• Source: Branches of botany

Botany is a natural science concerned with the study of plants. The main branches of botany (also referred to as "plant science") are commonly divided into three groups: core topics, concerned with the study of the fundamental natural phenomena and processes of plant life, the classification and description of plant diversity; applied topics which study the ways in which plants may be used for economic benefit in horticulture, agriculture and forestry; and organismic topics which focus on plant groups such as algae, mosses or flowering plants.




Core topics


Cytology – cell structure
Epigenetics – Control of gene expression
Paleobotany – Study of fossil plants and plant evolution
Palynology – Pollen and spores
Plant biochemistry – Chemical processes of primary and secondary metabolism
Phenology – the timing of germination, flowering and fruiting
Phytochemistry – Plant secondary chemistry and chemical processes
Phytogeography – Plant Biogeography, the study of plant distributions
Phytosociology – Plant communities and interactions
Plant anatomy – Structure of plant cells and tissues
Plant ecology – Role and function of plants in the environment
Plant evolutionary developmental biology – Plant development from an evolutionary perspective
Plant genetics – Genetic inheritance in plants
Plant morphology – Structure of plants
Plant physiology – Life functions of plants
Plant reproduction – Processes of plant reproduction
Plant systematics – Classification and naming of plants
Plant taxonomy – Classification and naming of plants




Applied topics


Agronomy – Application of plant science to crop production
Arboriculture – Culture and propagation of trees
Astrobotany - The study of plants in space
Biotechnology – Use of plants to synthesize products
Dendrology – Study of woody plants, shrubs, trees and lianas
Economic botany – Study of plants of economic use or value
Ethnobotany – Plants and people. Use and selection of plants by humans
Forestry – Forest management and related studies
Horticulture – cultivation of garden plants
Marine botany – Study of aquatic plants and algae that live in seawater
Micropropagation – rapid propagation of plants using cell and tissue culture
Pharming (genetics) – Genetic engineering of plants to produce pharmaceuticals
Plant breeding – Breeding of plants with desirable genetic characters
Plant pathology (Phytopathology) – Plant diseases
Plant propagation – propagation of plants from seed, bulbs, tubers, cuttings and grafting
Pomology – Fruit and nuts
Seed technology - Seed technology is the science dealing with the methods of improving physical and genetical characteristics of seed.




Organismal topics


groups of organisms - clades, grades and guilds

Agrostology, or graminology – Poaceae (grasses)
Batology – Rubus subg. Rubus (brambles)
Bryology, or muscology – mosses (sensu stricto) or mosses, liverworts, and hornworts (sensu lato)
Caricology – Carex (sedges)
Charology – Charales (stoneworts)
Citrology – Citrus
Cycadology – Cycads
Dendrology – trees
Hepaticology, or hepatology – Marchantiophyta (liverworts)
Lichenology – lichens
Mycology, mycetology, or fungology – fungi
Orchidology – Orchidaceae
Phycology, or algology – Algae
Pteridology, or filicology – ferns and their allies
Rhodology – Rosa
Sphagnology – Sphagnum
Synantherology – Asteraceae (composites)
study of chronological dating using plants

Acanthochronology – Cactaceae
Dendrochronology – wood




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Sihir
• Branches of botany
• Botany
• Glossary of botanical terms
• Index of branches of science
• Branch
• Outline of botany
• Plant morphology
• Paleoethnobotany
• Ethnolichenology
• History of botany