• Source: Amphidinium

Amphidinium is a genus of dinoflagellates. The type for the genus is Amphidinium operculatum Claparède & Lachmann. The genus includes the species Amphidinium carterae which is used as a model organism.
As dinoflagellates, Amphidinium spp. have chloroplasts. The Amphidinium chloroplast genome is unusual in not having a single contiguous circular genome. Instead, chloroplast genes encoded in chloroplast DNA are found on numerous 2-3 kbp minicircles, analogous to plasmids. Most minicircles have only a few protein-coding genes; many have just a single gene. There are reports of minicircles that do not have known transcripts, like in the Amphidinium carterae chloroplast genome, although these were not found in the Symbiodinium sp. Clade C3 chloroplast genome. Minicircle-derived transcripts can be processed in ways not typical of eukaryotes, including the addition of a 3' poly(U) tail, as opposed to the typical poly(A) tail derived from polyadenylation of eukaryotic transcripts. Minicircle-derived antisense transcripts are also produced, but without 3' poly(U) tails.




See also


Luteophanol, a type of amphidinol present in species of the genus.




References






Further reading


Pagliaraa, Patrizia; Caroppo, Carmela (November 2012). "Toxicity assessment of Amphidinium carterae, Coolia cfr. monotis and Ostreopsis cfr. ovata (Dinophyta) isolated from the northern Ionian Sea (Mediterranean Sea)". Toxicon. 60 (6): 1203–14. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.08.005. PMID 22925842.
Murray, Shauna A.; Garby, Tamsyn; Hoppenrath, Mona; Neilan, Brett A. (4 June 2012). "Genetic Diversity, Morphological Uniformity and Polyketide Production in Dinoflagellates (Amphidinium, Dinoflagellata)". PLOS ONE. 7 (6): e38253. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...738253M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038253. PMC 3366924. PMID 22675531.

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Zooxanthellae
• Paramecium
• Dinoflagellata
• Aconoidasida
• Haemosporida
• Supergrup SAR
• Apicomplexa
• Amphidinium
• Gymnodinium
• Amphidinium carterae
• Dinokaryota
• Zooxanthellae
• Waminoa
• Ciguatera fish poisoning
• Peridinin
• Toxoplasma gondii
• Atoll