- Source: Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons
- Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons
- Atlantic hurricane season
- 2002 Atlantic hurricane season
- Francisco de Bobadilla
- 1821 Norfolk and Long Island hurricane
- List of Texas hurricanes (pre-1900)
- Tropical cyclones by year
- Hurricane Jose (1999)
- Azores
- Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
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This is a list of all known or suspected Atlantic hurricanes up to 1599. Although most storms likely went unrecorded, and many records have been lost, recollections of hurricane occurrences survive from some sufficiently populated coastal areas, and rarely, ships at sea that survived the tempests.
Observation data for years before 1492 is completely unavailable because Indigenous cultures in North America typically did not utilize written language to keep records in the pre-Columbian era, and written records in Mesoamerican languages have either not survived or have not yet been deciphered. Scientists now regard even data from the early years of the Columbian era as suspicious because Renaissance scientists and sailors made no distinction between tropical cyclones and extratropical systems, and incomplete because European exploration of North America and European colonization of the Americas reached only scattered areas in the 16th century.
However, palaeotempestological research allows reconstruction of pre-historic hurricane activity trends on timescales of centuries to millennia. A theory has been postulated that an anti-phase pattern exists between the Gulf of Mexico coast and the East Coast of the United States. During the quiescent periods, a more northeasterly position of the Azores High would result in more hurricanes being steered towards the Atlantic coast. During the hyperactive period, more hurricanes were steered towards the Gulf coast as the Azores High—controlled by the North Atlantic oscillation—was shifted to a more southwesterly position near the Caribbean. Few major hurricanes struck the Gulf coast during 3000 BC–1400 BC and again during the most recent millennium; these quiescent intervals were separated by a hyperactive period during 1400 BC and AD 1000, when catastrophic hurricanes frequently struck the Gulf coast, and their landfall frequencies increased by a factor of three to five. On the Atlantic coast, probability of landfalling hurricanes has doubled in the recent millennium compared to the one and a half millennia before.
Using sediment samples from Puerto Rico, the Gulf coast and the Atlantic coast from Florida to New England, Michael E. Mann et al. (2009) found consistent evidence of a peak in Atlantic tropical cyclone activity during the Medieval Warm Period followed by a subsequent lull in activity.
Systems
~ – only paleotempestological evidence
See also
List of Atlantic hurricanes
Atlantic hurricane season
Paleotempestology
References
Further reading
Abbad y Lasierra, Fray Íñigo (1866), de Acosta y Calbo, José Julián (ed.), Historia geográfica, civil y natural de la Isla de San Juan Bautista de Puerto-Rico (in Spanish) (nueva ed.), Puerto Rico: Imprenta y Libreria de Acosta, p. 433, OCLC 51898961
Alexander, William H. (1902), Hurricanes: especially those of Porto Rico and St. Kitts., Bulletin, United States Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau, p. 79
Cardona Bonet, Walter A. (1989), Shipwrecks in Puerto Rico's history, 1502–1650, vol. I, Model Offset Printing, p. 371, ASIN B0006ES9D0, LCCN 89090750, OCLC 21376979
Chaunu, Huguette; Chaunu, Pierre (1955–1960), Séville et l'Atlantique (1504–1650) (in French), vol. 12, Paris: Librairie Armand Colin
Douglas, Marjory Stoneman (1958), Hurricane, New York: Rinehart & Company, p. 393, OCLC 420024
Evans, "Stormy" Jack (August–October 1848), "A chronological list of hurricanes which have occurred in the West Indies since the year 1493; with interesting descriptions", The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, 17 (8, 9, and 10), London: 397–405, 453–462, 524–530, hdl:2027/nyp.33433066364930
Fisher, David E. (1994), The scariest place on earth: eye to eye with hurricanes, New York: Random House, pp. 250, ISBN 9780679427759
Garriott, Edward Bennett (1900), West Indian hurricanes, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau, p. 69, hdl:2027/mdp.39015023923173, OCLC 19854416
Hughes, Patrick (1987), "Hurricanes haunt our history", Weatherwise, 40 (3): 134–140, Bibcode:1987Weawi..40c.134H, doi:10.1080/00431672.1987.9933354
Ludlum, David M. (1963), Early American Hurricanes, 1492–1870, Boston: American Meteorological Society, OCLC 511649
Marx, Robert F. (1983), Shipwrecks in the Americas, New York: Bonanza Books, pp. 482, ISBN 978-0-517-41371-5, OCLC 9393846
Marx, Robert F. (1985) [1979], Spanish treasure in Florida waters: a billion dollar graveyard (Shipwrecks in Florida waters ed.), Boston: Mariners Press, p. 146, ISBN 978-0913352069, OCLC 5172392
Millás, José Carlos (1968), Pardue, Leonard (ed.), Hurricanes of the Caribbean and Adjacent Regions, 1492–1800, Miami: Academy of the Arts and Sciences of the Americas, OCLC 339427
Pérez, Orlando, ed. (1971), Notes on the tropical cyclones of Puerto Rico, 1508–1970
Peterson, Mendel (1975), The funnel of gold, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, pp. 480, ISBN 978-0-316-70300-0
Potter, John Stauffer (1972), The Treasure Diver's Guide, New York: Doubleday, OCLC 722472
Quinn, David Beers, ed. (1955), The Roanoke voyages, 1584–1590: Documents to illustrate the English voyages to North America under the patent granted to Walter Raleigh in 1584, Hakluyt Society Publications, vol. 104, London: Quaritch
Rappaport, Edward N.; Fernandez-Partagas, Jose (1995), Beven, Jack (ed.), The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492–1996, NOAA Technical Memorandum (NWS NHC 47 ed.) (published 28 May 1995)
Robinson, Conway (1848), An account of discoveries in the West until 1519, and of voyages to and along the Atlantic coast of North America, from 1520 to 1573, Virginia Historical and Philosophical Society, p. 491
Salivia, Luis Alfredo (1972), Historia de los temporales de Puerto Rico y las Antillas, 1492 a 1970 (in Spanish) (2a. rev. y aum. ed.), San Juan, Puerto Rico: Editorial Edil, p. 385, OCLC 433147145
Sandrik, Al; Landsea, Christopher W. (May 2003), Chronological listing of tropical cyclones affecting north Florida and coastal Georgia 1565–1899, NOAA Technical Memorandum
Singer, Steven D. (1992), Shipwrecks of Florida, Sarasota: Pineapple Press, p. 368, ISBN 978-1-56164-006-5, OCLC 25025218
Southey, Captain Thomas (1827), Chronological history of the West Indies, vol. I, OCLC 14936262
Tebeau, Charlton W. (1971), A history of Florida, Coral Gables, Florida: University of Miami Press, p. 502, OCLC 11462989
Walton, Timothy R. (1994), The Spanish treasure fleets, Sarasota: Pineapple Press, p. 256, ISBN 978-1-56164-049-2, OCLC 29638042
External links
"The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492–1996", NOAA
"Hurricane Time Line", Caribbean Genealogy Research Resources
"Virginia Hurricane History", NOAA
Louisiana Hurricane History: 16th Century at the Wayback Machine (archived 8 March 2009)
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Artikel Terkait "pre 1600 atlantic hurricane seasons"
Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons - Wikipedia
This was the first hurricane in the Atlantic basin observed and reported by Europeans as it occurred during Christopher Columbus's second voyage to Hispaniola. His fleet arrived at Saona on 23 September [ O.S. 14 September] 1494, and the storm occurred shortly after this time.
Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons - Simple English Wikipedia, …
The pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons talks about all known Atlantic tropical cyclones before to 1600. While info for every storm that happened is not available, some parts of the coastline had enough people to give info of hurricane happenings.
Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons facts for kids - Kids …
The pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons talks about all known Atlantic tropical cyclones before to 1600. While info for every storm that happened is not available, some parts of the coastline had enough people to give info of hurricane happenings.
About: Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons - DBpedia Association
This is a list of all known or suspected Atlantic hurricanes before 1600. Although most storms likely went unrecorded, and many records have been lost, recollections of hurricane occurrences survive from some sufficiently populated coastal areas, and rarely, ships at …
Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons - Academic Dictionaries and ...
The pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons encompasses all known Atlantic tropical cyclone s prior to 1600. While data for every storm that occurred is unavailable, some parts of the coastline were populated enough to give data of hurricane occurrences.
Atlantic hurricane season - Wikipedia
Peak activity in an Atlantic hurricane season happens from late August through September, with a midpoint on September 10. ... Pre-19th century: Pre-17th century (pre 1600), 17th century (1600s), 18th century (1700s) 1780: 1800–1850: 1800–1809, 1810–1819, 1820–1829, 1830–1839, 1840–1849: 1842, 1850.
Pre-1600 Atlantic Hurricane Seasons - LiquiSearch
This is a list of all known or suspected Atlantic hurricanes before 1600. Although most storms likely went unrecorded, and many records have been lost, recollections of hurricane occurrences survive from some sufficiently populated coastal areas and rarely ships at …
List of Atlantic hurricanes in the 17th century - Wikipedia
The List of Atlantic hurricanes in the 17th century encompasses all known and suspected Atlantic tropical cyclones from the 1600 to 1699. Although records of every storm that occurred do not survive, the information presented here originated in sufficiently populated coastal communities and ships at sea that survived the tempests.
Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons - Wikiwand
The pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons talks about all known Atlantic tropical cyclones before to 1600. While info for every storm that happened is not available, some parts of the coastline had enough people to give info of hurricane happenings.
pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons - Wikidata
cswiki Seznam hurikánových sezón v Atlantiku před rokem 1600; enwiki Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons; eswiki Temporada de huracanes en el Atlántico de 1525-1549; nlwiki Atlantisch orkaanseizoen 1525-1549; simplewiki Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons