- Serigala Abu-Abu (organisasi)
- Gerakan Pionir
- Unjuk rasa Mahsa Amini
- List of paramilitary organizations
- List of defunct paramilitary organizations
- Paramilitary
- The Savior (paramilitary organization)
- List of Serbian paramilitary formations
- List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel
- List of countries that prohibit paramilitary organizations outside government armed forces
- Paramilitary forces of China
- Scorpions (paramilitary)
- Military organization
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List of paramilitary organizations GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21
paramilitary is a military that is not a part of a country's official or legitimate armed forces. The Oxford English Dictionary traces the use of the term "paramilitary" as far back as 1934.
Though a paramilitary is, by definition, not a military, it is usually equivalent to a light infantry or special forces in terms of strength, firepower, and organizational structure. Paramilitaries use combat-capable kit/equipment (such as internal security/SWAT vehicles), or even actual military equipment (such as long guns and armored personnel carriers; usually military surplus resources), skills (such as battlefield medicine and bomb disposal), and tactics (such as urban warfare and close-quarters combat) that are compatible with their purpose, often combining them with skills from other relevant fields such as law enforcement, coast guard, or search and rescue. A paramilitary may fall under the command of a military, train alongside them, or have permission to use their resources, despite not actually being part of them.
Governmental paramilitary units
= Africa
=Kenya
General Service Unit (Kenya)
Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS)
Libya (Libyan House of Representatives)
Avengers of Blood
Mauritius
Special Mobile Force
Nigeria
Nigeria immigration service (NIS)
Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC)
Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps
Safety and Traffic Cadet Corps
Federal Fire Service
Nigeria Correctional Service
Nigeria Custom Service (NCS)
National Drug Law Enforcement
Department of State Service
Agency
Sudan
Janjaweed (~197x - 2020 but continues in successors units)
Rapid Support Forces (2013 partially Janjaweed successor till 2023)
Popular Defence Forces
= Americas
=Canada
Canadian Rangers
The Emergency Response Team (RCMP)
Marine Emergency Response Team
Costa Rica
The Public Force of Costa Rica is responsible for law enforcement duties, acting as both a civilian police force and gendarmerie. In addition to ordinary policing, it is responsible for border patrol, counter-insurgency, riot control, tourism security, and coast guard duties.
Peru
The Rondas campesinas are community-based groups in Peru, formed initially to combat cattle rustling and later in response to the Shining Path insurgency. They function primarily as local self-defense and law enforcement entities, especially in rural areas with limited government presence.
United Kingdom
The London Metropolitan Police Specialist Firearms Command CO19.
The London Metropolitan Police Counter Terrorism Command - SO15.
The London Metropolitan Police Aviation Security Operational Command Unit - SO18.
United States
CIA Special Activities Center, Special Operations Group
DOE Federal Protective Forces
DOE Office of Secure Transportation
FBI SWAT
FBI Hostage Rescue Team
United States Marshals Service
National Lancers
SWAT
Venezuela
Venezuelan National Guard
Bolivarian Militia of Venezuela
= Asia
=Bangladesh
China (People’s Republic of China)
Taiwan (Republic of China)
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Japan
Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea/"North Korea")
Korea (Republic of Korea/"South Korea")
Malaysia
Pasukan Gerakan Am as Paramilitary Force
People's Volunteer Corps of Ministry of Home Affairs
69 Komando PGK as Multi Spectrum Special Force
Nepal
Pakistan
Civil Armed Forces- (Under the Federal Ministry of interior during Peace time but falls under the Ministry of Defense during war time. Led by officers from the Pakistani Military.)
Pakistan Rangers (Punjab and Sindh).
Frontier Corps (Kpk and Balochistan).
Gilgit Baltistan Scouts.
Paramilitary forces under the Ministry of Defense:
Pakistan Maritime Security Agency (PMSA).
Pakistan Coast Guard.
Defense Security Force.
Pakistan National Guard - Mujahid Force and Janbaaz Force.
Federal Law Enforcement Agencies (solely under the federal ministry of Interior and led by the officers of the Police Service of Pakistan):
Frontier Constabulary.
Federal Investigation Agency (FIA).
Anti Narcotics Force.
Airport Security Force.
National Motorway Police.
Pakistan Railway Police.
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Vietnam
Militia and Self-Defense (Vietnam)
= Europe
=Albania
RENEA
Estonia
Estonian Defence League
Finland
Border Guard
Police Rapid Response Unit
France
Action Division of DGSE
National Gendarmerie
Marseille Naval Fire Battalion of the French Navy
Paris Fire Brigade of the French Army
Georgia
Mkhedrioni
Monadire
Italy
Latvia
Zemessardze
Lithuania
Lithuanian Riflemen's Union
Netherlands
Special Intervention Service
Poland
BOA KGP
Portugal
Guarda Nacional Republicana (National Republican Guard)
Russia
Registered Cossacks of the Russian Federation
Kadyrovtsy
Fakel (allegedly)
Wagner Group (since 2023)
Redut (since 2022)
Africa Corps
Sweden
National Task Force
Turkey
Village Guards
Ukraine
Noman Çelebicihan Battalion
Freedom of Russia Legion
Sheikh Mansur Battalion (since 2022)
= Middle East
=Iran
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
Basij
Iraq
Peshmerga
Israel
Magav
Syria
National Defence Forces
= Oceania
== Micronesia
=Joint Task Force Micronesia
Australia
Australian Border Force
Non-governmental paramilitary units
= Africa
=Somalia
Raskamboni Front
Sudan
Rapid Support Forces (since 2023)
= Americas
=Colombia
AUC
AAA
CONVIVIR
Peasant Self-Defense Forces of Córdoba and Urabá (ACCU)
Los Paisas
Black Eagles
Los Rastrojos
Libertadores del Vichada
Bloque Meta
ERPAC
See also Right-wing paramilitarism in Colombia.
Mexico
Jalisco New Generation Cartel
Grupos de autodefensa comunitaria
United States
Various unorganized non-governmental Militia organizations in the United States (that are not associated with the U.S. military, law enforcement agencies, nor state defense forces in any way). There are many others totaling at around 334 unorganized militia groups as of 2011
3 Percenters
Arizona Border Recon
Hutaree
Idaho Light Foot Militia
Michigan Militia
Militia of Montana
Missouri Citizens Militia
New York Light Foot Militia
Oath Keepers
Ohio Defense Force
Texas Light Foot Militia
Fruit of Islam, paramilitary wing of the Nation of Islam
= Asia
=Cambodia
Cambodian Freedom Fighters (CFF) (Cholana Kangtoap Serei Cheat Kampouchea): Rebel group in Cambodia
Indonesia
Pancasila Youth
Free Aceh Movement: Regional separatist group in Aceh, Indonesia. Also known as Aceh Security Disturbance Movement.
Malaysia
Barisan Revolusi Nasional (BRN): National separatist group in Malaysia and Thailand
Barisan Nasional Pembebasan Patani (BNPP): Islamic insurgent group in Malaysia and Thailand
Myanmar
Eastern Shan State Army
Mong Tai Army (MTA): Armed drug cartel
National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA)
United Wa State Army (UWSA): Autonomous military group in Wa State
Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA): Also known as the Kokang Army, a Kokang nationalist group active in Myanmar.
Karen National Liberation Army
Kachin Independence Army: Group in North Burma which occupies most of Kachin State.
Shan State Army - North
Shan State Army - South
Philippines
Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG): Islamic separatist group in the southern Philippines. Also known as Al Harakut Al Islamiyya.
Alex Boncayao Brigade (ABB): Urban militant group of the Communist Party of the Philippines
Bagani: A counter insurgency group operating in Cabanglasan.
Ilaga (1971-1979): Christian extremist paramilitary group in the Southern Philippines. They battled against the Moro National Liberation Front and Moro Islamic Liberation Front.
Alamara: A counterinsurgency operating across the central-eastern side of Mindanao
Sri Lanka
Eelam People’s Democratic Party
Thailand
Barasi Revolusi Nasional (BRN): National separatist group in Malaysia and Thailand
Barisan National Pember-Basan Pattani (BNPP): Islamic insurgent group in Malaysia and Thailand
= Europe
=Kosovo
Albanian National Army
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Green Berets
Serbian Honour. A Russian-trained and -funded paramilitary unit acting in support of separatist leader Milorad Dodik.
Croatia
Ustaše Militia acted as a para-military unit, an auxiliary part of the WW2 Croatian Nazi Puppet State's Armed Forces
Georgia
Algeti Wolves: Georgian group which carried out anti-Russian attacks in the 1990s.
Merab Kostava Society
White Eagles
Forest Brothers
White Legion
Ireland
Óglaigh na hÉireann (OnH) (2006–09): Small dissident Irish republican group, split from the Continuity IRA.
Óglaigh na hÉireann (OnH) (2009–): Dissident Irish republican group, split from the Real IRA due to differences in leadership and factionalism.
Poland
Strzelec Riflemen's Association of Poland
Russia
Russian Orthodox Army
Interbrigades
Russian Imperial Movement
Wagner Group (until 2023)
Patriot (company)
Turkey
Grey Wolves
Ukraine
Atesh (movement)
Berdiansk Partisan Army
Misanthropic Division
Popular Resistance of Ukraine
Russian Volunteer Corps
Ukrainian National Self Defense (till 2022)
Sheikh Mansur Battalion (till 2019)
Golden Guard
United Kingdom
There are a number of paramilitary organisations in the United Kingdom, most of them operate in and around Northern Ireland and are a continuation of the various paramilitary groups which operated in Northern Ireland during The Troubles. Apart from these, there are a small number of white supremacist paramilitary organisations which operate in the United Kingdom.
Real Irish Republican Army (RIRA): Dissident republican group mainly in Northern Ireland
Ulster Defence Association (UDA): Ulster loyalist group formed in September 1971.
Ulster Resistance (UR or URM): Ulster loyalist group formed in November 1986, operating in mainly in Northern Ireland
Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF): Ulster loyalist group formed in 1966, which is not related to the Ulster Volunteers. Operated mainly in Northern Ireland
Combat 18 - British Neo-Nazi group
Red Hand Commando (RHC): Ulster loyalist paramilitary group, linked to the Ulster Volunteer Force
Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF): Ulster loyalist group, split from the UVF's Mid-Ulster Brigade.
Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) (1974–): Split from the Official IRA in opposition to the OIRA's 1972 ceasefire. Mainly in Northern Ireland
Irish People's Liberation Organisation (IPLO) (1986–92): Formed by expelled and disaffected members of the INLA after that group started to reduce operations in the mid 1980s. The group were heavily involved in drug dealing and other criminal activities and were forcibly shut down in 1992 by the Provisional IRA.
Irish Republican Liberation Army (IRLA) (2006–): A "self-styled vigilante group" that split from the Continuity IRA. Linked to the Loyalist Volunteer Force according to some sources.
The name Irish Republican Army (IRA) has been used by many Irish republican groups in the 20th and 21st centuries. The following names are commonly used by the media and security services, but each group referred to themselves solely as the Irish Republican Army (IRA), and generally rejected the legitimacy of the others.
Irish Volunteers (1913–16) Set up to counter the Ulster Volunteers but was shut down after the Easter Rising and formed the I.R.A. (1917–22)
Irish Republican Army (1917–22): The original IRA, which was the official defence force of the Irish Republic and fought in the Irish War of Independence.
Irish Republican Army (1922–69): The anti-treaty continuation of the original IRA, active during the Irish Civil War, IRA Sabotage Campaign, Northern Campaign, Border Campaign and the Troubles.
Official IRA (OIRA) (1969–72): The Official IRA was formed after a split in 1969 between different factions of the 1922 IRA. The OIRA became a more overtly political movement, advocating Marxist–Leninist principles.
Provisional IRA (PIRA) (1969–2005): Also known as the Provos, the Provisional IRA was the more militarily active of the two IRAs created out of the 1969 split.
Continuity IRA (CIRA) (1986–): Split from the Provisional IRA when that group dropped its policy of abstentionism in relation to Dáil Éireann.
Real IRA (RIRA) (1997–): Known in the media as the New IRA since their 2012 merger with Republican Action Against Drugs and other smaller republican militant groups, they split from the Provisional IRA over that group's support for the Irish peace process and the Good Friday Agreement.
= Middle East
=Iran
Ansar-e Hezbollah
Israel
Tsav 9
Lebanon
Hezbollah
Palestine
Al-Quds Brigades of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad
Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades
Al-Nasser Salah al-Deen Brigades of the Popular Resistance Committees
Abu Ali Mustafa Brigades of the PFLP
National Resistance Brigades of the DFLP
Mujahideen Brigades of the Palestinians Mujahideen Movement
= Multinational
=Nordic Strength
Sea Org: Scientology group with roots in naval tradition. Dress in uniforms, live communally in barracks, and are organized around naval ranks. Some dispute whether it is paramilitary.
See also
List of defunct paramilitary organizations
List of police tactical units
List of private military contractors
List of private security companies
List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel
List of police tactical units
Police tactical unit
Militia
Military volunteer
Mercenary
List of designated terrorist groups
Violent non-state actor
Private army
Footnotes
References
Bowman, Steve (2010). War in Afghanistan: Strategy, Military Operations, and Issues for Congress. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4379-2698-9.
International Institute for Strategic Studies (2017). The Military Balance 2017. Routledge. ISBN 9781857439007.
Bahl, Taru; Syed, M. H. (2003). Encyclopaedia of Muslim World: Iran. Anmol Publications. ISBN 9788126114191.
Shambaugh, David (2002). Modernizing China's military: progress, problems, and prospects. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520225077.
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