• Source: 343158 Marsyas

343158 Marsyas (prov. designated 2009 HC82) is an asteroid on a retrograde orbit, classified as a large near-Earth object of the Apollo group. It may be an extinct comet or damocloid asteroid. The asteroid was discovered on 29 April 2009, by astronomers with the Catalina Sky Survey at the Catalina Station near Tucson, Arizona, in the United States. Approximately 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) in diameter, it makes many close approaches to Earth, Venus, and Mars at a very high relative velocity. It was named after the satyr Marsyas from Greek mythology.




Classification and orbit


Marsyas was initially listed as a potentially hazardous asteroid. It was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 6 May 2009. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.49–4.6 AU once every 4.02 years (1,467 days; semi-major axis of 2.53 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.81 and an inclination of 154° with respect to the ecliptic.




= Retrograde

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Marsyas has a retrograde orbit and thus orbits the Sun in the opposite direction of other objects. Therefore, close approaches to this object can have very high relative velocities. As of 2012, it had the highest relative velocity to Earth of objects that come within 0.5 AU of Earth.




= Close approaches

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On 11 November 2024, Marsyas will pass about 0.485 AU (72,600,000 km; 45,100,000 mi) from Earth, but with a record high relative velocity of about 283,000 km/h (78.66 km/s). Both Halley's Comet (254,000 km/h) and 55P/Tempel-Tuttle (252,800 km/h) have slightly lower relative velocities to Earth.
Note however that when the asteroid is one astronomical unit from the sun (as it would be if it ever hit the earth), its relative speed will be less. On 2 February 2053, Marsyas will pass about 0.08 AU from Venus. On 22 October 2060, it may pass about 0.004 AU (600,000 km; 370,000 mi) from Mars.




= Possible damocloid

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The multiple planet crossing and retrograde orbit suggests that this object may be an extinct comet or damocloid asteroid similar to 5335 Damocles, 2008 KV42, and 20461 Dioretsa.




= Possible asteroid origin

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Marsyas has a semimajor axis that puts it very near the 3:1 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter at 2.5 au. This resonance has been shown to be a source for near-Earth asteroids on low-inclination orbits to evolve onto retrograde orbits. Studies show that, when compared to model predictions, Marsyas exhibits orbital behavior very similar to near-Earth asteroids that undergo the transition to retrograde orbits. Its orbital evolution and current location very near the 3:1 resonance strongly suggests that Marsyas thus may likely to be a near-Earth asteroid that evolved onto a retrograde orbit as opposed to being an extinct comet or damacloid asteroid.




= Diameter

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Based on a generic magnitude-to-diameter conversion, Marsyas measures approximately 1.7 to 3.5 kilometers in diameter, for an absolute magnitude of 16.2 and an assumed albedo between 0.22 and 0.05.
Since the true albedo is unknown and it has an absolute magnitude (H) of 16.1, it is about 1.6 to 3.6 km in diameter.




Naming


On 14 May 2021, the object was named by the Working Group for Small Bodies Nomenclature (WGSBN), after Marsyas, a Phrygian satyr from Greek mythology, who dared to challenge Apollo in a musical contest. Marsyas lost and he was flayed alive in a cave near Celaenae for his hubris to challenge a god. As with the mythological account, the unusual retrograde orbit of asteroid Marsyas is opposed to most bodies in the Solar System, including 1862 Apollo.




References






External links


2009 news images Archived 6 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine at HohmannTransfer.com
List Of Apollo Minor Planets (by designation), Minor Planet Center
343158 Marsyas at NeoDyS-2, Near Earth Objects—Dynamic Site
Ephemerides · Observation prediction · Orbital info · MOID · Proper elements · Observational info · Close approaches · Physical info · Orbit animation
343158 Marsyas at ESA–space situational awareness
Ephemerides · Observations · Orbit · Physical properties · Summary
343158 Marsyas at the JPL Small-Body Database

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• 343158 Marsyas
• Marsyas (disambiguation)
• Damocloid
• 333P/LINEAR
• Meanings of minor planet names: 343001–344000
• List of exceptional asteroids
• List of named minor planets: M
• List of minor planets: 343001–344000
• List of named minor planets: 300000–349999