animals, especially micromolluscs
      Arthur William Baden Powell (1901–1987), New Zealand malacologist and paleontologist who studied and classified New Zealand molluscs
      Thomas Littleton Powys (1833–1896), English ornithologist, author of Notes on the Birds of Northamptonshire and Neighbourhood
      Karel Presl (1794–1852), Bohemian botanist, authority on Czech flora
      Alice Pruvot-Fol (1873–1972), French malacologist who described many new species, mostly on the basis of preserved animals
      Nikolai Przhevalsky (1839–1888), Russian explorer who described some previously unknown animal species, including Przewalski's horse
      Jan Evangelista Purkyně (1787–1869), Czech anatomist and physiologist who discovered the Purkinje effect and introduced the term protoplasm
      Frederick Traugott Pursh (1774–1820), German-American botanist who studied the plants collected on the Lewis and Clark Expedition
      Frank W. Putnam (1917–2006), American biochemist who worked on the structure and function of blood proteins
      Paul Émile de Puydt (1810–1888), Belgian botanist, interested in particular in orchids


      Q


      Juda Hirsch Quastel(1899–1987), British-Canadian biochemist known for research in neurochemistry, metabolism and cancer
      Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau (1810–1892), French naturalist whose work ranged from the annelids to man.
      Jean René Constant Quoy (1790–1869), French zoologist who studied the origins of coral reefs


      R




      = Ra

      =
      George Radda (born 1936), Hungarian chemist, known for molecular imaging of heart metabolism
      Gustav Radde (1831–1903), German naturalist and explorer whose work encompassed birds, amphibians, reptiles, lizards, snakes and insects
      Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781–1826), British biologist who studied mammals, fish, birds and insects
      Constantine Samuel Rafinesque (1783–1840), French zoologist and botanist who described many North American species
      Émile Louis Ragonot (1843–1895), French entomologist who named many genera of butterflies and moths
      Rama Das V.S. (1933–2010), Indian botanist who studied photosynthesis.
      Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934), Spanish histologist awarded the Nobel prize for work on neuroanatomy and the central nervous system
      Edward Pierson Ramsay (1842–1916), Australian ornithologist, author of Catalogue of the Australian Birds in the Australian Museum at Sydney
      Austin L. Rand (1905–1982), Canadian zoologist who studied birds of Madagascar and New Guinea
      Suresh Rattan (born 1955), Indian biogerontologist who has formulated the concepts of essential lifespan and virtual gerontogenes
      John Ray (1627–1705), English naturalist whose classification of plants Historia Plantarum was a step towards modern taxonomy


      = Re

      =
      Francesco Redi (1626–1697), Italian physician known for his experiment in 1668 which is regarded as one of the first steps in refuting abiogenesis
      Lovell Augustus Reeve (1814–1865), English conchologist, author of many publications on mollusc shells
      Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach (1823–1889), German orchidologist, the world's leading authority on orchids
      Ludwig Reichenbach (1793–1879), German botanist and ornithologist who introduced the idea of displaying invertebrate creatures as glass models
      Anton Reichenow (1847–1941), German ornithologist known for classifying birds in six groups
      Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt (1773–1854), Dutch botanist who studied amphibians and reptiles as well as plants
      Bernhard Rensch (1900–1990), German evolutionary biologist who searched for universal rules, such as Allen's Rule, Gloger's Rule and Rensch's rule
      Ralf Reski (born 1958), German botanist and biotechnologist who developed Physcomitrella as model organism


      = Ri

      =
      Achille Richard (1794–1852), French botanist who studied and described several genera of orchids
      Jean Michel Claude Richard (1787–1868), French botanist and plant collector
      Louis Claude Richard (1754–1821), French botanist who collected botanical specimens in the Caribbean region
      Olivier Jules Richard (1836–1896), French lichenologist who worked on the anatomy and symbiosis of lichens.
      John Richardson (1787–1865), Scottish naturalist who explored the Arctic region
      Charles Richet (1850–1935), French physiologist awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery of anaphylaxis
      Charles Wallace Richmond (1868–1932), American ornithologist, compiler of the Richmond Index of Latin names of birds
      Robert Ridgway (1850–1929), American ornithologist, author of The Birds of North and Middle America
      Henry Nicholas Ridley (1855–1956), British botanist who promoted rubber as a commercial product
      Christina Riesselman (thesis 2011), American paleoceanographer whose research focus is on Southern Ocean response to changing climate


      = Ro–Ru

      =
      Austin Roberts (1883–1948), South African zoologist, posthumous author of The mammals of South Africa
      Harold E. Robinson (1932–2020), American botanist and entomologist who worked on sunflowers and the bryophytes
      Maurício Rocha e Silva (1910–1983), Brazilian physician and pharmacologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin
      Martin Rodbell (1925–1998), American biochemist and molecular endocrinologist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on signal transduction in cells
      George Romanes (1848–1894), Scottish-Canadian evolutionary biologist and physiologist who laid the foundation of comparative psychology
      Alfred Romer (1894–1973), American paleontologist whose textbook Vertebrate Paleontology laid the foundation for classifying vertebrates
      Robert Rosen (1934–1998), American theoretical biologist who studied the defining principles of life
      Joel Rosenbaum (born 1933), American cell biologist who studies cilia and flagella in the model species Chlamydomonas
      Harald Rosenthal (born 1937), German hydrobiologist known for his work in fish farming and ecology
      Miriam Louisa Rothschild (1908–2005), British entomologist, an authority on fleas, and the first person to work out the flea's jumping mechanism
      Walter Rothschild (1868–1937), British zoologist interested in the taxonomy of birds and butterflies
      Joan Roughgarden (born 1946), American ecologist, evolutionary biologist and philosopher of science
      Michael Rout (living), molecular and cellular biologist
      William Roxburgh (1759–1815), Scottish botanist who studied sugarcane, indigo and sago
      Adriaan van Royen (1704–1779), Dutch botanist known for work on the flora of Southeast Asia
      Karl Rudolphi (1771–1832), Swedish-German physiologist regarded as the father of helminthology
      Eduard Rüppell (1794–1884), German naturalist and explorer, the first naturalist to traverse Ethiopia


      S




      = Sa

      =
      Joseph Sabine (1770–1837), English naturalist, authority on the moulting, migration, and habit of British birds
      Julius von Sachs (1832–1897), German botanist who first demonstrated hydroponics
      Frederick Sanger (1918–2013), British biochemist twice awarded the Nobel Prize, for protein sequencing and for nucleic acid sequencing
      Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772–1844), French naturalist who established the principle of unity of composition
      Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1805–1861), French zoologist who coined the term éthologie (ethology), authority on deviation from normal structure
      Carl Ulisses von Salis-Marschlins (1762–1818), Swiss naturalist interested in botany, entomology, and conchology
      Edward James Salisbury (1886–1978), British botanist with "notable contributions to plant ecology and to the study of the British flora generally"
      Richard Anthony Salisbury (1761–1829), British botanist, shunned by many botanists of his day
      Jonas Salk (1914–1995), American biologist developed one of the first successful polio vaccines
      Robert Sapolsky (born 1957), American neuroscientist who studies sources of stress in wild baboons
      Georg Ossian Sars (1837–1927), Norwegian marine biologist who studied the eggs and larvae of fish
      Michael Sars (1809–1869), Norwegian taxonomist who described life-histories and reproductive cycles, behaviour and geographical dispersal of fish
      Konstantin Satunin (1863–1915), Russian zoologist who described mammals of Russia and Central Asia
      William Saunders (1822–1900), American botanist responsible for introducing many fruits and vegetables to American agriculture
      Marie Jules César Savigny (1777–1851), French zoologist who wrote about the fauna in the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea
      Thomas Say (1787–1843), American naturalist, the father of American descriptive entomology and American conchology


      = Sc

      =
      George Schaller (born 1933), American zoologist, one of the preeminent field biologists of the 20th century
      Albert Schatz (1920–2005), American microbiologist who discovered streptomycin
      Paul Schimmel (born 1940) American biochemist who developed nucleic acid sequencing and coauthored Biophysical Chemistry
      Friedrich Schlechter (1872–1925), German taxonomist and botanist, author of several works on orchids
      Hermann Schlegel (1804–1884), German ornithologist, herpetologist and ichthyologist who believed that species are fixed
      Matthias Jakob Schleiden (1804–1881), German botanist and co-founder of the cell theory
      George Schoener (1864–1941), German-American botanist who experimented on rose breeding, especially in the use of wild species
      Rudolph Schoenheimer (1898–1941), German-American biochemist, pioneer of radioactive tagging of molecules
      Johann David Schoepf (1752–1800), German botanist and zoologist who studied turtles
      Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (1794–1865), German botanist who studied plants of the arum family
      Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber (1739–1810), German naturalist who wrote a series of books that focused on the mammals of the world
      Leopold von Schrenck (1826–1894), Russian zoologist, geographer and ethnographer who studied the native peoples of Russia
      Charles Schuchert (1858–1942), American invertebrate paleontologist, a leader in the development of paleogeography
      Stefan Schuster (born 1961) German biophysicist, pioneer in metabolic control analysis and metabolic pathway analysis
      Theodor Schwann (1810–1882), German physician and physiologist whose major contribution to biology was the extension of cell theory to animals
      Neena Schwartz (1926–2018), American endocrinologist known for her work on female reproductive biology
      Georg August Schweinfurth (1836–1925), Baltic German botanist and ethnologist who explored East Central Africa
      Philip Sclater (1829–1913), English zoologist and ornithologist who identified the main zoogeographic regions of the world.
      Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (1723–1788), Italian-Austrian naturalist who collected plants and insects in the Alps


      = Se–Sl

      =
      Henry Seebohm (1832–1895), English ornithologist and traveller, author of A History of British Birds
      Michael Sela (1924–2022) Israeli immunologist who works on synthetic antigens, molecules that trigger the immune system
      Prideaux John Selby (1788–1867), English botanist and ornithologist, best known for his Illustrations of British Ornithology
      Nikolai Alekseevich Severtzov (1827–1885), Russian explorer and naturalist, author of Vertical and Horizontal Distribution of Turkestan Wildlife
      Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1847–1909), English zoologist and ornithologist who described many new species of bird
      George Shaw (1751–1813), English botanist and zoologist who published English descriptions with scientific names of several Australian animals in Zoology of New Holland
      George Ernest Shelley (1840–1910), English ornithologist, author of The Birds of Africa
      Charles Scott Sherrington (1857–1922), British physiologist and neuroscientist, awarded the Nobel Prize for work on the functions of neurons
      Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796–1866), German botanist who studied Japanese flora and fauna, and introduced Western medicine to Japan
      George Gaylord Simpson (1902–1984), American paleontologist participated in the modern synthesis, and wrote Tempo and Mode in Evolution
      Rolf Singer (1906–1994), German-born mycologist, taxonomist of gilled mushrooms (agarics)


      = Sm–So

      =
      John Kunkel Small (1869–1938), American botanist who documented the flora of Florida
      Andrew Smith (1797–1872), Scottish surgeon, explorer, ethnologist and zoologist, author of Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa
      Edgar Albert Smith (1847–1916), British zoologist and malacologist who published many separate memoirs on the Mollusca
      Emil L. Smith (1911–2009) American protein chemist known for studies of protein evolution
      Frederick Smith (1805–1879), British entomologist who specialized on Hymenoptera
      James Edward Smith (1759–1828), English botanist, founder and first President of the Linnean Society of London
      Johannes Jacobus Smith (1867–1947), Dutch botanist who collected specimens of plants of the Dutch East Indies as well as describing and cataloguing their flora
      James Leonard Brierley Smith (1897–1968), South African ichthyologist who identified a taxidermied fish as a coelacanth
      John Maynard Smith (1920–2004), British theoretical and mathematical evolutionary biologist and geneticist who discussed the evolution of sex and signalling theory, as well as other fundamental problems
      Oliver Smithies (1925–2017) British-American geneticist and physical biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for gel electrophoresis
      John Otterbein Snyder (1867–1943), American ichthyologist who documented the native fishes of San Francisco Bay
      Solomon H. Snyder (born 1938), American neuroscientist who co-discovered endorphins
      Daniel Solander (1733–1782), Swedish botanist who described and catalogued many plants of Australia and New Zealand
      Alberto Sols (1917–1989), Spanish biochemist known for studies of metabolic regulation and for rejuvenating biochemistry in Spain
      Louis François Auguste Souleyet (1811–1852), French zoologist and malacologist who studied marine molluscs of the Pacific


      = Sp

      =
      Douglas Spalding (1841–1877), English biologist who researched on animal behavior and discovered imprinting
      Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729–1799), Italian biologist whose research on biogenesis paved the way for the downfall of the theory of spontaneous generation
      Anders Sparrman (1748–1820), Swedish naturalist, author of A voyage to the Cape of Good Hope, towards...
      Walter Baldwin Spencer (1860–1929), British-Australian evolutionary biologist and anthropologist, known for fieldwork with Aboriginal peoples in Central Australia
      Roger W. Sperry (1913–1994), American neuropsychologist awarded the Nobel Prize for his split-brain research
      Maximilian Spinola (1780–1857), Italian entomologist who described many taxa
      Johann Baptist von Spix (1781–1826), German naturalist who made a comparative morphology of the skulls of primates, reptiles, birds and others
      Herman Spöring (1733–1771), Finnish explorer, draughtsman, botanist and naturalist, who collected specimens from the south Pacific
      Kurt Sprengel (1766–1833), German physician and botanist who studied the history of medicine
      Stewart Springer (1906–1991), American ichthyologist noted for shark classification, behavior and distribution of species
      Richard Spruce (1817–1893), English botanist and explorer who collected plants in South America


      = Sta–Ste

      =
      Agustín Stahl (1842–1917), Puerto Rican zoologist and botanist who studied the plants of Puerto Rico
      Franklin Stahl (born 1929), American molecular biologist and geneticist who participated in the experiment to show semiconservative DNA replication
      Edward Stanley (1775–1851), English naturalist with a large collection of living animals
      Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller (1725–1776), German zoologist who classified the dugong, guanaco, potto and other species
      G. Ledyard Stebbins (1906–2000), American botanist and geneticist, one of the leading evolutionary biologists of the 20th century.
      Japetus Steenstrup (1813–1897), Danish zoologist who discovered the possibility of using fossils to interpreting climate and vegetation changes
      Charles M. Steinberg (1932–1999), American immunobiologist and geneticist, co-discoverer of the amber-mutants that led to the recognition of stop codons
      Franz Steindachner (1834–1919), Austrian ichthyologist and herpetologist who published work on fishes, reptiles and amphibians
      Joan Steitz (born 1941), American biochemist known for work on RNA
      Thomas A. Steitz (1940–2018), American biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for pioneering work on the ribosome
      Leonhard Hess Stejneger (1851–1943), Norwegian-American ornithologist, herpetologist and zoologist known for work on reptiles and amphibians
      Georg Wilhelm Steller (1709–1746), German ornithologist who worked in Russia, a pioneer of Alaskan natural history
      James Francis Stephens (1792–1853), English entomologist and naturalist, author of Manual of British Beetles
      Kaspar Maria von Sternberg (1761–1838), Bohemian botanist, the "Father of Paleobotany"
      Karl Stetter (born 1941), German microbiologist, expert on microbial life at high temperatures
      Nettie Maria Stevens (1861–1912), American who discovered sex chromosomes, after observing sperm from male mealworms
      Frederick Campion Steward (1904–1993), British botanist, pioneer of plant tissue culture, genetic engineering and plant biotechnology


      = Sti–Stu

      =
      Edward Charles Stirling (1848–1919), Australian anthropologist who reconstructed the skeleton of an enormous marsupial
      Gerald Stokell (1890–1972), New Zealand horticulturist and ichthyologist who described native fish
      Witmer Stone (1866–1939), American ornithologist, botanist, and mammalogist, author of The Plants of Southern New Jersey
      Gottlieb Conrad Christian Storr (1749–1821), German physician, chemist and naturalist, the taxonomic authority of the genus Mellivora
      Vida Stout (1930–2012), New Zealand limnologist whose research focused on the biology and chemistry of South Island lakes
      Eduard Strasburger (1844–1912), German botanist who proposed that new cell nuclei only arise from the division of other nuclei
      Erwin Stresemann (1889–1972), German ornithologist who compiled a comprehensive account of avian biology
      John Struthers (1823–1899), Scottish anatomist known for the ligament of Struthers, a rare character in humans
      Alfred Henry Sturtevant (1891–1970), American geneticist who constructed the first genetic map of a chromosome
      Samuel Stutchbury (1798–1859), English naturalist and geologist co-discoverer of Thecodontosaurus, the fourth dinosaur genus to be named
      Lubert Stryer (born 1938), American biophysicist who developed the use of fluorescence spectroscopy, best known for his textbook Biochemistry


      = Su–Sz

      =
      Richard Summerbell (born 1956), Canadian mycologist whose research explores opportunistic fungal pathogens
      Carl Jakob Sundevall (1801–1875), Swedish zoologist who developed a phylogeny for birds based on the muscles of the hip and leg
      Mriganka Sur (born 1953), Indian cognitive neuroscientist specializing in neuroplasticity
      Henry Suter (1841–1918), Swiss-New Zealand zoologist, naturalist and palaeontologist who studied the terrestrial and freshwater molluscs of New Zealand
      Mary Sutherland (1893–1955), New Zealand botanist who pioneered work in agricultural forestry
      William Swainson (1789–1855), English ornithologist, malacologist, conchologist, entomologist and artist
      Jan Swammerdam (1637–1680), Dutch biologist and microscopist who showed that the egg, larva, pupa, and adult of an insect are different forms of the same animal
      Olof Swartz (1760–1816), Swedish botanist known for his taxonomic work and studies of pteridophytes
      Robert Swinhoe (1836–1877), English naturalist who catalogued many Southeast Asian birds
      William Henry Sykes (1790–1872), British ornithologist who catalogued birds and mammals from the Deccan
      Albert Szent-Györgyi (1893–1986), Hungarian biochemist, the first to isolate vitamin C, awarded the Nobel Prize for analysis of the tricarboxylate cycle


      T




      = Ta–Ti

      =
      Władysław Taczanowski (1819–1890), Polish zoologist who mainly worked on ornithology but also described reptiles, arachnids and other taxa
      Armen Takhtajan (1910–2009), Armenian botanist who worked on plant evolution, systematics and biogeography
      Charles Tanford (1921–2009), American protein chemist known for analysis of the hydrophobic effect
      Diana Temple (1925–2006), Australian pharmacologist known for work on respiratory pharmacology
      Peter Gustaf Tengmalm (1754–1803), Swedish physician and naturalist who worked on both medicine and ornithology
      Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778–1858), Dutch zoologist whose Manuel d'ornithologie was the standard work on European birds for many years
      Theophrastus (372 BC – 287 BC), biologist and the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school, popularizer of science
      Johannes Thiele (1860–1935), German zoologist and malacologist whose classification of Gastropoda remained in use for many years
      Mason Blanchard Thomas (1866–1912), American phytopathologist and botanist, coauthor of A laboratory manual of plant histology
      Michael Rogers Oldfield Thomas (1858–1929), British zoologist whose work on mammals, led to the description of many new species
      D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson (1860–1942), Scottish biologist, author of On Growth and Form
      William Thompson (1805–1852), Irish ornithologist and naturalist who published numerous notes on many aspects of birds
      Charles Wyville Thomson (1832–1882), Scottish marine biologist who studied the biological conditions of the deep seas
      Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars (1758–1831), French botanist known for his work on orchids from Madagascar, Mauritius and Réunion
      Carl Peter Thunberg (1743–1828), Swedish naturalist who collected and described plants and animals from southern Africa and Asia
      Samuel Tickell (1811–1875), British ornithologist who contributed to the ornithology and mammalology of India
      Niko Tinbergen (1907–1988), Dutch ethologist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on organization and social behavior patterns of animals
      Ignacio Tinoco Jr. (1930–2016), American chemist known for pioneering work on RNA folding
      Arne Tiselius (1902–1971), Swedish biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for development of protein electrophoresis.


      = To–Tu

      =
      Agostino Todaro (1818–1892), Italian botanist who described Sicilian plants
      Susumu Tonegawa (born 1939), Japanese biologist, awarded the Nobel Prize discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity, later primarily interested in neuroscience
      John Torrey (1796–1873), American botanist who described plants of the USA
      Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656–1708), French botanist, the first to make a clear definition of the concept of genus for plants
      John Kirk Townsend (1809–1851), American ornithologist who collected animal specimens for John James Audubon
      Thomas Stewart Traill (1781–1862), Scottish doctor and naturalist, specialist in medical jurisprudence
      Abraham Trembley (1710–1784), Swiss naturalist, known for being the first to study freshwater polyps
      Melchior Treub (1851–1910), Dutch botanist who worked on plants of south-east Asia
      Henry Baker Tristram (1822–1906), English clergyman and ornithologist who tried to reconcile evolution and creation
      Robert Trivers (born 1943), American evolutionary biologist and sociobiologist known for the theories of reciprocal altruism and parental investment
      Édouard Louis Trouessart (1842–1927), French naturalist who wrote Microbes, ferments and moulds
      Frederick W. True (1858–1914), American naturalist who initially studied invertebrates, and later cetaceans
      George Washington Tryon Jr. (1838–1888), American malacologist, who named more than 5,600 new molluscs species
      Chen-Lu Tsou (1923–2006), Chinese biochemist known for work on enzyme inactivation kinetics, and as the "face of Chinese biochemistry" in the west
      Bernard Tucker (1901–1950), English ornithologist, a leader of the collaborative Oxford Bird Census in 1927
      Edward Tuckerman (1817–1886), American botanist who studied lichens and other alpine plants
      Endel Tulving (1927–2023), Estonian-Canadian neuroscientist, known for his pioneering research on human memory
      Marmaduke Tunstall (1743–1790), English ornithologist, author of Ornithologica Britannica
      Ruth Turner (1915–2000), American marine biologist, expert on shipworms, wood-boring bivalve mollusks
      William Turton (1762–1835), British naturalist, author of A manual of the land and freshwater shells of the British Islands


      U


      Jakob von Uexküll (1864–1944), Estonian biologist who discussed the relationship of animals with their environment, and founded biosemiotics
      Merton F. Utter (1917–1980), American microbiologist and biochemist known for work on intermediary metabolism


      V




      = Va

      =
      Sebastien Vaillant (1669–1722), French botanist who studied plants in the Royal Garden
      Achille Valenciennes (1794–1865), French zoologist who studied parasitic worms in humans
      James W. Valentine (1926–2023), American evolutionary biologist
      Pablo Valenzuela (born 1941), Chilean biochemist known for genetic studies of hepatitis viruses
      Ruth van Heyningen (1917–2019), British biochemist known for her research on the lens and cataracts
      Donald Van Slyke (1883–1971), Dutch-American biochemist known for the measurement of gas and electrolyte levels in tissues
      Francisco Varela (1946–2001), Chilean biologist known for introducing the concept of autopoiesis
      Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943), Soviet botanist and geneticist, who defended "bourgeois pseudoscience" (genetics) against Lysenkoism
      Damodaran M. Vasudevan (born 1942), Indian physician, immunologist and educationist, authority on allergy and immunology, also on cancer


      = Ve–Vr

      =
      Craig Venter (born 1946), American biotechnologist known for sequencing the human genome and transfecting a cell with a synthetic chromosome
      Jules Verreaux (1807–1873), French botanist and ornithologist who collected plants and animals (including human remains) in Africa and Australia
      Addison Emery Verrill (1839–1926), American zoologist who studied marine organisms
      Louis Pierre Vieillot (1748–1831), French ornithologist who studied changes in plumage, and studied live birds
      Nicholas Aylward Vigors (1785–1840), Irish zoologist who popularized the classification of birds on the basis of the quinarian system
      Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902), German biologist and pathologist, founder of cell theory, known as "the father of modern pathology"
      Oswaldo Vital Brazil (1865–1950), Brazilian physician and immunobiologist, discoverer of several antivenoms against snake, scorpion and spider bites
      Bert Vogelstein (born 1949), American geneticist, pioneer in cancer genomics
      Karel Voous (1920–2002), Dutch ornithologist, author of Owls of the Northern Hemisphere
      Mary Voytek (thesis 1995), American biogeochemist and microbial ecologist who has studied environmental controls on microbial transformations of nutrients
      Hugo de Vries (1848–1935), Dutch botanist known for suggesting the concept of genes


      W




      = Wa

      =
      Frans de Waal (born 1948), Dutch ethologist, primatologist and psychologist whose research centers on primate social behavior
      Coslett Herbert Waddell (1858–1919), Irish priest and botanist known for work on difficult genera of flowering plants
      Jeremy Wade (born 1960), British writer and TV presenter with a special interest in rivers and freshwater fish
      Amy Wagers (thesis 1999), American biologist, stem cell and regenerative biology
      Johann Georg Wagler (1800–1832), German herpetologist and ornithologist, author of Monographia Psittacorum
      Warren H. Wagner (1920–2000), American botanist who developed an algorithm for analysing phylogenetic relationships between species
      Göran Wahlenberg (1780–1851), Swedish naturalist who worked on plant geography, author of Flora lapponica
      Selman Waksman (1888–1973), American biochemist, awarded the Nobel Prize for work on antibiotics
      Charles Athanase Walckenaer (1771–1852), French entomologist who placed the black widow in its current genus
      George Wald (1906–1997), American biologist, winner of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on visual perception
      John E. Walker (born 1941), British biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on ATPases and ATP synthase
      Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), British naturalist and explorer, known for independently conceiving the theory of natural selection
      Nathaniel Wallich (1786–1854), Danish botanist who described many Indian plant species
      Benjamin Dann Walsh (1808–1869), British-American entomologist who studied agricultural insect pests
      William Grey Walter (1910–1977), American-British neurophysiologist and roboticist who improved techniques of electroencephalography
      James C. Wang (born 1938), Chinese-American biochemist who discovered topoisomerases
      Deepal Warakagoda (born 1965), Sri Lankan ornithologist who identified new bird species of Sri Lanka
      Otto Heinrich Warburg (1883–1970), German biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for pioneering studies of respiration
      J. Robin Warren (born 1937), Australian pathologist awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize for discovering that most stomach ulcers are caused by bacteria
      Arieh Warshel (born 1940). Israeli-American biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize for computational studies of functional properties of biological molecules.
      Charles Waterton (1782–1865), English naturalist who introduced curare to Europe
      James D. Watson (born 1928), American molecular biologist, awarded the Nobel Prize-winning for discovering the structure of DNA


      = We–Wh

      =
      Edwin C. Webb (1921–2006), British (later Australian) biochemist known for systematic classification of enzymes
      Philip Barker Webb (1793–1854), English botanist, author of Histoire Naturelle des Iles Canaries
      Hugh Algernon Weddell (1819–1877), English physician and botanist specializing in South American flora
      Jean Weigle (1901–1968), Swiss physicist and molecular biologist who worked on the interactions between bacteriophage λ and E. coli
      Robert Weinberg (born 1942), American cancerologist who studies oncogenes and the genetic basis of cancer
      August Weismann (1834–1914), German biologist who argued that inheritance only takes place by means of the germ cells
      Friedrich Welwitsch (1806–1872), Austrian explorer and botanist who discovered the plant Welwitschia mirabilis in Angola
      Karl Wernicke (1848–1905), German physician and neuroanatomist who discovered Wernicke's area
      Hans Westerhoff (born 1953), Dutch biochemist known for work in systems biology and metabolic regulation
      Victor Westhoff (1916–2001), Dutch botanist who published work on phytosociology and conservation
      Alexander Wetmore (1886–1978), American ornithologist, author of A Systematic Classification for the Birds of the World
      William Morton Wheeler (1865–1937), American entomologist and myrmecologist who studied the behavior and classification of ants
      William Joseph Whelan (1924–2021) British-American biochemist noted for research on glycogen and as a founder of international unions such as the IUBMB
      Gilbert White (1720–1795), English naturalist known for Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne
      John White (c. 1756–1832), English botanist who studied the native flora and fauna of Australia


      = Wi–William

      =
      Robert Wiedersheim (1848–1923), German anatomist known for his list of 86 "vestigial organs" in The Structure of Man: An Index to His Past History
      Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied (1782–1867), German explorer and ethnologist, the first in Europe to show real images of Brazilian Indians
      Hans Wiehler (1930–2003), German-American botanist who studied Gesneriaceae
      Eric F. Wieschaus (born 1947), American developmental biologist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on the genetic control of embryonic development
      Torsten Wiesel (born 1924), Swedish-American neurobiologist awarded the Nobel Prize for work on information processing in the visual system
      Joan Wiffen (1922–2009), New Zealand paleontologist who discovered numerous dinosaur fossils in New Zealand
      Siouxsie Wiles (thesis about 2005), British microbiologist who studies how glowing bacteria help to understand microbial infections
      Maurice Wilkins (1916–2004). New Zealand and British x-ray crystallographer awarded the Nobel Prize for work on the structure of DNA
      Carl Ludwig Willdenow (1765–1812), German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist, one of the founders of phytogeography
      George C. Williams (1926–2010), American evolutionary biologist known for his criticism of group selection, and for introducing the gene-centric view of evolution
      Mark Williamson (thesis 1958), British zoologist, expert on biological invasions


      = Willu–Wyn

      =
      Francis Willughby (1635–1672), English ornithologist and ichthyologist who introduced innovative and effective ways of classifying animals
      Alexander Wilson (1766–1813), Scottish-American ornithologist, author of American Ornithology (nine volumes)
      Allan Charles Wilson (1934–1991), New Zealand biochemist and evolutionary biologist who pioneered molecular approaches to evolutionary changes and reconstructing phylogenies
      David Sloan Wilson (born 1949), American evolutionary biologist who supports the concept of group selection
      Edward A. Wilson (1872–1912), English naturalist and artist who painted British birds and objects seen in Antarctica
      Edward O. Wilson (1929–2021), American entomologist and father of sociobiology, expert on ants, two-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize
      Sergei Winogradsky (1856–1953), Russian microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who pioneered the cycle-of-life concept and studied nitrifying bacteria
      Caspar Wistar (1761–1818), American anatomist and physician who developed anatomical models to assist in teaching anatomy
      Henry Witherby (1873–1943), British ornithologist who introduced a bird-ringing scheme
      William Withering (1741–1799), English botanist who introduced the use of digitalis, the active principle in foxgloves, as a remedy
      Carl Woese (1928–2012), American microbiologist who used phylogenetic taxonomy of 16S ribosomal RNA to defined the Archaea as a new domain of life
      Friedrich Wöhler (1800–1882), German chemist known for his synthesis of urea from ammonium cyanate (a nail in the coffin of vitalism)
      Lewis Wolpert (1929–2021), South-African-British developmental biologist known for the French flag model of embryonic development
      Wong Siew Te (born 1969), Malaysian zoologist known for studies of the Malayan sun bear and efforts for its conservation
      Flossie Wong-Staal (1947–2020), American virologist known for complete genetic mapping of HIV
      Sewall Wright (1889–1988), American geneticist, known for work on evolutionary theory and on path analysis, co-founder of population genetics
      Dorothy Wrinch (1894–1976), British mathematical biologist who promoted the cyclol structure for proteins
      V. C. Wynne-Edwards (1906–1997), Scottish zoologist known for advocacy of group selection, the theory that natural selection acts on groups


      X


      John Xantus de Vesey (1825–1894), Hungarian-American zoologist who collected natural history specimens for the United States National Museum


      Y


      William Yarrell (1784–1856), English zoologist, author of The History of British Fishes and A History of British Birds
      Ada Yonath (born 1939), Israeli crystallographer awarded the Nobel Prize for pioneering work on the structure of the ribosome
      J. Z. Young (1907–1997), British neurophysiologist who discovered the squid giant axon in the course of work on signal transmission in nerves


      Z


      Floyd Zaiger (1926–2020), American fruit geneticist who developed varieties of peaches, plums and other fruits
      Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann (1743–1815), German zoologist who wrote one of the first works on the geographical distribution of mammals
      Karl Alfred von Zittel (1839–1904), German palaeontologist, author of Handbuch der Palaeontologie
      Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini (1797–1848), German botanist who described plants from Japan, Mexico and other places
      Margarete Zuelzer (1877–1943), German zoologist who specialized in the study of protozoa


      See also


      List of biochemists
      List of biogerontologists
      List of botanists by author abbreviation
      List of carcinologists
      List of coleopterists
      List of ecologists
      List of herpetologists
      List of malacologists
      List of mammalogists
      List of microbiologists
      List of mycologists
      List of ornithologists
      List of pathologists
      List of Russian biologists
      List of zoologists by author abbreviation
      List of Nobel Prize winners in physiology or medicine


      References

    Kata Kunci Pencarian:

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