• Source: 1971 South Africa rugby union tour of Australia

The 1971 South Africa rugby union tour of Australia was a controversial six-week rugby union tour by the Springboks to Australia. Anti-apartheid protests were held all around the country. The tour is perhaps most infamous for a state of emergency being declared in Queensland.In total, around 700 people were arrested whilst the Springboks were on tour.




Overview


The first games were then played in Adelaide and Perth, which were disrupted mainly by youth-led protesters. The third match was set to take place in Melbourne. A 5,000 strong crowd, made up mostly of university students, gathered in the streets of Melbourne to march on Olympic Park in protest. Police had set up a wall of units around the stadium, around 650 policemen many armed with batons and some on horseback.
In Sydney, several people, including the Secretary of the New South Wales Builders Labourers Federation, attempted to saw down the goal posts at the Sydney Cricket Ground prior to the match. In addition, a gigantic anti-apartheid effigy was hung from the Sydney Harbour Bridge but subsequently cut down.
Queensland premier Joh Bjelke-Petersen declared a month-long state of emergency. Protests at the Tower Mill Motel where the South African team were staying were responded to by police. The game was instead played at the Exhibition Ground, being moved from its original venue at Ballymore, as it was deemed easier to erect barricades at the Exhibition Ground. A two-metre chain wire fence was erected to separate players and spectators, backed up by police in full riot gear standing ten meters apart and facing the spectators.
According to Meredith Burgmann and Peter McGregor, both leading firebrands, the rugby tour was a crucial target but to stop the summer's cricketing visit was the ultimate goal. They were successful in this regard as the cricket tour was called off due to security reasons.
Seven players of the Australia national rugby union team – Jim Boyce, Tony Abrahams, Paul Darveniza, Terry Forman, Barry McDonald, James Roxburgh and Bruce Taafe – who had previously toured South Africa for three months in 1969 and seen the effects of the "ruthless" apartheid system "both in everyday life in South Africa and within the rugby stadiums themselves", declared "their opposition to the continuation of sporting ties with the South African Republic". Dubbed the "Rugby Seven" and the "Anti-Apartheid Seven", their non-violent action was an "unprecedented stance in refusing to play against the Springboks".
The anti-apartheid protests had influenced the cancellation of the South African cricket team tour in Australia in 1971–72.




Fixtures


Scores and results list South Africa's points tally first.




Touring group






Test matches


South Africa won the Test Series 3–0

17 July 1971 – Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, South Africa 19–11 Australia
South Africa: McCallum, Nomis, Cronje, Jansen, Viljoen, Visagie, J Viljoen, Du Plessis, Ellis, Greyling, Williams, Du Preez, Marais (c), Van Wyk and Sauermann
Tries by Hannes Viljoen, Joggie Viljoen and Jan Ellis. Ian McCallum 2 conversions and penalty and Piet Visagie drop goal.
Australia Captain Greg Davis

31 July 1971 – Brisbane Exhibition Ground, Brisbane, South Africa 14–6 Australia
First try: Piet Visagie

7 August 1971 – Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney. South Africa 18–6 Australia




See also


1981 South Africa rugby union tour of New Zealand




References






Further reading


Larry Writer, Pitched Battle: In the Frontline of the 1971 Springbok Tour of Australia, Melbourne: Scribe Publications, 2006.




External links


Breaking the rules: the campaign in Australia against apartheid - Green Left Weekly, 7 December 2005
History Of The Game, rugby.com.au - includes match image
Arielle Bernhardt, Australians block cricket and impede rugby tour of apartheid South Africa, 1971, The Commons Library
Meredith Burgmann, The Sydney Morning Herald, "The day apartheid was hit for six", 23 August 2008
Mild in the streets. The Sydney Morning Herald, 29 April 2005
Springbok Tour Protests Remembered, 1 July 2001
Focus on Springboks tour on eve of anniversary - University of Wollongong media release, 2001
Sport at Exhibition Grounds - Environmental Protection Agency, Queensland
Springboks 1971 - Radio National's The Sports Factor with Amanda Smith, 29 June 2001
TV Programs worth watching, The Guardian, 9 November 2005 - review of the ABC documentary, Political Football
Go Home Springboks - Radio National's Hindsight with Claudia Taranto, 7 September 2003

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