- Source: Battle of Canton (March 1841)
The First Battle of Canton (Chinese: 第一次廣州之戰) was fought between British and Chinese forces in Canton, Guangdong Province, China, on 18 March 1841 during the First Opium War. The capture led to the hoisting of the Union Jack on the British factory in Canton and the resumption of trade between the British and the Chinese.
Narrative
Following the Convention of Chuenpi in January 1841, which among other clauses ceded the island of Hong Kong to Great Britain, the furious Qing Daoguang Emperor fired Imperial Commissioner Qishan. In his place the emperor appointed his nephew Yishan as "General-pacifier of the Rebellious" (jìngnì 靖逆), with Lungwan (Long Wen, 隆文) and Yang Fang as ministerial attaches to assist him. On 20 March, British Plenipotentiary Charles Elliot announced the re-opening of trade after negotiations with Yang Fang as Lungwan and Yishan did not arrive in Canton until 14 April.
Notes
Bibliography
Bridgman, Elijah Coleman; Williams, Samuel Wells, eds. (1841), The Chinese Repository, vol. 10
Bulletins and Other State Intelligence. Compiled and arranged from the official documents published in the London Gazette. Westminster: Printed by F. Watts. 1841.
Hall, William Hutcheon; Bernard, William Dallas (1847). The Nemesis in China: Comprising a History of the Late War in that Country, with an Account of the Colony of Hong-Kong (3rd ed.). London: Henry Colburn.
Waley, Arthur (2013) [First published 1958]. The Opium War Through Chinese Eyes. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136576652.