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      • The Venḓa (VhaVenḓa or Vhangona) are a Bantu people native to Southern Africa living mostly near the South African-Zimbabwean border. The Venda language arose from interactions with Sotho-Tswana and Kalanga groups from 1400.
      The Venda are closely associated with the 13th century Kingdom of Mapungubwe where oral tradition holds King Shiriyadenga as
      the first king of Venda and Mapungubwe. The Mapungubwe Kingdom stretched from the Soutpansberg in
      the south, across the Limpopo River to the Matopos in the north. The Kingdom rapidly declined around 1300 due to climatic change and the population scattered, as
      power moved north to the Great Zimbabwe Kingdom. The first Venda settlement in the Soutpansberg was that of the legendary chief Thoho-ya-Ndou (Head of the
      Elephant). His royal kraal was called D’zata; its remains have been declared a National Monument. The Mapungubwe Collection is a
      museum collection of artefacts found at the archaeological site and is housed in the Mapungubwe Museum in Pretoria. Venda people share ancestry with Lobedu people and Kalanga people. They are also related to Sotho-Tswana peoples and Shona groups.


      History


      The Venda of today are Vhangona, Takalani (Ungani), Masingo and others. Vhangona are the original inhabitants of Venda, they are also referred as Vhongwani wapo; while Masingo and others are originally from central Africa and the East African Rift, migrating across the Limpopo river during the Bantu expansion, Venda people originated from central and east Africa, just like the other South African tribes.


      = Clans

      =
      The Venda of today are descendants of many heterogeneous groupings and clans such as:

      Vhadau, Vhakwevho, Vhafamadi, Vhania, Vhalea, and Vhaluvhu were collectively known as Vhangona. The Vhangona and Vhambedzi are considered to be the original inhabitants of Venda and the first people to live there.
      The land of Vhangona was later settled by Karanga-Rodzvi clans from Zimbabwe: Vhatwanamba, Vhanyai, Vhatavhatsindi, and Vhalembethu. Masingo and Vhalaudzi are late arrivals in Venda.


      = Mapungubwe

      =
      Mapungubwe was the center of a kingdom with about 5,000 people living at its center. Mapungubwe as a trade center lasted between 1220 and 1300 AD. The people of Mapungubwe mined and smelted copper, iron and gold, spun cotton, made glass and ceramics, grew millet and sorghum, and tended cattle, goats and sheep.
      The people of Mapungubwe had a sophisticated knowledge of the stars, and astronomy played a major role not only in their tradition and culture, but also in their day-to-day lives.
      Mapungubwe predates the settlements at Great Zimbabwe, Thulamela and Dzata.


      = Venda Royal House

      =
      The Venda were recognised as a traditional royal house in 2010 and Toni Mphephu Ramabulana was the acting king from 2012-2019. In September 2016 Princess Masindi Mphephu, daughter of Tshimangadzi Mphephu (Venda Chief during 1993–1997), challenged her uncle Ramabulana for the throne. She claimed that she wasn't considered a candidate because of her sex.
      On 14 December 2016 she initially lost this battle in court when the Thohoyandou High Court dismissed the case.
      In May 2019, however, the Supreme Court of Appeal overturned the Thohoyandou High Court decision and declared that Toni Mphephu-Ramabulana's appointment as king of the Venda nation was deemed ''unlawful''. Ramubulana has since appealed this ruling, and as of July 2020 the matter was before the Constitutional Court of South Africa. The Vhavenda people have since started


      Notable Venda people



      The following is a list of notable Venda people who have their own Wikipedia articles.
      D

      Benedict Daswa, South African school teacher beatified by the Roman Catholic Church
      Mulalo Doyoyo, South African engineer, inventor, and professor
      G

      Thomas Gumbu, South African politician
      K

      Mmbara Hulisani Kevin, South African politician
      L

      Mavhungu Lerule-Ramakhanya, South African politician
      Ma-Mp

      Noria Mabasa, Venda artist who works in ceramic and wood sculpture
      E. S. Madima, South African writer
      Tenda Madima, South African writer
      Joe Mafela, South African actor, film director and singer
      Makhado, 19th century King of the Venda people
      Milicent Makhado, South African actress
      Rudzani Maphwanya, South African Army officer
      Tshilidzi Marwala, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Johannesburg, South African engineer and computer scientist
      Florence Masebe, South African actress
      Michael Masutha, South African politician
      Rendani Masutha, South African naval officer and former military judge
      Shaun Maswanganyi, South African athlete
      Mark Mathabane, South African tennis player and author of Kaffir Boy
      Eric Mathoho, South African footballer
      Kembo Mohadi, Vice President of Zimbabwe.
      Patrick Mphephu, first president of the bantustan of Venda
      Mu

      Daniel Mudau, South African footballer
      Khuliso Mudau, South African footballer
      Sydney Mufamadi, South African politician
      Fulu Mugovhani, South African actress
      Mukhethwa Mukhadi, South African singer, rapper, producer and director
      Elaine Mukheli, South African singer and songwriter
      Colbert Mukwevho, South African reggae singer
      Gumani Mukwevho, South African politician
      Collen Mulaudzi, South African long-distance runner
      Mbulaeni Mulaudzi, South African middle-distance runner
      Rhoda Mulaudzi, South African footballer
      Rotshidzwa Muleka, South African footballer
      Luvhengo Mungomeni, South African footballer
      Clarence Munyai, South African sprinter
      Marks Munyai, South African footballer
      Tshifhiwa Munyai, South African boxer
      Azwinndini Muronga, South African physicist
      Shudufhadzo Musida, Miss South Africa 2020 winner
      Faith Muthambi, South African politician
      N

      Phathutshedzo Nange, South African footballer
      Phillip Ndou, South African boxer
      Lovemore Ndou, South African boxer
      Prince Neluonde, South African lawn bowler
      Fulufhelo Nelwamondo, South African engineer and computer scientist
      Tshilidzi Nephawe, South African basketball player
      Joel Netshitenzhe, South African politician
      Khumbudzo Ntshavheni, South African politician
      P

      George Phadagi, South African politician
      Fred Phaswana, South African businessman
      R

      Kagiso Rabada, South African cricketer
      Vhambelani Ramabulana, South African politician
      Rodney Ramagalela, South African footballer
      Cyril Ramaphosa, 5th President of the Republic of South Africa
      Richard Ramudzuli, South African Events Organizer
      Gabriel Ramushwana, former head of state of the bantustan of Venda
      Phophi Ramathuba, South African politician and medical doctor
      Rudzani Ramudzuli, South African footballer
      Khume Ramulifho, South African politician
      Ndivhudzannyi Ralivhona, South African musician
      Rasta Rasivhenge, South African rugby union referee
      Frank Ravele, second president of the bantustan of Venda
      Riky Rick, South African rapper, songwriter and actor
      T

      Gabriel Temudzani, South African actor
      Dan Tshanda, South African musician
      Mashudu Tshifularo, South African educator and medical specialist
      Jacob Tshisevhe, South African footballer
      Mpho Tshivhase, South African philosopher
      W

      Ernst Oswald Johannes Westphal, Professor of African Languages, b. Khalavha 1919


      Musangwe


      Musangwe is a Venda tradition of bare-knuckle fist fighting. Musangwe is a sport which was developed not only for entertainment but also for gaining respect among your peers. Vhavenda never allowed violence and fighting, but with this sport you could challenge a person you deemed disrespectful towards you, and the rule is if you are challenged to fight you are to fight or there will be consequences such as a fine or even been beaten up by the elders. The winners of this sport were often compensated with whatever the Khosi (chief) or Vhamusanda (headman) deemed right. The fights have no set time limit and only end when one fighter concedes defeat. No medical staff are on standby to help those injured in the flurry of blows that boxers trade, only village elders watching to guard against indiscretions such as biting or kicking.
      Importantly, gambling on the outcome of the fights is banned and the winners take nothing away other than a sense of pride in representing their village or family.


      References

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