- Source: Building design
- Source: Building Design
Building design, also called architectural design, refers to the broadly based architectural, engineering and technical applications to the design of buildings. All building projects require the services of a building designer, typically a licensed architect. Smaller, less complicated projects often do not require a licensed professional, and the design of such projects is often undertaken by building designers, draftspersons, interior designers (for interior fit-outs or renovations), or contractors. Larger, more complex building projects require the services of many professionals trained in specialist disciplines, usually coordinated by an architect.
Occupations
= Architect
=An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and supervision of the construction of buildings. Professionally, an architect's decisions affect public safety, and thus an architect must undergo specialized training consisting of advanced education and a practicum (or internship) for practical experience to earn a license to practice architecture. In most of the world's jurisdictions, the professional and commercial use of the term "architect" is legally protected.
= Building engineer
=Building engineering typically includes the services of electrical, mechanical and structural engineers.
= Draftsperson
=A draftsperson or documenter has attained a certificate or diploma in architectural drafting (or equivalent training), and provides services relating to preparing construction documents rather than building design. Some draftspersons are employed by architectural design firms and building contractors, while others are self-employed.
= Building designer
=In many places, building codes and legislation of professions allow persons to design single family residential buildings and, in some cases, light commercial buildings without an architectural license. As such, "Building designer" is a common designation in the United States, Canada, Australia and elsewhere for someone who offers building design services but is not a licensed architect or engineer.
Anyone may use the title of "building designer" in the broadest sense. In many places, a building designer may achieve certification demonstrating a higher level of training. In the U.S., the National Council of Building Designer Certification (NCBDC), an offshoot of the American Institute of Building Design, administers a program leading to the title of Certified Professional Building Designer (CPBD). Usually, building designers are trained as architectural technologists or draftspersons; they may also be architecture school graduates that have not completed licensing requirements.
Many building designers are known as "residential" or "home designers", since they focus mainly on residential design and remodeling. In the U.S. state of Nevada, "Residential Designer" is a regulated term for those who are registered as such under Nevada State Board of Architecture, Interior Design and Residential Design, and one may not legally represent oneself in a professional capacity without being currently registered.
In Australia where use of the term architect and some derivatives is highly restricted but the architectural design of buildings has very few restrictions in place, the term building designer is used extensively by people or design practices who are not registered by the relevant State Board of Architects. In Queensland the term building design is used in legislation which licenses practitioners as part of a broader building industry licensing system. In Victoria there is a registration process for building designers and in other States there is currently no regulation of the profession. A Building Designers Association operates in each state to represent the interests of building designers.
= Building surveyor
=Building surveyors are technically minded general practitioners in the United Kingdom, Australia and elsewhere, trained much like architectural technologists. In the UK, the knowledge and expertise of the building surveyor is applied to various tasks in the property and construction markets, including building design for smaller residential and light commercial projects. This aspect of the practice is similar to other European occupations, most notably the geometra in Italy, but also the géomètre in France, Belgium and Switzerland.
the building surveyors are also capable on establishment of bills of quantities for the new works and renovation or maintenance or rehabilitation works.
The profession of Building Surveyor does not exist in the US. The title Surveyor refers almost exclusively to Land surveyors. Architects, Building Designers, Residential Designers, Construction Managers, and Home Inspectors perform some or all of the work of the U.K. Building Surveyor.
See also
Architectural designer
Architectural design values - intentions which influence design decision of architects
Facility management
Landscape architect
Urban design
References
Building Design, or BD, is a British weekly architectural magazine, based in London.
BD was launched in 1969 by publisher Morgan Grampian as a closed circulation weekly at a time when high-tech architecture was just starting to take off. It ceased its print edition in March 2014, becoming a digital-only publication.
Unlike most other architectural publications, BD's editors and staff are mainly journalists rather than architects. The magazine is free to subscribers and offers limited free access to non-subscribers. It is funded by revenue from advertising.
Circulation
In 2006, the last year of the independent ABC circulation reports, the magazine had a circulation of over 23,000, with 21,500 circulated free to professional and industry-related subscriptions.
By 2013, BD reportedly had a circulation of 7,698. Its website, bdonline.co.uk, has 89,000 registered users and receives around 45,000 unique visitors a week, who generate over 750,000 page impressions a month. BD's circulation figures are independently assured by PricewaterhouseCoopers.
The magazine stopped free access to news, blogs and video content on its website in September 2010 when it introduced a subscription for full access.
The publishing company is UBM Built Environment, a division of UBM plc, which also publishes Building and Property Week.
AYA and YAYA
BD hosts the Architect of the Year Awards and Young Architect of the Year in central London, attended by approximately 6000 guests.
The Architect of the Year Awards reward the UK's top architectural practices behind excellent built projects. Since their launch in 2004, the awards have grown in size and stature, featuring entries and attendance from leading practices, and have become firmly established as a key event in the architectural calendar. The awards night is now one of the largest gatherings of architects in the UK.
The Young Architect of the Year Award recognises and rewards Europe's most promising new architects and practices. Previous winners have included Coffey Architects, Jonathan Hendry, Serie Architects, David Kohn Architects, Hackett Hall McKnight, Carmody Groarke, Nord and Lynch Architects.
World Architecture 100
BD publishes an annual ranking of the world's biggest architecture practices known as the World Architecture 100. The listing is distributed to the top FTSE 100 companies as well as BD subscribers and is available to buy online.
Carbuncle Cup
The Carbuncle Cup was BD's annual prize for the worst new architecture in the UK. It ran from 2006-2018, and was launched as a humorous counterpart to the Stirling Prize.
A shortlist was announced each summer, based on nominations from the public. The winner was selected by a small group of architecture critics and professionals.
= Recent winners
=As of 2018, the winners were:
2018 – Redrock Stockport, Stockport, Greater Manchester, by BDP
2017 – Nova Victoria, City of Westminster, London, by PLP Architecture
2016 – Lincoln Plaza, Isle of Dogs, London, by Hamiltons Architects
2015 – 20 Fenchurch Street (the 'Walkie Talkie'), City of London, by Rafael Viñoly
2014 – Woolwich Central, London, by Sheppard Robson
2013 – 465 Caledonian Road, London, by Stephen George and Partners
2012 – Cutty Sark Renovation, Greenwich, London, by Grimshaw Architects
2011 – MediaCityUK, Salford, by Fairhurst, Chapman Taylor and Wilkinson Eyre
2010 – Strata, Elephant and Castle, London, by BFLS
2009 – Liverpool Ferry Terminal, Liverpool, by Hamilton Architects
2008 – Radisson SAS Waterfront Hotel, Saint Helier, Jersey, by EPR Architects
2007 – Opal Court, Leicester, by Stephen George and Partners
2006 – Drake Circus Shopping Centre, Plymouth, by Chapman Taylor
Staff
The Editor is Thomas Lane, who joined BD in 2014 from Building. The assistant editor is Elizabeth Hopkirk. The architecture critic is Ike Ijeh.
Past editors and staff include Amanda Baillieu, Paul Finch, Peter Murray, Martin Pawley, Hugh Pearman and Kieran Long.
Campaigns
Building Design campaigned with the Twentieth Century Society for Robin Hood Gardens, a housing estate in Poplar, London, designed by Alison and Peter Smithson, to be listed and retained. It has likewise argued against the unnecessary demolition of old school buildings.
References
External links
Official website
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Gilbane Building Company
- Pola desain
- Gedung Empire State
- Ivchenko-Progress
- KBM
- MKB Fakel
- T-14 Armata
- Perancangan cerdas
- BTR-4
- T-80
- Building design
- Building Design
- Passive solar building design
- Kharkiv Morozov Machine Building Design Bureau
- Building Design Partnership
- Design
- Sustainable design
- Biophilic design
- Graphic design
- Interior design
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