• Source: Atassi family

Atassi (Arabic: الأتاسي) (Turkish: Atasi/ Atasizade) is the name of a prominent family in Homs, Syria, of a noble lineage dating back to the 15th century AD. In modern times, members of the family led the national movement against the French mandate. The power and prestige of the family reached an apex at the formation of the modern Republic of Syria in 1936, when its second head of state, Hashim al-Atassi was elected president. Two out of the seven members of the constitutional assembly who drafted the first constitution of Syria in 1919 were prominent Atassis: Wasfi al-Atassi and Hashim al-Atassi. Two more scions, Lu'ay al-Atassi and Nureddin al-Atassi, were in turn installed as heads of state in the 1960s. Family members included magistrates, governors, ambassadors, heads of political parties, military officers and other public officials throughout Ottoman and modern times.




Background



Many leading family members assumed prominent religious and political positions in Ottoman, French, and Independent Syria.
The oldest mention of the family was in a religious manuscript dated in 1450, copied in service to one the family ancestors, Sheikh Ibrahim bin Ahmad Al-Atassi, who was named Imam of Prince Toghan bin Seqlesiz, Prince of the Turkman. The family appeared in Hims around the end of the 15th century. Its ancestor, Ali Bin Khalil Atassi, was buried in 1508 in a tomb in a mosque which later became known as the Atassi Mosque. The tomb exists until today.
The name al-Atassi evolved from the word "العطاسي" (from "العطاس," meaning "the sneezer" in Arabic) which later changed to "الأطاسي" then to "الأتاسي" or Atassi.
Being Hashemites in origin, its members were recognized as "Ashraf", that is descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, inheriting the formal address of this class in legal court documents. The ancestors of the family moved between Yemen, Hejaz and Turkey before eventually establishing their presence in Homs sometime in the 16th century CE. Their religious authority as muftis of Homs, along with large land holdings in Homs, formed the basis of the family's wealth and influence.
The Atassi House of Homs has been divided into fifteen branches, most of which still use the name Atassi as the sole surname; however, there are two main exceptions. Al-Sayed Suleiman and Majaj are two cadet branches that are recognized as Atassi, although they have alternative surnames.




Atassi muftis of Homs and Tripoli


The office of Mufti of the town of Homs, the highest religious jurisdiction in the city, was hereditary in the Atassi family for over four centuries. At least eighteen Atassi scholars held this position. In addition, two Atassis are known to have been Muftis of the city of Tripoli as well. The Sibaie House of Homs was another scholarly family who were often in competition with the Atassi House for the seat of the mufti, and the Sibaie were able to secure it at least four times in the town history.
The following are members of the family who attained the position of mufti:
(Dates represent period served in that position)

Other members served as religious scholars in other capacities such as judges, chief clerks, and imams. One mufti, Sayed Ibraheem Efendi al-Atassi, also served as Mufti of Tripoli in the late 18th century. Taher al-Atassi served as the supreme judge of Basra in Iraq, and Nablus and Jerusalem in Palestine in the late Ottoman period.
Although members of the Atassi family were naturally involved in the politics of the city of Homs by virtue of holding the mufti position and by belonging to the wealthy class and being Ashraf, it was not until the late 19th century that they started holding non-religious governmental offices. Two scholars who held the position of mufti also held political offices: Khaled al-Atassi (1837–1908), and his son, Taher al-Atassi (1860–1940). In 1876, Sayed Khaled Efendi Al-Atassi was elected to the first parliament of the Ottoman Empire as the deputy from Homs and Hama. In 1922, Sayed Taher Efendi was elected to membership of the Council of the Syrian Union as the representative of Homs in the state of Damascus. Other Atassis have since held legislative positions.
The family achieved further influence through education with a tradition of sending the young men of the family to be educated at the Imperial capital of Istanbul during the Ottoman administration, and then to the Sorbonne and other European centers of learning during the French Mandate.




Atassi heads of state


Hashim al-Atassi, President of Syria: 1936-1939, December, 1949-September, 1950, September, 1950-December, 1951, February, 1954-September, 1955
Lu'ay al-Atassi, President of the Revolutionary Council, vested with presidential powers, 1963
Nureddin al-Atassi, President of Syria, 1966–1970




Atassi members elected to the parliament and ruling councils


(dates represent year elected)

Khaled al-Atassi, elected to the Ottoman parliament, 1876.
Hashem al-Atassi, 1918, 1928, 1932, 1936.
Wasfi Beik al-Atassi, Ottoman Parliament (1914), Syrian Congress (1918)
Taher Efendi al-Atassi, 1922, member of the 15-membered Ruling Council of the Tri-State Union.
Feidy Beik al-Atassi, 1923 (State of Damascus Assembly), 1947, 1949, 1954, 1961.
Mukarram Al-Atassi, 1936, 1946.
Adnan al-Atassi, 1943, 1947, 1954.
Hilmi al-atassi, 1943.
Dr. Shawqi al-Atassi, elected to the parliament of the United Arab Republic, 1960.
Nureddin al-Atassi, 1965 (National Council)
Ibtisam al-Sayed Suleiman al-Atassi, 2003.
Suheir Atassi
Mansour Al-Atassi
Farah Al Atassi, leader in Syrian politics and International affairs. A founding member of the High negotiation Committee, National Syrian Women Association, Syrian American Cultural Center, Arab American Information and Resource Center, Syria American Business Council, Women in peace and Security, the Interfaith Dialogue Initiative.




Atassi ministers in various cabinets






Atassi mayors of Homs






References



Atassi, B.H. "Bughyat Al-Nasi" the History of the Atassi Family-Bassel Atasi.
Islamic Court Registers of city of Homs.
al-Muradi, Khalil. Silk Al-Durar fi 'ayan al-Qarn al-thani sshar.
al-Bitar, Abdul-Razzaq. Hilyat al-bashar fi tarikh al-qarn al-thalith 'ashar.
As'ad (1985) Tarikh Homs, 2 volumes, Tripoli, تاريخ حمص تأليف خوري أسعد, in Arabic
Moubayed, Sami M., Steel and Silk: man and Men Who Shaped Syria 1900-2000. Cune Press, 2006.
Atassi Family Website

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Muammar Khadafi
• Negara Islam Irak dan Syam
• Atassi family
• Nureddin al-Atassi
• Hashim al-Atassi
• Lu'ay al-Atassi
• Suheir Atassi
• Al-Assad family
• Jamal al-Atassi
• Khaled al-Atassi
• Al-Atassi Mosque
• Al-Sayed Suleiman