• Source: Amal Dutta

Amal Dutta (4 May 1930 – 10 July 2016) was a former Indian footballer, coach and football manager. Born in Calcutta, then Bengal Presidency, he is considered as the first professional football coach in the country. A finest thinker of the sport, Dutta had a rivalry with Pradip Kumar Banerjee during his coaching days in Kolkata club football.
Known for introducing the "diamond system" in football in India in the late 1970s, Dutta is known as "Diamond Coach".




Playing career






= Earlier career

=
Dutta began his playing career in Friends Club of Jorasanko. He then went on to play for numerous clubs of lower divisions, Subarnon, Sporting Union, Aryans and Bengal Nagpur Railway respectively.




= East Bengal and Mohun Bagan

=
Dutta made his full-time professional club football debut in the CFL, in early 1950s, appeared with East Bengal in three consecutive seasons from 1953 to 1956. During his playing days with both East Bengal and India, he played under two of the country's legendary coaches, Bagha Som and Syed Abdul Rahim. In his first season with the club, he was part of the team that toured Romania and participated in World Youth Festival, and Soviet Union in 1953. In that year, the club played against German side Kickers Offenbach and Soviet team Torpedo Moscow.
He also played for Mohun Bagan, arch-rival of East Bengal, for a short period of time and represented the club in Rovers Cup.




= International career

=
On 25 October 1953, Dutta made his national team debut against Pakistan in Rangoon during the Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament, which was his only appearance for India. Managed by Balaidas Chatterjee, they won the tournament. He was also a member of Indian squad in the 1954 Asian Games in Manila.
Dutta also appeared with the Indian team against numerous visiting European teams in exhibition matches, including a 1–0 defeat to Allsvenskan club AIK at CC&FC Ground in Kolkata on 10 December 1954.




Coaching career


Dutta hanged-up his boots after his playing career cut short due to injury at the age of 29. Soon in the early 1960s, he left his job in the Indian Railways to become a full-time coach. He then went to England for a one-year FA coaching course paid for from his own finances, where he was taught by renowned football administrator Walter Winterbottom, who was first manager of England. Dutta was influenced by Indian coach Sir Dukhiram Majumder.
After returning to India, Dutta started a coaching camp in Bally, Howrah. His first major assignment was to coach Railways in 1960 for the Santosh Trophy, and later managed Odisha twice in the same tournament. Dutta later managed Calcutta Football League club Aryan from 1960 to 1962 and guided players like Asim Moulick. His first assignment with a big club was in 1963 with East Bengal midway through the Calcutta Football League. His first Kolkata Derby match against Mohun Bagan ended in a 3–0 defeat in CFL, and in the return leg, East Bengal bounced back and clinched a 2–0 victory. He remained as coach of East Bengal in 1964 but a year later, after gaining coaching course abroad, the first-ever in India and a feat for which, he received little recognition.

I am known as a Harley Street specialist. When the patient (losing football club) has been treated by all doctors and not recovered, they come to me.
Leaving his job from the Indian Railways to become a full-time coach, was a bold step in the then amateur football scene of the country and it is the reason behind his nickname, the 'first professional coach of India'. In his long coaching career he was associated with premier football clubs of India, and also became coach of India. Dutta coached all the three big clubs of the Kolkata Maidan. With East Bengal; he won the CFL (twice), IFA shield (twice), Rovers Cup, Durand Cup, Darjeeling Gold Cup, Bordoloi Trophy, Airlines Gold Cup, Sanjay Gandhi Gold Cup and ATP Shield. He had more success with Mohun Bagan whom he coached to 4 Calcutta Football League titles, 4 IFA Shield titles, 3 Federation Cups, 2 Durand Cups and also wins in DCM Trophy, All Airlines Gold Cup, Sikkim Governor's Gold Cup and Nehru Trophy. In a single season with Mohammedan Sporting in 1980, Dutta won Rovers, DCM and Sikkim Governors Gold Cup titles.
With Mohun Bagan, Dutta won multiple trophies including a "double" in 1969 (IFA Shield and Calcutta Football League). He guided the team clinching Rovers Cup consecutively from 1970 to 1972 while players like Bhabani Roy were flourished under his tenure. After managing the mariners in 1969–1971 and 1985–1987, Dutta returned to the club again in 1989. He then utilized an innovative 3–4–3 "Diamond System", with Abdul Khaliq and Okerie in the front, the club played offensively, which was rare in Indian football. At the 1997 Federation Cup, one of the most anticipated matches in Indian football history, Dutta managed the club against Banerjee's East Bengal in front of the recorded 131,000+ spectators at the Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan. Despite a 4–1 defeat, fans lauded Mohun Bagan's impressive style of play under his "Diamond System".
Dutta has also managed another Kolkata-based NFL side Tollygunge Agragami from 1999 to 2000. He helped the team reaching final of the 105th edition of IFA Shield in November 1999. Tollygunge also played in the Calcutta Football League under his short spell of coaching. In September 2006, Dutta was roped in as head coach of Chirag United in place of Belgian manager Philippe De Ridder. Dutta also managed teams like BNR, Titanium SC, Bhatri Sangha. He managed noted Indian club Dempo in 1981–82 and helped the team clinching Goa Senior Division League title in 1981. In his coaching career, he managed the India national football team and helped them clinching gold at the 1987 South Asian Games, held in Pakistan. In 1967–68, and 1980–81, he managed Odisha in Santosh Trophy, and also worked as technical director of India while Syed Nayeemuddin was head coach. He also managed another Kolkata-giant Mohammedan Sporting. A rough and tough behavior coach in local and national level teams, and highly controversial character on and off the pitch, Dutta is known as the first Indian professional coach, who gave Bengali youngsters their first taste of world football by showing them video clippings of famous Brazilian players of that time.




Tactics


Dutta was renowned for his bold and innovative tactics and formation, Diamond system. Popularly known as the "Diamond Coach" of Indian football for utilising the 3–4–3 diamond formation, he was one of the key figures who shaped the Kolkata Derby rivalry between Mohun Bagan and East Bengal. Dutta is India's first ever licensed coach, who is credited to have employed modern methods in domestic football, before those became popular in the country.

During his early days with the "red and gold brigade" as head coach, he felt that 2–3–5 formation is outdated and wanted to try a three-man defence influenced by the Soviet Union. His proposal to acquire the three-man defence tactic was denied by then East Bengal manager Jyotish Chandra Guha. He brought the iconic Brazilian 4–2–4 system in Mohun Bagan despite opposition from club legends including Sailen Manna, and later used the bold 3–4–3 formation. As chief coach of India, Dutta introduced the 4–4–2 formation at the Football at the 1987 South Asian Games, in which they won gold defeating Nepal. The 3–4–3 diamond formation was popularly used by Johan Cruyff's FC Barcelona. Being a stickler for discipline, Dutta revolutionized football in Kolkata.




Personal life


Dutta was born in Calcutta, brought up in Shikdarpara Lane. Noted Bengali poet and writer Akshay Kumar Baral was his maternal grandfather. In his earlier days, Dutta learnt Tabla playing from Radheshyam Dutta. He was married to Arati Dutta. The 1946 riots in Bengal changed Dutta's life for a while. In his working career before entering into coaching, Dutta was employed in both Bengal Nagpur Railway and Income Tax Department of India. He also worked in Rifle Factory Ishapore, also coached the institution's football team.
He is author of several books including Football Khelte Hole (lit. 'If You Play Football'), and his autobiography Jotodin Bnachi (lit. 'So Long As I Am Alive'). Dutta died on 10 July 2016 at the age of 86.




Legacy


In July 2016, Utpal Ganguly, president of Indian Football Association, announced that the best coach of every Calcutta Football League season will be awarded with Amal Dutta Trophy, as IFA's tribute to Amal Dutta.
A multipurpose stadium named "Amal Dutta Krirangan" in Dum Dum, North 24 Parganas, was built in honour of Dutta, which was inaugurated by sports and PWD minister Aroop Biswas in March 2020. The stadium also hosts matches of Calcutta Football League.




Honours






= Player

=
India

Asian Quadrangular Football Tournament: 1953
East Bengal

Durand Cup: 1956
P. K. Nair Gold Cup: 1956




= Manager

=
East Bengal

IFA Shield: 1965, 1976, 1981, 1983, 1984
Federation Cup: 1978, 1980
Durand Cup: 1978, 1982
Calcutta Football League: 1977, 1982, 1985
Rovers Cup: 1980
DCM Trophy: 1983
Bordoloi Trophy: 1978
Darjeeling Gold Cup: 1976, 1981, 1982, 1985
Stafford Cup: 1981
Sanjay Gandhi Gold Cup: 1984
Trades Cup: 1976
William Younger Cup: 1976
Mohun Bagan

IFA Shield: 1969
Rovers Cup: 1970, 1971, 1972, 1985
Federation Cup: 1986, 1987
Durand Cup: 1985, 1986
Calcutta Football League: 1986
Dempo

Goa Senior Division League: 1981
India

South Asian Games Gold medal: 1987
Tollygunge Agragami

IFA Shield runner-up: 1999
McDowell's Cup: 1999
Chirag United

Trades Cup: 2007; runner-up: 2006
Individual

East Bengal "Lifetime Achievement Award": 2014
Sportskeeda Coach of the All time Indian Football XI




See also



India national football team at the Olympics
Football at the Asian Games
List of East Bengal Club coaches
List of India national football team managers




References






Further reading


Bibliography

Kapadia, Novy (2017). Barefoot to Boots: The Many Lives of Indian Football. Penguin Random House. ISBN 978-0-143-42641-7.
Martinez, Dolores; Mukharjiim, Projit B (2009). Football: From England to the World: The Many Lives of Indian Football. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-138-88353-6. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022.
Nath, Nirmal (2011). History of Indian Football: Upto 2009–10. Readers Service. ISBN 9788187891963. Archived from the original on 22 July 2022.
Dineo, Paul; Mills, James (2001). Soccer in South Asia: Empire, Nation, Diaspora. London, United Kingdom: Frank Cass Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7146-8170-2. Archived from the original on 25 July 2022.
"Triumphs and Disasters: The Story of Indian Football, 1889—2000" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 August 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
Mukhopadhay, Subir (2018). সোনায় লেখা ইতিহাসে মোহনবাগান (transl. Mohun Bagan in the history written in gold). ISBN 978-93-850172-0-9.
Banerjee, Argha; Basu, Rupak (2022). মোহনবাগান: সবুজ ঘাসের মেরুন গল্প (transl. Mohun Bagan: Green fields' Maroon stories). Shalidhan. ISBN 978-81-954667-0-2.
Roy, Gautam (1 January 2021). East Bengal 100. Allsport Foundation. ISBN 978-8194763109.
Bandyopadhyay, Santipriya (1979). Cluber Naam East Bengal (in Bengali). Kolkata: New Bengal Press.
Chattopadhyay, Hariprasad (2017). Mohun Bagan–East Bengal (in Bengali). Kolkata: Parul Prakashan.
D'Mello, Anthony (1959). Portrait Of Indian Sport. P R Macmillan Limited, London.
Bandyopadhyay, Kausik (2008). "Football in Bengali culture and society: a study in the social history of football in Bengal 1911–1980". Shodhganga. University of Calcutta. p. 35. hdl:10603/174532. Archived from the original on 7 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
Majumdar, Boria; Bandyopadhyay, Kausik (2006). A Social History Of Indian Football: Striving To Score. Routledge. ISBN 9780415348355. Archived from the original on 29 June 2021.
Basu, Jaydeep (2003). Stories from Indian Football. UBS Publishers' Distributors. ISBN 9788174764546. Archived from the original on 11 October 2022.
Other sources

"Football — the passion play in Kolkata". ibnlive.in. IBN Live. 13 December 2011. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
Ghoshal, Dipankar (7 July 2022). "'পেলের বিরুদ্ধে খেলার জন্যই ইস্টবেঙ্গল ছেড়ে মোহনবাগানে গিয়েছিলাম', বাগান রত্ন সম্মানে আপ্লুত শ্যাম থাপা" ['Leaved East Bengal to Mohun Bagan to play against Pele', Shyam Thapa elated at Bagan Ratna honor]. tv9bangla.com (in Bengali). Kolkata: TV9 Bangla Digital. Archived from the original on 13 May 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
"Still get goosebumps remembering 1962 Asian Games football gold run: Arun Ghosh". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. The Times of India. PTI. 4 September 2020. Archived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
Moitra, Parijat (24 June 2020). "ইস্টবেঙ্গল ক্লাবের প্রথম বাঙালি বিদেশি ফুটবলার" [The first foreign Bengali player of East Bengal Club]. facebook.com (East Bengal Samachar) (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
"PK Banerjee vs Amal Dutta : The Battle Royale". Football Maidan. Kolkata. 26 January 2014. Archived from the original on 11 July 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
Banerjie, Indranil (15 May 1985). "Money, violence and politics enter Calcutta football". India Today. Kolkata. Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
Bhattacharya, Ayan (10 September 2023). "বাংলা ভাগের ক্ষত কিভাবে বিষিয়ে দিল মোহনবাগান আর ইস্টবেঙ্গলকে?" [How did the wound of the partition of Bengal poisoned both Mohun Bagan and East Bengal?]. inscript.me (in Bengali). Kolkata: ইনস্ক্রিপ্ট বাংলা নিউজ. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
Mergulhao, Marcus (29 September 2008). "The League of foreign coaches". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Margao: The Times of India. TNN. Archived from the original on 16 June 2024. Retrieved 28 November 2023.




External links


Amal Dutta on Facebook
"AFC President's Condolences on the passing of Amal Dutta". the-afc.com. Asian Football Confederation. 12 July 2016. Archived from the original on 5 May 2022. Retrieved 5 May 2022.

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