• Source: Anthiadidae

Anthias are members of the family Anthiadidae in the order Perciformes. The group has also been called Anthiidae or Anthiinae, but these names are preoccupied by a subfamily of ground beetles in the family Carabidae erected by Bonelli in 1813.
Anthias are mostly small, thus are quite popular within the ornamental fish trade. They form complex social structures based on the number of males and females and also their position on the reef itself, and are mainly zooplankton feeders. They occur in all tropical oceans and seas of the world. The first species recognized in this group was described in the Mediterranean and northeast Atlantic and was given name Anthias anthias by Carl Linnaeus in 1758.
Anthias can shoal by the thousands. Anthias do school in these large groups, though they tend toward more intimate subdivisions within the school, appropriately called "harems". These consist of one dominant, colorful male, and two to 12 females — which have their own hierarchy among them — and up to two 'subdominant' males, often less brightly colored and not territorial. Within the swarm of females, territorial males perform acrobatic U-swim displays and vigorously defend an area of the reef and its associated harem.
Most anthias are protogynous hermaphrodites. These anthias are born female; if a dominant male perishes, the largest female of the group will often change into a male to take its place. This may lead to squabbling between the next-largest male, which sees an opportunity to advance, and the largest female, whose hormones are surging with testosterone.
Seven genera of anthias are known to occur in coral reef ecosystems: Holanthias, Luzonichthys, Nemanthias, Plectranthias, Pseudanthias, Rabaulichthys, and Serranocirrhitus. Members of all these genera make it into the aquarium trade, although Pseudanthias is by far the most encountered in the hobby.




Genera


The following genera are classified within the family:

Acanthistius Gill, 1862
Anatolanthias Anderson, Parin & Randall, 1990
Anthias Bloch, 1792
Baldwinella Anderson & Heemstra, 2012
Caesioperca Castelnau, 1872
Caprodon Temminck & Schlegel, 1843
Choranthias Anderson & Heemstra, 2012
Dactylanthias Bleeker, 1871
Epinephelides Ogilby, 1899
Giganthias Katayama, 1954
Hemanthias Steindachner, 1875
Holanthias Günther 1868
Hypoplectrodes Gill, 1862
Lepidoperca Regan, 1914
Luzonichthys Herre, 1936
Meganthias Randall & Heemstra, 2006
Nemanthias J.L.B. Smith, 1954
Odontanthias Bleeker, 1873
Othos Castelnau, 1875
Plectranthias Bleeker, 1873
Pronotogrammus Gill, 1863
Pseudanthias Bleeker, 1871
Rabaulichthys Allen, 1984
Sacura Jordan & Richardson, 1910
Selenanthias Tanaka, 1918
Serranocirrhitus Watanabe, 1949
Tosana H.M. Smith & Pope, 1906
Tosanoides Kamohara, 1953
Trachypoma Günther, 1859




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Anthiadidae
• Baldwinella
• Tosanoides bennetti
• Caesioperca
• Tosanoides annepatrice
• Acanthistius
• Odontanthias cauoh
• Anatolanthias
• Sacura
• Holanthias