• Source: APAF1

Apoptotic protease activating factor 1, also known as APAF1, is a human homolog of C. elegans CED-4 gene.




Function


The protein was identified in the laboratory of Xiaodong Wang as an activator of caspase-3 in the presence of cytochromeC and dATP. This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein that forms one of the central hubs in the apoptosis regulatory network. This protein contains (from the N terminal) a caspase recruitment domain (CARD), an ATPase domain (NB-ARC), few short helical domains and then several copies of the WD40 repeat domain. Upon binding cytochrome c and dATP, this protein forms an oligomeric apoptosome. The apoptosome binds and cleaves Procaspase-9 protein, releasing its mature, activated form. The precise mechanism for this reaction is still debated though work published by Guy Salvesen suggests that the apoptosome may induce caspase-9 dimerization and subsequent autocatalysis. Activated caspase-9 stimulates the subsequent caspase cascade that commits the cell to apoptosis.
Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding different isoforms.




Structure


APAF1 contains a CARD domain with a Greek key motif composed of six helices, a Rossman fold nucleotide binding domains, a short helical motif and a winged-helix domain.




Interactions


APAF1 has been shown to interact with:

APIP,
BCL2-like 1
Caspase-9,
HSPA4, and
NLRP1.




References






External links


Human APAF1 genome location and APAF1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: O14727 (Apoptotic protease-activating factor 1) at the PDBe-KB.




Further reading

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Xiaodong Wang
• Daftar gen penyandi protein pada manusia/1
• APAF1
• NOD-like receptor
• Programmed cell death
• Apoptosis
• NLRP3
• Apoptosome
• BCL2L10
• NWD1
• List of human protein-coding genes 1
• APIP