• Source: Alexander von Bock

Alexander Friedrich von Bock, russified as Aleksandr Romanovich von Bok (Russian: Алекса́ндр Рома́нович фон Бок; 7 June 1829, Reastvere, Estonia (then part of Russian Empire) - 17 August 1895, Saint Petersburg) was a Baltic German sculptor and art professor.




Biography


From 1850 to 1857, he studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts, where his primary instructor was Peter Clodt. During his time there, he received several awards. Upon graduating, he was presented with a large gold medal for his bas-relief depicting the crucifixion of Jesus. He was also named an "Artist First-Class". The following year, he was given a stipend to study abroad. From then until 1864, he spent time in Germany, France and Italy.
Upon returning, he was named "Professor of Sculpture", for the figures of Psyche and Cupid that he created while in Rome. Both works were purchased by Tsar Alexander II, and placed in the Hermitage. The following year, he was elected a member of the faculty in the sculpture department at the academy; in 1883, he was promoted to first-degree professor in 1883. He taught at the academy, and was a member of its governing council, until his final years; due to his declining health and amidst the academical reform, Bock retired from the Imperial Academy in July 1894. Bock's most notable pupils were Vladimir Beklemishev and Hugo Salemann, who both succeeded their master at the reformed Academy; his students also included Robert Bach and Maria Dillon, as well as the pioneering Estonian sculptors, Amandus Adamson and August Weizenberg. Ilya Gintsburg and Leonid Sherwood, sometimes written as Bock's students, never considered themselves as such, however.
In 1880, he offered several of his works to the academy's museum, including the cast for a colossal bust of Catherine the Great.
One of his best known works was a tinned plaster figure of Minerva, surrounded by young genii, representing the various arts. Designed for the academy's dome, it was installed there in 1885. It was demolished following a fire only fifteen years later. The original models were preserved, and it was restored as bronze in 2003.




References






Further reading


Primary sources
Petrov, Pyotr N. (1866). Сборник материалов для истории Императорской Санкт-Петербургской академии художеств за сто лет ее существования (in Russian). Vol. 3. Saint Petersburg: Gogenfelden and Co. pp. 212, 236, 250, 265, 268, 284, 287, 351, 360, 361, 371, 390, 401, 426, 446, 448. OCLC 676719786.
Scholarly notes
Bogdan, Veronika-Irina T. [in Russian]; et al. (2003). Russian Academy of Arts, Moscow; et al. (eds.). Немцы и Академия художеств (exhibition catalog) (in Russian). Moscow: Russian Academy of Arts Museum. pp. 96–97, cat. nos. 264–269; also see p. 95, cat. no. 260 for the portrait bust by Robert Bach. OCLC 886361785.
Doronina, Lyudmila N. (2008). Мастера русской скульптуры XVIII–XX веков. Скульптура XVIII–XIX веков (in Russian). Moscow: Belyi Gorod. pp. 270, 316, 378, 384, 392, 397. ISBN 978-5-7793-1404-6. OCLC 259743748.
Karpova, Yelena V. (December 2020). "Забытый автор памятника Екатерине II в Моршанске". Наука и жизнь (in Russian). pp. 68–73. ISSN 0028-1263.
Krivdina, Olga A. and Tychinin, Boris B. (2020). "Профессор скульптурного класса Императорской Академии художеств Александр Романович фон Бок (1829–1895). Материалы к биографии". Эпоха Марка Антокольского (in Russian). Moscow: Buksmart. pp. 172–183. ISBN 978-5-907043-97-8. OCLC 1225281074.
Neumann, Wilhelm (1902). Baltische Maler und Bildhauer des XIX. Jahrhunderts (in German). Riga: A. Grosset. pp. 83–86. OCLC 25471919. Archived from the original on November 10, 2021.
Shmidt, Igor M. (1989). Русская скульптура второй половины XIX — начала XX века. Из истории мирового искусства (in Russian). Moscow: Iskusstvo. pp. 18, 19, 119, 132, 136, 138, 139, 146, 284, 285; ill. 91. ISBN 5-210-00480-5. OCLC 21526114.
Wrangel, Nikolai N. [in Russian] (1913). Grabar, Igor E. (ed.). История скульптуры. История русского искусства (in Russian). Vol. 5. Moscow: Joseph Knebel. pp. 300, 304; ill. pp. 302, 303. OCLC 995561716.
Reference books
Arsenyev, Konstantin K.; Shevyakov, Vladimir T., eds. (1905). "Бок (фон-, Александр Романович)". Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, Additional Volumes (in Russian). Vol. I. Saint Petersburg: Brockhaus and Efron. p. 288.
Bulgakov, Fyodor I. [in Russian] (1889). "фон-Бок, Александр Романович". Наши художники (in Russian). Vol. 1. St. Petersburg: Suvorin Typography. pp. 48–52. OCLC 38661216.
Kondakov, Sergei N. [in Russian] (1915). Юбилейный справочник Императорской Академии художеств. 1764–1914 (in Russian). Vol. 2. St. Petersburg: Golike and Vilborg. pp. 245–246. OCLC 707072219.
Kulakov, Valery A. (1996). "Bock, Alexander von". In Kasten, Eberhard; et al. (eds.). Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon (in German). Vol. 12. München, Leipzig: Saur. p. 39. ISBN 3-598-22752-3. OCLC 643706995.
Milner, John (1993). A Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Artists, 1420–1970. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Antique Collectors' Club. p. 84. ISBN 1-85149-182-1. OCLC 29787870.
Neumann, Wilhelm (1908). Lexikon baltischer Künstler (in German). Riga: Jonck & Poliewsky. p. 17. OCLC 23573969.
Neumann, Wilhelm (1910). "Bock, Alexander v.". In Thieme, Ulrich; Becker, Felix (eds.). Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler (in German). Vol. 4. Leipzig: W. Engelmann. pp. 156–157. OCLC 1039507204 – via the Internet Archive.
Voltsenburg, Oskar E. [in Russian]; et al., eds. (1972). "Бок, Александр Романович". Художники народов СССР (in Russian). Vol. 2. Moscow: Iskusstvo. p. 17.




External links


Media related to Alexander von Bock at Wikimedia Commons

Alexander von Bock at the Russian Academy of Arts' official website (in Russian)
"von Bock, Alexander Friedrich / Romanovič". Erik-Amburger-Datenbank (in German). Leibniz-Institut für Ost- und Südosteuropaforschung (IOS). Retrieved August 21, 2024.

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