• Source: Africa Coast to Europe (cable system)

Africa Coast to Europe (ACE) is an optical-fiber submarine cable system serving 24 countries on the Europe , west coast and south Africa, managed by a consortium of 20 members.
The ACE cable connects more than 450 million people, either directly for coastal countries or through land links for landlocked countries such as Mali and Niger. ACE is also the first international submarine cable to land in Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Guinea, Liberia, Mauritania, São Tomé and Príncipe and Sierra Leone.
Agreements are being put in place to allow the arrival of other operators in countries along the ACE cable route. Guinea-Bissau is the next country to be connected to the submarine cable.
ACE Consortium consists of telecommunications operators and member countries that have invested in the total 700 million dollars project, sometimes with the financial support of the World Bank. The consortium agreement was signed on 5 June 2010 and on 15 December 2012, this 17,000 km-long cable was put into service for the first time. The official inauguration ceremony was held in Banjul, Gambia, on 19 December 2012.
The 4 to 5 cms diameter cable runs at around 6,000m below the sea level. The maximum capacity of the entire system is increased from 12.8 Tbps in the design to 20 Tbps.
It has been manufactured by Alcatel Submarine Networks (ASN) and laid by ships from ASN and Orange Marine.




ACE consortium



The cable cost consortium members $700 million:

ACE Gabon
Bénin ACE GIE
Cable Consortium of Liberia
Canalink
Dolphin Telecom
Gambia Submarine Cable
GUILAB SA
International Mauritania Telecom
MTN Global Connect
Orange (France)
Orange Cameroun
Orange Côte d'Ivoire
Orange Mali
Orange Niger
Gestor de Infraestructuras de Telecomunicaciones de Guinea Ecuatorial
SCGB
Sonatel
STP Cabo




Landing points



Segment 1

France, Penmarch
Portugal, Carcavelos
Espagne, île de Tenerife
Mauritania, Nouakchott
Senegal, Dakar
Segment 2

Senegal, Dakar
Gambia, Banjul
Guinea-Bissau, Suro (coming up)
Guinea, Conakry
Sierra Leone, Freetown
Liberia, Monrovia
Ivory Coast, Abidjan
Segment 3

Ivory Coast, Abidjan
Ghana, Accra
Benin, Cotonou
Nigeria, Lagos
Cameroon, Kribi
Equatorial Guinea, Bata
Gabon, Libreville
Sao Tomé et principe, São Tomé

Segment 4 (The last segment is in service - 1 June 2021)

South Africa




Technical features


This 17 000-kilometers long cable is the only one connecting 24 west African and European countries. The ACE consortium members are organized according to a global access concept: multiple investors in one landing station. ACE marine routes have a low history of fault and a time-proof technology. The cable is able to adopt newer transponder technology.
Technical features are as below :

PoP-to-PoP connection providing access to major cities in Europe and Africa (Paris, Lisbon, Cape Town)
100G technology proof
Design capacity increased = 20 terabytes per second
Lit capacity = 1.6 terabytes per second
Initial capacity 200 Gbit/s on segment 1, 160 Gbit/s on segments 2 and 3
Longest DLS = 4400 kilometres (Penmarch - Dakar)
Low latency (express and omnibus fibres)
Uses wavelength division multiplexing (the most advanced for submarine cables)




Cable systems


Individual cable systems off the west coast of Africa include:

ATLANTIS-2
GLO-1
Main One
SAT-2
SAT-3/WASC
WACS




See also


List of international submarine communications cables




References






External links


ACE-Africa Coast to Europe website

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Garis waktu penghapusan perbudakan
• Madonna
• Daftar julukan kota di Amerika Serikat
• Africa Coast to Europe (cable system)
• West Africa Cable System
• SEACOM (African cable system)
• EASSy
• SAT-3/WASC
• List of international submarine communications cables
• BRICS Cable
• Submarine communications cable
• West Indian Ocean Cable Company
• Main One