- Source: Battle of Debal
The Battle of Debal, in 643 AD, involved a Muslim military expedition of the Rashidun Caliphate against the Brahmin dynasty of Sindh. During the reign of second Rashidun caliph Umar, the expedition had been launched by Uthman, the governor of Bahrain, around 643 AD. Debal, one of Uthman's brothers, led the campaign under the command of Al-Mughira Abul Aas.
The Battle
Regarded as the first battle of Arab Caliphate in Sindh occurred in 643 AD, there are two accounts associated with the battle. According to 9th-century historian Al-Baladhuri, the Arabs won the battle. However, the 13th-century Persian historical work Chach Nama gives a different account of this battle indicating that the leader of the Arab army was killed. On the other hand, UNESCO published work accepted the account of Al-Baladuri while several scholars like Nabi Bakhsh Baloch, Ali ibn Ḥamid Kufi Ahamad, Muhammad Ishaq also accepted the account of Al-Baladhuri. Muhammad Ishaq and other authors state that al-Mughira was alive after the battle as late as 650 AD and in that year his brother Uthman allotted a plot for him. It was confirmed through Yaqut al-Hamawi. Further there is contemporary source of Umar's era where Sebeos, the contemporary Armenian author wrote, King of Arab Umar, assembled the boats and order to navigate, going east to Fars, Sindh, Turan, Makran, Sakastan and as far as border of India. The troops burned the regions, taking a lot of booty and then reached their own place.
Aftermath
The battle paved the way for further Arabs advancement in the region.
References
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