- Source: Breakup
A relationship breakup, breakup, or break-up is the ending of a relationship. The act is commonly termed "dumping [someone]" in slang when it is initiated by one partner. The term is less likely to be applied to a married couple, where a breakup is typically called a separation or divorce. When a couple engaged to be married breaks up, it is typically called a "broken engagement". People commonly think of breakups in a romantic aspect, however, there are also non-romantic and platonic breakups, and this type of relationship dissolution is usually caused by failure to maintain a friendship.
Susie Orbach (1992) has argued that the dissolution of dating and cohabiting relationships can be as painful as or more painful than divorce because these nonmarital relationships are less socially recognized.
Kamiar-K. Rueckert argues with the works of Donald Winnicott that the ability to be alone is an essentially healthy sign of emotional development and maturity. Once a child has obtained closeness and attachment by their early caregivers, they are able to develop autonomy and identity. If children have not introjected the good and protective qualities of their parents, they will fear separation and break-ups.
Models
Several psychological models have been proposed to explain the process of a relationship breakup, many suggesting that relationship dissolution occurs in stages.
Mark L. Knapp, a foundational scholar on the subject of interpersonal relationships, created a model called Knapp's relational development model. He describes two separate phases of relationships, coming together and coming apart.
The coming together phase is meant to be long-term, beginning in the initiation phase and becoming deeper with time and intimacy. In the coming apart phase, differentiating begins. This is when the individuals began noticing differences that may seem unnegotiable or place pressure on the relationship. This leads to circumscribing where the individuals begin to pull apart, set boundaries, and have their own independent lives. This may cause issues to arise. At this point, the relationship reaches stagnation where the couple stays together for other reasons rather than their will to do so. Examples include children. The next stage is avoidance in which the individuals try to stay away from each other as much as possible. They, then, reach termination, where the relationship is over and they go their separate ways.
= Stages leading to a breakup
=
L. Lee proposes that there are five stages ultimately leading up to a breakup.
= Cycle of a breakup
=
Steve Duck outlines a six-stage cycle of relationship breakup:
= Factors that predict a breakup before marriage
=
Hill, Rubin and Peplau identify five factors that predict breakup before marriage:
= Cascade Model of Relational Dissolution
=
Gottman and Levenson (1994) outline the Cascade Model of Relational Dissolution, in which four negative nonverbal behaviors lead to the breakdown of a marriage/relationship:
Uncoupling theory
In 1976, sociologist Diane Vaughan proposed an "uncoupling theory", where there exists a "turning point" in the dynamics of relationship breakup – 'a precise moment when they "knew the relationship was over," when "everything went dead inside"' – followed by a transition period in which one partner unconsciously knows the relationship is going to end, but holds on to it for an extended period, even for years.
Vaughan considered that the process of breakup was asymmetrical for initiator and respondent: the former 'has begun mourning the loss of the relationship and has undertaken something tantamount to a rehearsal, mentally and, to varying degrees, experientially, of a life apart from the partner'. The latter then has to play catch-up: 'to make their own transition out of the relationship, partners must redefine initiator and relationship negatively, legitimating the dissolution'.
As a result, for Vaughan 'getting out of a relationship includes a redefinition of self at several levels: in the private thoughts of the individual, between partners, and in the larger social context in which the relationship exists'. She considered that 'uncoupling is complete when the partners have defined themselves and are defined by others as separate and independent of each other – when being partners is no longer a major source of identity'.
Conscious uncoupling
Katherine Woodward Thomas, a licensed marriage and family therapist, originated the term "conscious uncoupling" in 2009. Thomas began teaching this new approach to divorce to students throughout the world.
The term received popularization by Gwyneth Paltrow, who used the phrase to describe her divorce with Chris Martin. Paltrow had her doctors Dr. Sherry Sami, and Habib Sadeghi and his wife explain the Conscious Uncoupling when she first made the news of her divorce public. A "conscious uncoupling is the ability to understand that every irritation and argument [within a marriage] was a signal to look inside ourselves and identify a negative internal object that needed healing," Habib Sadeghi explained. "From this perspective, there are no bad guys, just two people, it's about people as individuals, not just the relationship".
Consequences
Depending on the individual, breakups can be stressful, unpleasant, and traumatic events. Both parties could feel a large number of negative effects as a result of the relationship's dissolution, and these events often gain the reputation for being some of the worst events in people's lives. These could include psychological distress symptoms, grief reactions, an overall decline in psychological well-being, and potential stalking behaviors. Individuals often work hard to keep their relationships intact because of how significantly distressing and problematic these negative effects can be, even in the face of potential complications in their relationship, for as long as they can bear it.
= Negative effects
=
Psychological distress symptoms
Individuals who had just recently experienced the dissolution of a romantic relationship reported several symptoms of acute psychological distress. These included flashback and intrusive memories associated with their partner, often triggered by important dates associated with either the relationship or the breakup. These intrusive distress symptoms manifested in various ways for both the individual who initiated the breakup and their partner, such as being reminded of certain aspects of their behavior or their preferences.
Another set of psychological distress symptoms that were reported by individuals who had experienced a romantic relationship breakup fell under the category of avoidance behavior. Being without their partner causes their self-concept to shift as they struggle through emotional distress. This involves an active attempt at denying or ignoring the circumstances of the current situation, or those that led to the dissolution of the relationship. In relation to this, individuals also noted feeling numb and uninterested with the world around them because of the breakup.
The combination of this desire to engage in avoidance behaviors and the intrusive memories that may naturally come up cause individuals to feel significant emotional swings and outbursts in the form of irritation, anger, and startle responses. Individuals were noted as being far more paranoid, suspicious, and jealous, often tied towards a desire to know information about their ex-partner.
Overall, these psychological distress symptoms come together to result in a significantly lower level of self-esteem among individuals who have just undergone the dissolution of a romantic relationship. Additionally, individuals undergo a significant redefinition of their self-concept, as they attempt to understand who they are without their ex-partner. This compounds upon the psychological distress symptoms that they feel from the loss of the relationship and is the most significant negative effect that people undergoing a breakup experience.
Grief reactions
A natural effect of the loss of a relationship that an individual had hoped to keep is grief, because the desire to keep relationships intact despite problems and complications is a natural human desire. This results in individuals undergoing a breakup displaying grief reactions that include symptoms like sleeplessness, depression, and suicidal thoughts. This tendency to express grief and depression is so prevalent that researchers point to it being a significant contributor to the first onset of major depressive disorder in young adults.
The extent of these grief reactions is not limited to the time frame immediately following the dissolution of the romantic relationship. Even some time after the breakup, people who are asked to recall depressing or negative events in their lives commonly make reference to traumatic events of this nature. This negative effect can be attributed to the severity of the grief reaction that people who suffer through a breakup display, making a significant mark in their lives that they are unlikely to forget.
Decline in psychological well-being
In addition to these specific negative effects, individuals who are suffering through a breakup report a general decline in their psychological well-being. The general negative emotion that they feel often triggers other behaviors and habits that are either detrimental to their mental health or signify poor mental health conditions. These include:
increased alcohol use
weight loss
worsening physical health
admissions to psychiatric services
increased criminal behavior
increased risk of suicide
negative emotions and feelings (such as guilt, anger, or rejection)
Stalking behaviors
A behavior that has been noticed following some breakups is the prevalence of stalking as one partner attempts to maintain contact with the other, however unwanted it may be. This type of behavior exists on a scale that stretches from an amicable breakup with no unwanted harassment behaviors all the way to stalking behaviors that are threatening and distressful to the partner. This behavior stems from an unhappiness with the circumstances following the dissolution of the relationship, as well as a misguided belief that the stalking behavior may result in the reforming of the relationship. There is no clear definition of stalking behavior that differentiate it from socially acceptable activities; they become more sinister when they are unwanted and form a persistent pattern.
= Positive effects
=
Evidence shows that even in the direst of situations, there is a chance for positive emotions and growth. Breakups are no different, giving victims opportunities for stress-related growth, improving their performance in future relationships, and providing feelings of relief and freedom. Jessica Kansky and Joseph P. Allen conducted a study that followed 160 20 to 25-year-olds, or emerging adults, and observed their romantic and close friend relationships. There were a significant number of findings, but one finding was that the experience of a break-up did prove positive in the long run for several individuals, especially if they knew the reason(s) the relationship ended.
Stress-related growth
Individuals that are placed under stressful situations are often faced with an opportunity for growth and development as a result of this stress. Without this push to improve, individuals are often pushed towards complacency and refuse to make the necessary efforts to progress through life. Different ways in which people have exhibited growth following a stressful life event include improvements to the way a person views themselves, the way they connect with other people around them, or their overall approach to life. Research shows that breakups are highly representative of this type of stressful situation, as individuals experience them several times throughout their lives and have been known to self-report instances of growth because of the experience.
Improved future relationships
Another positive outcome that has been observed to follow breakup has to do with the lessons that people may have learned from going through the painful experience. The stress-related growth that a person is forced to experience following a breakup causes improvements to their overall character, self-image, and ability to interact with others. These improvements have the potential to improve the quality of future romantic relationships with other people. This is due to the increased level of maturity displayed by the individual as well as, to a lesser extent, insight into certain things that they must avoid in a relationship to ensure better relationships in the future.
Feelings of relief and freedom
While this may not necessarily be a universal positive consequence that affects all people going through a breakup, there is significant evidence towards certain individuals experiencing feelings of relief, freedom, and happiness following the end of a relationship. There is a high likelihood that these individuals were the one who initiated the breakup in the first place, but research has shown that there have been cases where individuals that have been victims of a breakup recognize that their past relationship was sub-optimal, which allows them to display the same emotions of relief, freedom, and happiness.
= Mitigating factors
=
While individuals that have experienced a breakup are likely to experience a number of different positive and negative effects once the relationship has run its course, different people can expect these to manifest in varying degrees. This is because there are several mitigating factors that can either minimize or amplify the extent to which one feels the consequences of a breakup. The list of potential factors that have been shown to moderate the effects that an individual might feel are categorized and listed below:
Relationship quality
Duration of relationship – longer relationships are more likely to be more painful after the breakup
Admission of love for ex-partner – relationships that report to be filled with love may exacerbate the consequences that victims feel following a breakup
Satisfaction levels of both parties – relationships that report both parties feeling satisfied are more likely to suffer during breakups
Level of investment in maintaining the relationship – high levels of relationship investment translate to a much larger loss caused by the dissolution of the romantic relationship
Proportion of positive and negative relationship memories – individuals that had a high number of positive relationship memories were less negatively affected by the breakup when compared to those that would constantly dredge up negative memories of their ex-partner
Romantic situation following breakup
Ease of finding an alternative partner – being able to find a new partner immediately following a breakup allowed the individual to better weather the negative emotions and problems associated with the dissolution of a romantic relationship
Willingness to begin a new relationship – an openness to the formation of a new relationship was shown to translate to a lower level of victimization and negative consequences after a breakup
Circumstances of the breakup
Initiator of the dissolution of the relationship – while both the initiator and the victim were shown to experience consequences following the breakup, the former displayed less of these symptoms and in some cases experienced positive effects because the relationship ended
Certainty of the reasons for the breakup – being unsure about the initiator's reasons for breaking up caused higher levels of anxiety and other stress symptoms in the victim, while achieving closure was an important step for most individuals seeking to move on from a breakup
Characteristics of the participants
Hardiness – individuals that displayed above average levels of hardiness were unfazed by the dissolution of their romantic relationship and were less likely to be bothered by its consequences
Attachment styles can play a big role in why a breakup occurs in the first place. Attachment styles define the expectations an individual has when in a relationship based on the relationship they had with their caregivers during childhood. The four attachment styles are Avoidant Attachment ( which is characterized by avoiding communication and withdrawing), Anxious / Ambivalent Attachment ( which is characterized by fear that a partner will not reciprocate the same love that the individual gives), Fearful Avoidant (Disorganized) Attachment (which is characterized by a fear of relationships and attempts to avoid them even while craving love and intimacy), and Secure Attachment (which is the style that is characterized by strong, healthy relationships). These attachment styles can affect the behavior of one partner towards another and different attachment styles can clash. For instance, if one partner has an avoidant attachment and dates someone with a secure attachment style, the two partners may clash due to a lack of communication and several misunderstandings as these attachment styles come with expectations that are acted out in behavior that can eventually lead to a breakup.
Self-esteem levels – high levels of self-esteem allow people to be less stressed during the dissolution of a relationship and alleviate the most severe negative consequences
Mental health – individuals that display lower levels of mental health and substance abuse have reported magnified consequence levels when going through the breakup process
Self-complexity – people that exhibit a complex self-image, which references an ability to perceive oneself as more than just who they are in their romantic relationship, are less likely to be debilitated by the consequences of a breakup
Sex – several studies observed that females on average exhibited larger negative symptoms during the breakup process
Implementation of coping strategies
Distancing – avoiding the problem has been observed to translate to negative coping outcomes and a worsening of the consequences reported by the victim, while a willingness to confront the matter and engage in problem-solving has shown overall mitigative effects to breakup consequences
Benefit-finding – the willingness to objectively assess the relationship, as well as an ability to find benefits that resulted from its ending allowed victims to display less stress symptoms during the breakup
Perceived social support – individuals that felt like people in their social group were on their side and would support them during this stressful time reported being less affected by the breakup and loss of a romantic relationship
Online breakups
The technologically advanced society that currently exists means that much of people's lives are online. People can date online via dating apps or using social media platforms such as Instagram or Facebook. Many relationships have been able to manifest from mediated communication and last a similar amount of time as relationships that were started in person. Others, however, have not been as long-lived. The presence of social media and technology also plays a part in relationships that began and exist in person, as well. There has been much controversy about the stress that online dating places on relationships. The constant and wide range of accessibility provided by technology and internet access can lead to a plethora of issues that may result in break-ups. An example of this is that those already in a relationship can have multiple partners that are also dating using online platforms that have no knowledge of each other due to the unlimited access they have to meet people from all over the world. Once a partner discovers the infidelity, this could result in a breakup. Online dating may also prohibit choices that could save a relationship. To further elaborate, many times in relationships, space is necessary to collect thoughts and feelings after an argument, however, the usage of social media allows access to one's partner at all times. This constant accessibility may result in disruption of both space and boundaries necessary for a healthy relationship.
LGBTQ relationship dissolutions
While public opinion has become more accepting of different forms of relationships, including those that are not heterosexual, LGBTQ couples often face adversity when it comes to maintaining their relationships due to societal-based homophobia. According to researchers Lahti and Kolehmainen, studies have shown that LGBTQ couples tend to feel pressured by society to maintain long, monogamous, and healthy relationships. They may struggle in silence and refuse to seek help or end a relationship when it may be in their best interest mentally and emotionally because of this pressure. Their studies also indicate that most counseling services, or other means of salvaging a relationship, have heteronormative assumptions. This makes it difficult for LGBTQ couples to find help for their relationships that caters to the issues they struggle with personally.
Other unique issues arise out of LGBTQ relationship dissolutions when children are involved. According to researchers Goldberg and Allen, LGBTQ separations involving children can become legally confusing. In lesbian relationships, there are two mothers, so the question arises of who would receive full custody of the child(ren). Many times, the court system favors the birth mother, however, in lesbian relationships, one mother could carry the egg of another, so it becomes challenging to determine who the child(ren) biologically belongs to. In gay male relationship dissolutions, this also causes confusion as the majority of gay male parents adopted their children. Due to the heteronormative society that currently exists, LGBTQ couples often deal with challenges post-break-up.
There is a lack of research on LGBTQ relationship dissolutions as these relationships are fairly recent to acceptance and legality in history.
See also
Broken heart
Defriend
Divorce
Emotional baggage
Five stages of grief
Human bonding
John Gottman
Legal separation
Marital separation
Resignation
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Torch song
Unrequited love
References
- Source: Break Up
A breakup is the termination of a usually intimate relationship by any means other than death.
Break Up may also refer to:
Film
Break Up (1965 film), also known as The Man with the Balloons, an Italian film directed by Marco Ferreri
Ceremony of Disbanding, a 1967 Japanese yakuza film also known as The Breakup
Break Up (1978 film), starring Tony Musante and Ornella Muti
Break Up (1998 film), starring Bridget Fonda, Kiefer Sutherland, and Steven Weber
The Break-Up, a 2006 film starring Vince Vaughn and Jennifer Aniston
Television
Break Up (TV program), starring Bernadette Peters and Carl Ballantine
"The Break-Up" (30 Rock), a television episode
"The Break Up" (Glee), a television episode
"The Break-Up" (Recess), a television episode
Music
Break Up (album), by Pete Yorn and Scarlett Johansson
Break Up, an EP by the Smoking Popes
"Break Up" (song), by Mario
"Break Up", a 1965 single by Del Shannon
"Break Up", a 1972 song by The Nashville Teens
Break Up, a 2022 song by girl group Citizen Queen (2022)
"Break Up", a 2009 song by Lil Wayne
"Break Ups", a 2012 song by Reks from Straight, No Chaser
Other
Breakup, a synonym to "mud season", the time of year when ice and snow melt
In aviation and spaceflight, a complete destruction or fragmentation of a moving vehicle as a result of mechanical malfunction, aerodynamic stress or other
See also
Breaking Up (disambiguation)
Ship breaking, the scrapping of old ships- Source: Break-Up
Break-Up is an independent German experimental feature film comedy directed by Alexander Tuschinski. It received awards at international film-festivals and had its German premiere at Berlin Independent Film Festival 2015. Although it is not part of it, it is connected to Tuschinski's informal Trilogy of Rebellion by one main character and some references in the storyline.
Plot
The film is about a satire on modern life and on the nature of power, interweaving many subplots to create an overview of young people's lives today. It is told in an experimental visual- and editing style. The film has been called an experimental film.
The film consists of four chapters that are explicitly named in the storyline. Their names correspond with the general theme of each chapter:
1. Break Out - The opening of the film consists mainly of people breaking out of their regular world and conventional lifestyles.
2. Break In - The second chapter starts with the character John "breaking into" a married relationship, and ideologies "breaking in" Arnold's mind.
3. Break Free! - The third chapter starts with a trial, and Arnold breaking free from all the ideologies that had influenced him before. It ends with Arnold being badly beaten up, lying on the floor without any illusions left.
4. Break Up - The fourth and final chapter deals with John finally breaking up with his girlfriend - and destroying the planet in the process in a surrealistic scene. He is thus metaphorically "breaking up" with all that is wrong in the world as it was depicted in the previous chapters.
There are three groups of people in the film: Followers, bad leaders and individualists. (...) Because those people with the highest self-confidence are often the most convincing, but don't necessarily say the most sensible things.
Themes
= Literature
=
Throughout the film, there are numerous references to literary works that sometimes are integral to scenes.
Franz Kafka's The Trial
The Trial by Franz Kafka is referenced throughout the storyline, the reference becoming clear towards the middle. After Josef Köhler - played by actor Dominic Rödel - refuses to hire Arnold, the latter pretends to be him while insulting a police officer, which ultimately leads to the arrest of (innocent) Köhler. After he is arrested, an off-narrator reads the first sentence from Kafka's book as a direct reference to it.
Das Fahrzeug
The novel Das Fahrzeug by the film's director is depicted multiple times, always bringing bad luck to its readers as a self-ironic element.
= Breaking the fourth wall
=
One major theme / stylistic device in Break-Up is breaking the fourth wall. Occasionally, character's remarks reveal that they're aware they're acting in a film. In the beginning, John explains Jane how Break-Up would become boring if they met each other with smalltalk. When they disturb the set of a pretentious student-film, the characters use the film Break-Up as an example of a better film, eventually dragging the cinematographer Matthias Kirste who is filming them into the discussion. Later, when John tells Jane to wait at the cemetery, he tells her that waiting is not bad, because when she's not shown in the film, she doesn't exist. One major scene breaking the fourth wall is the start of the second half, when during a serious scene, suddenly the police walks in to arrest the cast and crew after one actors starts shouting that he doesn't like the direction the film is taking anymore. The following, surrealistic trial - in which the actors and the director are tried for disturbing public order - suddenly reveals that the character Arnold was acting in the film we just saw, and he now becomes homeless after losing everything.
Different layers of reality
In Break-Up, multiple times the reality of portrayed events within the film's structure is questioned. After Arnold leaves John and Jane in the beginning, he declares that the whole beginning was a dream that ended with him in World War II. A while later, Lutz (who later turns into Silvameshi) proclaims that all of the previous evens were part of his dream that ends in World War II. Later on, it is revealed that the film was actually a video game played by an unseen player - which is never realized by the characters, even though their world suddenly becomes a computer-game.
Emotionally detaching the viewer
At some points of the film, an arts critic appears, criticising the film and sometimes cutting out / fast forwarding segments to give it more speed. That critic is a parody of pretentious arts criticism and appears during "romantic" or otherwise emotional moments to make the audience aware of the methods to evoke emotions used by films in general. Tuschinski describes the dramatic theories by Bertold Brecht as a major influence for Break-Up, making the viewers rationally think about what they see by detaching them emotionally. One example would be after John meets the wife and she falls in love with him, the arts critic suddenly appears, telling the viewer he'll cut out "more of that stuff" to get back on track, displaying a brief slapstick comedy short film while the film is re-edited to be less romantic.
Production
= Overview
=
The film is considered a Low-Budget-Film. The cast consists of 44 mostly first- or second-time actors. After creating Menschenliebe, Alexander Tuschinski wanted to try a new, experimental approach to shape a film's style and story, mostly following new impulses and ideas on set while filming. Thus, many parts of the film were improvised on the set, having only a rough outline of many scenes before filming. As a part of the experimental filming process, Alexander Tuschinski only wrote a detailed screenplay for the first 15 minutes of the film before filming started. Afterwards, during filming, he often followed spontaneous impulses to create the story.
= Development
=
Alexander Tuschinski started writing a theatre play right after filming Menschenliebe had wrapped in 2009. The opening scene of the play was a humorous analysis of smalltalk and dating. While writing, Tuschinski decided to shelve the incomplete play, instead including parts of it in his next feature-film. The play's opening scene incorporated without changes in Break-Up. Until April 2010, Tuschinski had written a screenplay for the first 15 minutes of the film, and a rough outline for the remainder. That first outline differs significantly from how the film ultimately developed. Tuschinski chose this approach because after producing Menschenliebe, he wanted to do a very different film. Working on a similar budget, he intended to make the experimental production process integral to the final film. One of his main inspirations working on Break-Up were experimental 1960s films by Tinto Brass, most notable Nerosubianco and The Howl. Two songs from the soundtrack of Nerosubianco were used in Break-Up, and it features some hommages to Tinto Brass' films - that are directly named as hommages by characters in Break-Up, breaking the fourth wall.
= Casting
=
For Break-Up, Tuschinski cast many actors with whom he had already collaborated in Menschenliebe and earlier projects, in addition to numerous first-time actors. Due to the production's experimental, spontaneous nature, some actors were cast right before the day of filming. Because to the experimental writing style, roles could be expanded or changed easily. Philipp Metzler, who plays a lead character in Break-Up, for example, was originally cast in a very small role as a literature student during a student picnic. As Tuschinski was impressed by his performance, he decided to merge multiple characters into one, creating a new lead character portrayed by Metzler. Sebastian B. reprises his role as Arnold Richter from Menschenliebe. Beside having the same name and being portrayed by the same actor, his character is similar, but not the same as the character in Menschenliebe. Break-Up marks the screen debut of Jennifer Pakosch, who also collaborated on the film as an assistant director and was later cast in a starring part in Timeless.
= Filming
=
Filming started in early 2011 and the last days of filming took place in early 2013. The first scenes filmed were scenes of John and the wife on a date, and the last ones were those in Silvameshi's ashram. Tuschinski filmed Break-Up parallel to his studies mostly on weekends. Production briefly paused while he was promoting Menschenliebe and when he reconstructed Tinto Brass' director's cut of Caligula. For Tuschinski, the production-style of Break-Up was an experiment, having a film "organically" grow over two years instead of pre-planning it. Often, he wrote detailed scenes the morning before filming them, having a rough idea of the set and the necessary actors before filming, re-shaping the structure of the whole film after filming each scene took place. For example, the idea for the character "Silvameshi" came about only in May 2012, and the yet unfilmed second half of the film was designed around that character.
Tuschinski regards this production-style as a deliberate one-time experiment, as his following feature Timeless was again filmed in a relatively short period of time with a detailed screenplay. For Break-Up, Tuschinski collaborated with cinematographer Matthias Kirste and the film was shot with one camera, using many takes to get a lot of experimental camera angles. The film uses a lot of different stylistic means, be they fisheye-lenses, black&white footage shot on filmstock, and others.
= Editing
=
Most scenes were edited by Tuschinski right the very night after filming them. For him, this working style is important, as he keeps a list of shots and possible edits in his head during filming, and prefers editing when all the shots and different takes are still fresh in his memory. The first rough cut of the whole film was ready by mid 2013. For the next months, music rights were cleared. There are two original songs in the film. The editing-style is described as impressionist, often editing scenes to music. During editing, the structure of the film was reshaped and refined, and Tuschinski considers editing Break-Up an integral part of its writing process.
= Release
=
The film was released at various festivals (see list of awards below).
Reception
The film is youth times youth. (...) A fantastic film, a joy to watch!
The films of Alexander are a new kind of film, of showing what can come out from the editing. It is good.
Stunning.
Awards
The film won the following awards:
Best Foreign Film: American Movie Awards 2014.
Best Director: Maverick Movie Awards 2014.
Best International Film: Hollywood Reel Independent Film Festival 2015.
Best Editing: Hollywood Reel Independent Film Festival 2015.
Best Comedy Film - Silver Remi Award: WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival 2014.
Best Editing: Oregon Independent Film Festival 2014.
Best Foreign Feature: Oregon Independent Film Festival 2014.
Gold Award - Foreign Film: California Film Awards 2014.
Screenings
In September 2014, Oregon Independent Film Festival screened a special "Director's Preview Edit" of Break-Up, different from the regular cut of the film, as part of its official festival program in competition in a sold out screening.
References
External links
Break-Up at IMDb
Making-Of documentary about Break-Up. (Video)
Official Press-Book about Break-Up, including production notes, manifesto by the director, and other material. (PDF; 3,2 MB)
Stuttgarter Zeitung: Article about Alexander Tuschinski's film Timeless, mentioning Break-Up winning at American Movie Awards.
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
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